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1.
Psychol Rep ; 126(2): 897-917, 2023 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34903102

ABSTRACT

The relationships between the temporal focus of mind-wandering (i.e., past-oriented and future-oriented mind-wandering) and well-being are important issues for adolescents, which may have significant implications on their well-being and self-identity development. However, few studies tested the temporal focus of mind-wandering and its emotional consequences in adolescents. In the present study, we conducted two studies using self-reported questionnaires from large sample sets to examine the relationships between the temporal focus of mind-wandering and hedonic (pleasure attainment) and eudaimonic (meaning pursuing) well-being among Chinese adolescents. Study 1 preliminarily tested the relationships between the temporal focus of mind-wandering and hedonic well-being among adolescents (n = 1273) suggesting that both past-oriented mind-wandering (PMW) and future-oriented mind-wandering (FMW) were positively correlated with hedonic well-being. Study 2 used a new sample (n = 986) and included another aspect of well-being (i.e., eudaimonic well-being), showing that PMW and FMW were both positively correlated with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Moreover, self-reflection mediated the relationships between FMW and hedonic/eudaimonic well-being, whereas self-reflection did not act as a mediator in the relationships between PMW and well-being. The present findings indicated that both PMW and FMW are beneficial for Chinese adolescents' well-being, and emphasized the mediating role of self-reflection in the relationships between FMW and well-being.


Subject(s)
Attention , Pleasure , Adolescent , Humans , East Asian People , Emotions , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Front Neurosci ; 17: 1288484, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38292894

ABSTRACT

Background: Insomnia has become increasingly prevalent in modern society and is notoriously difficult to treat. Many patients exhibit a poor response to pharmacological interventions. Stellate ganglion block (SGB) has emerged as an effective method for managing insomnia; however, its efficacy may be compromised in some patients, primarily due to a variant vertebral artery anatomy. Case presentation: This case report describes a patient with severe insomnia accompanied by anxiety. Through cervical ultrasound scanning, we identified richly branched cervical arteries at the C6-C7 segment of the vertebral artery, along with anatomical variations, which could pose a heightened risk for the traditional SGB procedure. Therefore, after carefully adjusting the patient's positioning, we proceeded with ultrasound-guided SGB using a lateral paravein out-of-plane approach. Clinical signs of successful insomnia symptoms alleviation were consistently observed after each block utilizing this alternative technique multiple times in a single patient. Conclusion: Our report reveals a new lateral paravein out-of-plane approach for ultrasound-guided SGB to treat insomnia, which might be considered an alternative method. More studies should be carried out to confirm the efficacy of this new approach.

3.
Biosci Rep ; 40(5)2020 05 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32285913

ABSTRACT

Neuropathic pain is a kind of chronic pain that is triggered or caused primarily by damage to the nervous system and neurological dysfunction. It's known that dexmedetomidine is a new type of highly selective alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedation, anti-anxiety, analgesic and other effects. However, the function and mechanism of dexmedetomidine on neuropathic pain are not clear. Rat DRG neurons were isolated and identified using immunofluorescence assay. Following treatment with H2O2, dexmedetomidine or ROS inhibitor (NAC), the apoptosis and ROS levels were examined by flow cytometery; apoptosis- and anaerobic glycolysis-related proteins were determined by Western blot assay; glucose consumption, pyruvic acid, lactic acid and ATP/ADP ratios were also measured. The results revealed that dexmedetomidine inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat DRG neurons and in addition, dexmedetomidine down-regulated the expression levels of anaerobic glycolysis-related proteins, significantly reduced glucose, pyruvic acid and lactic acid levels. It also increased the ATP/ADP ratio in H2O2-treated rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Moreover, we also demonstrated that ROS inhibitor (NAC) also inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis and anaerobic glycolysis in rat DRG neurons. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine suppressed H2O2-induced apoptosis and anaerobic glycolysis activity by inhibiting ROS, in rat DRG neurons. Therefore, dexmedetomidine might play a pivotal role in neuropathic pain by the inhibition of ROS.


