Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Split-Mouth Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

This clinical trial investigated the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as an adjunct to conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) in non-surgical periodontal therapy. In a split-mouth randomized controlled trial with 13 patients and 26 periodontal pocket sites, PRF was inserted in test group pockets alongside SRP, while control group pockets received SRP alone. Measurements at baseline and six weeks included probing pocket depths (PPDs), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival recession (GR), the plaque index, and the gingivitis index. The wound healing index was assessed at six weeks. The results show statistically significant improvements in the SRP+PRF group compared to SRP alone, demonstrating a better CAL gain (SRP+PRF group: 2.69 ± 0.63; SRP alone group: 4.15 ± 0.69-p-value: 0.001), PPD reduction (SRP+PRF group: 2.62 ± 0.65; SRP alone group: 3.85 ± 0.80-p-value: 0.001), and GR minimization (SRP+PRF group: 0.46 ± 0.62; SRP alone group: 0.81 ± 0.72-p-value: 0.21). The adjunctive use of PRF enhanced healing, reduced pocket depths, decreased tissue morbidity, and minimized gingival recession. This study concludes that PRF placement is effective in 5-6 mm pockets, potentially reducing the number of periodontal treatment sessions needed for pocket closure.

Evaluation of gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-35 as a marker for identification of periodontal disease activity.

BACKGROUND: This study was carried out to evaluate and compare the levels of IL-35 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontally healthy subjects, patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis and to assess IL-35 as a marker for identification of periodontal disease activity. METHODS: GCF samples were obtained from periodontally healthy subjects (N.=15), gingivitis patients (N.=15) and patients with chronic periodontitis (N.=15). Clinical measurements like probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, Papillary Bleeding Index, and Modified Plaque Index were recorded. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used for the determination of GCF IL-35 levels in samples. RESULTS: The IL-35 levels were significantly higher in the healthy subjects as compared to gingivitis and chronic periodontitis group. There was variation in GCF IL-35 levels in healthy sites in each group and gingivitis sites in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of IL-35 were observed to decrease with increase in the inflammatory status, so it might play a role in suppressing gingival inflammation and maintaining periodontal health.

Bone allograft block using demineralized freeze-dried bone ring technique in Indian patients.

Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the bone ring technique for ridge augmentation using Demineralized Freeze - Dried Bone Allograft block in Siebert's class II/class III defects along with simultaneous implant placement. A total of 15 partially edentulous patients (16 surgical sites) with Siebert's class II and/or class III defects in the anterior region of both jaws requiring ridge augmentation along with implant placement were selected. Starting from the first stage, surgery (Ridge augmentation+ implant placement) was done in the first month. Then, with continuous follow-ups and radiographic assessment, after 6 months of 2nd stage surgery was done, the implant was loaded with the final restoration. Significant results were revealed with all the parameters other than keratinized gingival and peri-implant mucosa thickness. With the mean bone resorption of 1.22 mm and 1.17 mm at the mesial and distal site at a 6-month interval, the success rate of the bone ring technique was 93.75%. The allograft bone ring technique showed a favorable outcome for the reconstruction of large vertical defects.

Reconstruction of Interimplant Papilla by Demineralized Freeze-dried Bone Allograft Block Fixed by Titanium Screw in Maxillary Esthetic Zone.

AIM: To evaluate effectiveness of demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) block fixed by titanium screw for reconstructing interimplant papilla in maxillary esthetic zone during one-stage early loading multiple implant procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 implants were placed in 10 systemically healthy patients (2 implants per patient) for replacement of multiple teeth by early loading one-stage implants along with interimplant papilla reconstruction using DFDBA block fixed by titanium screw. At the baseline, 6 months, and at 1 year, clinical measurements (interimplant papillary height measurement, papilla contour) and radiographic measurements were recorded. RESULTS: At 1 year, mean gain in interimplant vertical crestal bone was 1.7 mm, and complete reconstruction of the papilla was observed in 90% cases. CONCLUSION: Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft block fixed by titanium screw for reconstruction of interimplant papilla in maxillary esthetic zone during one-stage early loading multiple implant procedure is effective. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Presence of interimplant papilla is of utmost importance for esthetically successful implant-supported restoration in the anterior region. This technique leads to reconstruction of interimplant papilla, thus providing esthetic appearance.

Evaluation of the C-reactive protein serum levels in periodontitis patients with or without atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Several studies suggested an association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). C- reactive protein is elevated in periodontitis patients and has been found to be a predictor of increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Since, CRP is known to play a role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the serum levels of CRP in periodontitis patients with or without atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 45 patients, 15 chronic periodontitis patients with atherosclerosis (Group A), 15 chronic periodontitis patients with no history of any systemic disease (Group B), and 15 clinically healthy individuals with no history of periodontal or systemic disease (Group C) within age range of 30 to 55 years were selected for the study. PI, PBI, PPD, CAL and radiographic marginal alveolar bone level were assessed in all the three groups. CRP levels were assessed with 'Turbi-latex' kit using turbidimetric analysis. RESULTS: The mean CAL recorded was 4.9mm in group A, 4.6mm in group B and 1.9 mm in group C. The mean radiographic marginal bone level was 45 to 50% in group A, 45 to 50% in group B and 90 to 95% in group C. Mean serum C-reactive protein level was significantly higher in group A (8.9 mg/l), as compared to group B (4.9 mg/l) as well as group C (0.9 mg/l). CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study it was concluded that periodontitis may add to the inflammatory burden of the individual and may result in increased risk of atherosclerosis based on serum C-reactive protein concentrations.