ABSTRACT
Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "Downregulating long non-coding RNA CCAT5 inhibits tumor growth, invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer through suppressing STAT3, by Y. Wang, X.-L. Yan, S.-K. Tian, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (18): 7899-7904-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201909_19001-PMID: 31599415" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/19001.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Recent researches have proved that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in tumorigenesis. In this research, lncRNA CCAT5 was explored to identify its role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was utilized to measure CCAT5 expression of CRC tissues. Besides, function assays including wound healing assay and transwell assay were conducted. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were used to explore the underlying mechanism. RESULTS: By comparison with CCAT5 expression in adjacent tissues, the CCAT5 expression level was significantly higher in CRC samples. Moreover, after CCAT5 was downregulated, cell migration and cell invasion of CRC cells were suppressed. Besides, after knockdown of CCAT5, the mRNA and protein expression of STAT3 was repressed. Furthermore, it was found that STAT3 expression was positively correlated to CCAT5 expression in CRC tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that CCAT5 could promote cell migration and invasion of CRC by upregulating STAT3, which may offer a potential therapeutic target in CRC.
Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Down-Regulation , Gene Knockdown Techniques , HCT116 Cells , HT29 Cells , Humans , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Metastasis , RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
A highly efficient synthetic method for the trans-tetrahydrofuran (THF) ring building block was established and the title compound was synthesized in 19 steps from trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene via a convergent route with a Wittig reaction as the key step.