Subject(s)
Dexmedetomidine/pharmacology , Glycolysis/drug effects , Neuralgia/drug therapy , Neurons/drug effects , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Acetylcysteine/pharmacology , Anaerobiosis/drug effects , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Dexmedetomidine/therapeutic use , Disease Models, Animal , Ganglia, Spinal/cytology , Glucose/analysis , Glucose/metabolism , Humans , Hydrogen Peroxide/toxicity , Neuralgia/chemically induced , Neuralgia/pathology , Neurons/pathology , Primary Cell Culture , Rats , Reactive Oxygen Species/antagonists & inhibitors
4.
Oxid Med Cell Longev ; 2019: 9426368, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31827710

ABSTRACT

Patients with orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) frequently develop acute gut injury (AGI), and dexmedetomidine (Dex) has been reported to exert a protective effect against AGI. We investigated whether Dex protects against AGI through antioxidative stress effects by the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidative signaling pathway. Rats were randomly allocated into a sham group and six orthotopic autologous liver transplantation (OALT) groups receiving different doses of Dex together with/without α 2-adrenergic receptor (AR) blockers. Intestinal tissues were collected to visualize the barrier damage and to measure the indexes of oxidative stress. For in vitro studies, rat intestinal recess epithelial cells (IEC-6) underwent hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), and the protective role of Dex was evaluated after α 2A-AR siRNA silencing. OALT resulted in increased oxidative stress, significant intestinal injury, and barrier dysfunction. Dex attenuated OALT-induced oxidative stress and intestinal injury, which was abolished by the pretreatment with the nonspecific α 2A-AR siRNA blocker atipamezole and the specific α 2A-AR siRNA blocker BRL-44408, but not by the specific 2B/C-AR siRNA blocker ARC239. Silencing of α 2A-AR siRNA also attenuated the protective role of Dex on alleviating oxidative stress in IEC-6 cells subjected to H/R. Dex exerted its protective effects by activating Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidative signaling. Collectively, Dex attenuates OALT-induced AGI via α 2A-AR-dependent suppression of oxidative stress, which might be a novel potential therapeutic target for OALT-induced AGI.


Subject(s)
Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists/pharmacology , Dexmedetomidine/pharmacology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/prevention & control , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/metabolism , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Diseases/pathology , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/chemistry , Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/genetics
5.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 98(29): e16416, 2019 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31335690

ABSTRACT

Occupational exposure remains a serious problem for medical staff, especially those working in operation rooms. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is prevalent in patients undergoing surgery, and anesthesiologists are at risk of occupational acquisition of blood-borne HBV infection. To the best of our knowledge, there are no data about HBV prevalence and vaccinations, as well as attitudes toward sharp injuries and gloving among anesthesiologists in China, where the HBV prevalence is high. To clarify these, the present study was conducted.An electronic questionnaire including HBV markers, gloving during practice, and reporting patterns of sharp injuries was created and sent to anesthesiologists.After excluding 10 uncompleted questionnaires, 1739 questionnaires were included in the final analysis. Of all analyzed anesthesiologists, 1599 (91.9%) had experienced sharp injuries, and 1313 (75.5%) had experienced >1 sharp injury. Considering HBV vaccination histories, 1381 anesthesiologists (79.4%) received 3 vaccination doses, and only half of the immunized anesthesiologists received reminder HBV vaccination doses after work before exposure. There were 696 anesthesiologists (40.0% of all participants) who were ever exposed to HBV, and nearly two-thirds of them (440) were exposed to HBV more than once. There was a more positive attitude toward gloving and double-gloving to reduce HBV exposure.The incidence of occupational HBV exposure among anesthesiologists is high, and its threat should be considered. HBV vaccinations and adherence to postexposure guidelines are recommended. The high prevalence of sharp injuries during anesthesia practice highlights the importance of safe anesthesia practices, such as gloving or double-gloving, especially when in contact with high-risk body fluids.


