ABSTRACT
Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) and Aspergillus niger (A. niger) mainly spread through airborne fungal spores. An effective control to impede the dissemination of the spores of Aspergillus in the air affecting the environment and food was carried out. This study focuses on the sustainable rice husk-extracted lignin, nanolignin, lignin/n-lignin capped silver nanoparticles used for fungal growth inhibition. These biomaterials inhibit the growth of fungi by altering the permeability of cell membranes and influencing intracellular biosynthesis. The antifungal indexes for A. flavus and A. niger on day 5 at a concentration of 2000 µg/100 µL are 50.8 and 43.6%, respectively. The results demonstrate that the hybrid biomaterials effectively prevent the growth or generation of fungal spores. The findings of this research hold significant implications for future investigations focused on mitigating the dissemination of Aspergillus during the cultivation of agricultural products or in the process of assuring agricultural product management, such as peanuts and onions.
ABSTRACT
Ab initio intermolecular potential energy surfaces (PES) of N2-NO have been constructed at the level of theory CCSD(T) with the augmented correlation-consistent basis sets aug-cc-pVmZ (with m = 2, 3, 4). The nitrogen in the closed-shell electronic configuration X1Σ+ and nitric oxide in the open-shell electronic configuration A2Σ+ were employed to calculate ab initio intermolecular interaction energies. The two new ab initio 5-site intermolecular pair potentials at the theoretical level CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVmZ (with m = 4, 24) were developed appropriately and are suitable for N2-NO dimer by using the nonlinear least-squares fitting method combining MIO and Levenberg-Marquardt algorithms. The correlation quality of these two potentials was found to be very good with R 2 values in the range of 0.98372 to 0.99775. The cross second virial coefficients B 12(T) of the N2-NO dimer were calculated in the temperature range of 100 to 470 K using the two ab initio 5-site potentials. The discrepancies between the calculated results and the experimental data can be acceptable.
ABSTRACT
Coronary artery fistulae represent the most frequent congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries, but remain a relatively uncommon clinical problem. Moreover, multiple fistulae originating from both the left and the right coronary arteries and draining into the left ventricular chamber are a rare condition. Due to the low prevalence of these anomalies, the appropriate management of patients with symptomatic coronary artery fistulae is controversial. Transcatheter closure approaches have emerged as a less invasive strategy and are nowadays considered a valuable alternative to surgical correction with similar effectiveness, morbidity and mortality. The percutaneous management, however, is mainly limited by the individual anatomic features of the fistula and an appropriate patient's selection is considered as a key determining factor to achieve complete occlusion. Thus, success rates of transcatheter closure techniques reported in the literature are extremely variable and highly dependent upon the nature of the follow up, which, at present, is not standardized. The optimal management of symptomatic patients with multiple coronary artery fistulae still remains a challenging problem and has been traditionally considered as an indication for cardiac surgery. We report here the case of a patient with double bilateral congenital coronary artery fistulae arising from both the left and right coronary arteries and draining individually into the left ventricular chamber. This patient underwent successful transcatheter anterograde closure of both fistulae using a microcoil embolization technique.
