[Encephalopathy associated with severe bacterial infections: "presuppurative encephalitis" or "toxi-infectious disorder"?]. / Encéphalopathie associée aux infections bactériennes sévères de l'enfant: "encéphalite présuppurative" ou "syndrome toxi-infectieux"?

Three children are reported, exhibiting encephalopathic symptoms in the course of a severe bacterial infection, though they had no sign of intracranial purulent collection nor metabolic disturbances: the first was associated with a appendicular peritonitis, the second with a purulent knee arthritis, the third with a pneumoccus septicemia. The elements are reviewed that favor either a true septic encephalitis, i.e. microscopic presuppurative foci, versus a toxiinfectious process, either by direct action of toxins or through intracerebral activation of pre-inflammatory cytokines. Whatever the mechanism involved in individual cases, the treatment is mainly based on prompt administration of the convenient antibiotics.