Subject(s)
Anesthesiologists/statistics & numerical data , Attitude of Health Personnel , Hepatitis B , Occupational Exposure , Occupational Injuries , Risk Management/organization & administration , Adult , China/epidemiology , Female , Hepatitis B/epidemiology , Hepatitis B/prevention & control , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Needs Assessment , Occupational Exposure/analysis , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Occupational Injuries/classification , Occupational Injuries/prevention & control , Personal Protective Equipment , Risk Assessment/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vaccination/statistics & numerical data
6.
Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi ; 16(6): 574-7, 2013 Jun.
Article in Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23801214

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of titrated target-controlled infusion with propofol and remifentanil on anesthetics consumption and anesthesia depth in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery. METHODS: Sixty ASA I-III patients for elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery were enrolled. Titrated target-controlled infusion (TCI) with propofol and remifentanil was performed. Plasma concentration of the drugs was administered by titrated method to maintain bispectral index (BIS) in the range of 40-60 with systolic blood pressure (SBP) fluctuation within 20% of the basic value. BIS, SBP, plasma concentration of propofol and remifentanil were recorded at different time points. Awareness during operation was inquired postoperatively. RESULTS: During the entire anesthesia period, the blood pressure was stable and BIS was maintained less than 60. There was no awareness during operation. The plasma concentrations (95% confidence interval) for TCI of propofol and remifentanil were 2.55-2.65 mg/L and 4.09-4.26 µg/L respectively when existing surgical stimulation during anesthesia, and the plasma target concentration of propofol was lower than the recommended dosages. CONCLUSION: Titrated target-controlled infusions with propofol and remifentanil for elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery can maintain proper anesthesia depth and reduce the drug consumption.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Intravenous/methods , Colorectal Surgery , Laparoscopy , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anesthetics, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Electroencephalography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Piperidines/administration & dosage , Propofol/administration & dosage , Remifentanil
7.
Chin Med J (Engl) ; 124(23): 3997-4001, 2011 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22340331

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Difficult airway remains not only a challenge to the anesthesiologists, but also a life-threatening event to the patients. Awake intubation is the principal choice to deal with difficult airway, and a key point for awake intubation is airway topical anesthesia. Yet, so far there is no ideal topical anesthesia approach for awake intubation. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of pressure-driven (by 10 L/min oxygen flow) lidocaine spray on airway topical anesthesia in order to find a powerful and convenient method for airway topical anesthesia for conscious sedation intubation. METHODS: Thirty adult patients referred for elective surgery under general anesthesia, aged 18 - C60 years and Mallampati class I or II, were recruited for the study. Before topical anesthesia, the observer's assessment of alert and sedation (OAA/S) scale was controlled between 3 and 4 by intravenous midazolam (0.03 mg/kg), propofol (2 mg×kg(-1)×h(-1)) and remifentanil (0.05 µg×kg(-1)×min(-1)). Ten minutes after sedation, topical anesthesia was performed with the pressure-driven lidocaine spray; the driving pressure was achieved by an oxygen flow of 10 L/min. After topical anesthesia, tracheal intubation was performed and the intubation condition was assessed with modified the Erhan's intubation condition score by an experienced anesthesiologist, and a score of less than 10 was considered to be satisfactory. Attempts to intubate the patient were recorded, and the complications such as local anesthetic toxicity, mucosa injury, and respiration depression were also recorded. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded at different time points before and after intubation. Patients were asked 24 hours after the operation whether they could recall the events during intubation. RESULTS: All patients were intubated at the first attempt, the average intubation condition score was 7.0 ± 1.1, from 6 to 10, satisfied intubation condition. MAP and HR increased significantly but mildly immediately after the tracheal intubation (P < 0.05), and decreased to the pre-intubation level soon after intubation. There were no related complications and patients had no recall of the intubation procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Topical anesthesia with pressure driven 2% lidocaine spray, where pressure is achieved by 10 L/min oxygen flow, can offer satisfactory intubation conditions for conscious sedation intubation.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Local/methods , Conscious Sedation/methods , Intubation, Intratracheal/methods , Lidocaine/administration & dosage , Lidocaine/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult
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