ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ageing is defined as the time-dependent decline of functional capacity and stress resistance resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: Reportedly, these effects can be delayed by mild genetic or pharmacological activation of the main modules of the proteostasis network. STUDY DESIGN-METHODS: By employing advanced phytochemical methods we isolated natural products from the fruits of Platanus orientalis and studied (via a bio-guided approach) their effects in Drosophila flies, as well as in normal human fibroblasts. RESULTS: We report herein that dietary administration in Drosophila flies of a phenolics-enriched methanol extract from the fruits of Platanus orientalis exerted antioxidant effects; activated proteostatic mechanisms and mildly extended flies' longevity. We then isolated the two major compounds of the extract, namely Platanoside and Tiliroside and found that enrichment of the total extract with these compounds decreased oxidative stress and (in the case of the Tiliroside enriched extract) activated proteostatic mechanisms. Administration of purified Tiliroside in flies activated proteostatic genes, enhanced proteasome and lysosomal-cathepsin activities and decreased tissues' oxidative load; moreover, it delayed the rate of age-related decrease in flies' locomotion activity and increased flies' longevity. Notably, Tiliroside also activated proteasome in normal human fibroblasts and delayed progression of cellular senescence indicating that it may also impact on human cells rate of senescence. CONCLUSION: Our presented findings highlight the potential anti-ageing activity of naturals products derived from the fruits of P. orientalis.
Subject(s)
Aging , Biological Products/pharmacology , Drosophila melanogaster/drug effects , Fruit/chemistry , Magnoliopsida/chemistry , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Cells, Cultured , Cellular Senescence , Drosophila melanogaster/physiology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Glycosides/pharmacology , Humans , Longevity/drug effects , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Phenols/pharmacology , Proteasome Endopeptidase ComplexABSTRACT
One flavonol glycoside, two O-isoprenylated flavonols, one α,α-dimethylallyl flavonol, one dihydrochalcone, two furanocoumarins and one terpenoid previously undescribed, along with 42 known compounds were isolated from the buds of two European Platanaceae, Platanus orientalis and Platanus × acerifolia. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR (COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC) experiments, as well as HRMS data. The estrogen-like and antiestrogen-like activity of dichloromethane and methanol extracts of P. orientalis and P. × acerifolia buds and isolated compounds was evaluated using estrogen-responsive cell lines. The potency of selected estrogen agonists to regulate gene expression through ERα and/or ERß was compared with their in vitro osteoblastogenic activity. Kaempferol and 8-C-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propen-1-yl)-5,7-dihydroxyflavonol displayed osteoblastogenic as well as ERα-mediated estrogenic activity similar to estradiol.
Subject(s)
Flavonols/chemistry , Estradiol/metabolism , Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism , Estrogen Receptor beta/metabolism , Glycosides/chemistry , Humans , Kaempferols/metabolism , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular , Osteoblasts/drug effectsABSTRACT
A new 3,4-seco-cycloartane, identified as (24R,25S)-dihydroxy-26-O-nonadecylcarbonyloxy-3,4-secocycloarta-4(28)-en-3-oic acid (1), has been isolated from the leaves of Hopea odorata Roxb. (Dipterocarpaceae), together with the rare 3,4-seco-cycloart-4(28),24-diene-3,26-dioic acid (2 or abiesatrine J) and six other known compounds (3-8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of both chemical and spectroscopic methods.
