Détection et contrôle de l'hypertension artérielle dans une communauté péri-urbaine d'Afrique de l'Ouest.

INTRODUCTION: The detection of hypertension in African countries ranges from 15 to 40%, so more than half of hypertensive people are unaware of their condition. In Côte d’Ivoire, very little work on the detection of hypertension exists. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH: The objective was to analyze the detection and control of hypertension in the Ivorian peri-urban environment. RESULTS: Three hundred and sixty (360) participants were interviewed. Among them, 47.8% (172 participants) had their BP measured in the past 12 months. Sixty-seven individuals were classified as hypertensive of whom 30 had already been detected (44.8%). The control of hypertension was 60%. Higher probabilities of detection were associated with participation in physical activity (OR = 3.27 95% CI: 1.08-10.54). CONCLUSIONS: The detection of hypertension, although relatively high in Anonkoi 3, still concerned less than half of the hypertensives. Hence the interest in raising public awareness of systematic screening for hypertension.

Prevalence and Risks Factors of Prehypertension in Africa: A Systematic Review.

Background: Hypertension is one of the major factors for high mortality of adults in Africa. However, complications occur at lower values than those previously classified as hypertension. Thus, prehypertension is considered as a new category of hypertension and a major risk factor for developing clinical hypertension relative to those with normotension, it has been linked with increased future risk of hypertension as well as cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: The objective of this review was to determine prevalence of prehypertension and describe the associated factors of prehypertension in Africa during the past 10 years. Methods: We did a systematic review using the databases PubMed/Medline, and search engine google scholar. We selected sources of publications and conducted an analysis of articles. Keywords in English were: prehypertension, high normal blood pressure, high blood pressure, elevated blood pressure, Africa. Keywords in french were: préhypertension artérielle, préhypertension, pression artérielle normale haute, pression artérielle normale, Afrique. Mesh terms were: Prehypertension, Africa. Results: Twenty-seven articles were selected. Prevalence of prehypertension ranged from 2.5% to 34% in children and adolescents. In adults, prevalence varied from 32.9% to 56.8%. Several factors were associated with prehypertension in Africa. These factors included: age; sex; lifestyle such as smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, overweight and obesity. There were also cardiometabolic factors and few others factors which were associated with prehypertension. Conclusion: This review allowed us to observe that the prevalence of prehypertension was variable according to age of the population and prehypertension is associated with several factors.

Renoncement aux soins pour raisons financières des femmes d'un quartier périurbain d'Abidjan en Côte d'Ivoire.

INTRODUCTION: Cessation of care for financial reasons is an indicator of the affordability of care. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to identify the determinants of the renunciation of care for financial reasons among women in a peri-urban area of Abidjan. METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2019 among women aged 18 years and over in Anonkoi 3 in the north of Abidjan. The socio-demographic, economic, health status and health care abandonment characteristics were collected using a questionnaire. The associations between the renunciation of care for financial reasons and women’s characteristics were measured using logistic regression models with a 5% risk. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 423 women with a median age of 28 ± 11 years. Only 30% of them had health insurance. The rate of financial reasons for discontinuing care was 59.1%. This renunciation was more pronounced for the purchase of drugs, biological examinations, dental care, and surgical procedures. The number of dependent (P = 0.035), young age (P ≤ 0.035), low level of education (P = 0.024), low level of income (P ≤ 0.004) and the absence of an associative life (P = 0.004) and perceived poor health (P = 0.021) were identified as determinants of the renunciation of care for financial reasons. CONCLUSION: Empowerment, literacy, health education for women and adherence to universal health coverage should help to remove the financial barrier to women’s access to care.

Personal hygiene in schools: retrospective survey in the northern part of Côte d'Ivoire.

INTRODUCTION: Students' personal hygiene helps maintain health and promote good academic performance. When health facilities are insufficient, this hygiene can be difficult to achieve. We wanted to analyse the determinants of personal hygiene in schools in the northern region of Côte d'Ivoire. METHODS: The retrospective cross-sectional study brings together data on 2,035 schoolchildren recruited from thirty schools in northern Côte d'Ivoire. Indexes on personal hygiene were constructed and analysed in comparison to the socio-demographic characteristics of students, homes and schools. They were analysed with R Software version 1.1.463, the χ2 test and a logistic regression model. RESULTS: Overall, the majority of students had good personal hygiene (82.75%) with an average personal hygiene score of 4.74 ± 1.36. The predictors of good personal hygiene among schoolchildren were female gender (OR = 1.5; 95% CI = 4.31-16.37), father's primary education level (OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.07-2.29), the father's income level above 60,000 FCFA (90 Euros) and modern housing (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.05-2.03). However, the poor level of home sanitation resulted in poor personal hygiene among the students (OR = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.23-0.5). CONCLUSIONS: Measures to raise the standard of living of families and the provision of sanitary facilities in homes becomes necessary in order to improve students personal hygiene.