Identifying the ideal weekly training load for in-game performance in an elite Brazilian soccer team.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ideal training load to be applied during periods of fixture congestion to ensure an adequate dose-response effect for performance maintenance. Methods: Match performance data and corresponding pre-match training load sessions (both N = 498 match performance cases and training-block session cases) were collected (with the catapult system, VECTOR7) from 36 male professional soccer players (23.5 ± 5.2 years; 178 ± 4 cm; 75.5 ± 6.0 kg) belonging to the Brazilian First Division team during the 2022 season. The following data were collected in match and training sessions: jump, acceleration, deceleration, and change of direction (COD); running distance producing metabolic power at different intensities (>20, >20-35, >35-45, >45-55, and >55 W kg-1), total distance (m), relative distance (m/min), running distance at different speeds (>20, >25, and >30 km/h), number of sprints (running >25 km/h), and maximum speed (km/h). Mixed linear model (MLM), decision tree regression (DTR), and cluster K means model (SPSS v.26) approach were performed to identify the most critical variables (and their respective load) in the training sessions that could explain the athlete's match performance. Results: MLM and DTR regression show that training load significantly affects game performance in a specific way. According to the present data, an interference phenomenon can occur when a high load of two different skills (running in a straight line vs COD, deceleration, and jumping) is applied in the same training block of the week. The cluster approach, followed by a chi-squared test, identified significant associations between training load and athlete match performance in a dose-dependent manner. Discussion: The high load values described here have a beneficial effect on match performance, despite the interference between stimuli discussed above. We present a positive training load from a congested season from the Brazilian First Division team. The study suggests that an interference effect occurs when high physical training loads are applied to different specific physical skills throughout the season.

Weight loss probiotic supplementation effect in overweight and obesity subjects: A review.

Obese individuals present adverse changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota, leading to alterations in energy balance, lipid metabolism, endocrine disturbances, and low-grade chronic systemic inflammation increases. Probiotic supplementation appears to change gut microbiota by decrease gut permeability, inflammation, and metabolic disorders, creating a promising environment to weight loss. This revision resumes the main findings of probiotic supplementation and weight loss that contributed to building the current background linking changes in gut microbiota profile and with obesity.

Monitoring levels of stress and overtraining in an elite brazilian female volleyball athlete: case study

El sobreentrenamiento es el resultado de un desequilibrio entre el estrés y su recuperación, combinado concortos períodos de recuperación y determinados factores psicosociales. En este estudio de caso se ha empleado uncuestionario de estrés y recuperación en el deporte para analizar los niveles de sobreentrenamiento en una jugadorabrasileña de balonvolea de elite. Los resultados indican que las elevadas cargas físicas provocan cambios en el perfil de ladeportista, mostrando un incremento en las escalas de fatiga. Los períodos de recuperación se han mostrado comofundamentales para el restablecimiento de las capacidades físicas y psicológicas de la deportista. Finalmente, nuestrométodo de análisis ha evidenciado la existencia de modificaciones en el perfil de la deportista después de acontecimientospuntuales, tal como el observado después de una derrota inesperada. Se concluye que los cambios en el perfil de la curva,obtenidas por nuestro cuestionario, reflejan los distintos períodos de recogida de datos, lo que configuraría un indicador delos cambios de la sobrecarga estresante. De esta manera, la posibilidad de detección o de la monitorización de los factoresestresantes para ella deportista puede ser de gran valor para la mejora del rendimiento físico y psicológico de un equipo (AU)

Overtraining is the result of an imbalance between stress and recovery, in addition to short recovery time andpsychosocial events. In this case study, a questionnaire of stress and recovery in sports was used to assess the level ofovertraining of an elite female Brazilian volleyball player. The results showed that the heavy loads caused changes in theathlete’s profile, resulting in an increase in the fatigue scales. The recovery periods were fundamental to restore her physicaland psychological capacities. Finally, the method used detected changes in the athlete’s profile after acute events, such as anunexpected defeat. We concluded that changes in the profile of the curve, showed by the instrument, reflected the differentmoments of the collection, thus reflecting the change in the stress overload. Therefore, the detection or monitoring ofstressing factors might be valuable to improve the physical and psychological performance of a team (AU)