ABSTRACT
Pterygium is a benign, wing-shaped fibrovascular overgrowth of subconjunctival tissue that can encroach over the cornea. This condition usually occurs in individuals aged 20-40 years but is rarely seen in children. We report a case of an infant with Rubenstein-Taybi syndrome presenting with nebulo-macular corneal opacity and congenital pterygium. On examination under anaesthesia, bilateral infero-nasal nebulo-macular corneal opacity (6 × 5 mm) with a whitish pink tissue originating from nasal bulbar conjunctiva was noticed. The probe test was negative for this tissue. To the best of our knowledge, only two other cases of congenital pterygium have been reported in the literature. The presence of this anomaly supports the hypothesis of genetic factors having a role in the development of pterygium.
Subject(s)
Conjunctiva/abnormalities , Corneal Opacity , Eye Abnormalities , Pterygium , Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome , Infant , Child , Humans , Pterygium/complications , Pterygium/surgery , Pterygium/diagnosis , Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome/complications , Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome/diagnosis , Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome/genetics , Cornea/abnormalitiesABSTRACT
The treatment of uterine fibroids depends on symptoms of patients, size of the fibroid, desire for future pregnancy, and preference of the treating gynecologist. The present study was undertaken to compare treatment preferences in women desirous and nondesirous of pregnancy by an experienced gynecologist in symptomatic uterine fibroids. Newer medical or minimally invasive treatment modalities are increasingly being used for the treatment of fibroids. However, conventional surgical treatment such as myomectomy and hysterectomy are still preferred by gynecologists.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The osteoporosis is becoming public health problem in India and neighboring Asian countries. As the environmental risk factors for osteoporosis in women are similar in these countries, the study was planned to compare risk factors for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Asian countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was done in August 2015. The period included for this search was from January 2005 to December 2014. The search was done for India and neighboring countries. The final analysis was done on the studies from India, China, Korea, and Japan. The literature search was done in PubMed and Google Scholar using key words, "Osteoporosis" and "Menopause" and "Risk factor." RESULTS: The pooled prevalence for the osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is 41%, but in India alone, it is 53%. Various risk factors are studied in China as compared to other countries. Adequate calcium intake and various exercises were found to be useful modifiable factors. Other factors like age, height, and postmenopausal status cannot be modified. CONCLUSION: Adequate calcium and Vitamin D intake and combinations of various exercises can be considered as preventive measures for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
