The complete genomic sequence of Sugarcane mosaic virus from Canna spp. in China.

BACKGROUND: Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is the prevalent virus inducing maize dwarf mosaic and sugarcane mosaic diseases in China. According to the phylogenetic results of the complete genomic and coat protein gene sequences, SCMV was divided into four or five molecular groups, respectively. Previously, we detected SCMV isolates of group SO from Canna spp. in Ji'nan, Shandong province, China. FINDINGS: In this study, we collected two SCMV isolates infecting Canna spp. in Ji'nan (Canna-Ji'nan) and Tai'an (Canna-Tai'an) of Shandong, China. Their complete genome sequences had genome of 9576 nucleotides and contained a large open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of 3063 amino acids. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the both Canna-Ji'nan and Canna-Tai'an were clustered into an independent group based on the complete genome sequence. CONCLUSION: In this study, we report the complete genome sequences of SCMV infecting Canna spp. from Ji'nan and Tai'an. This is the first report on SCMV belonging to SO group.

Molecular diversity of tobacco vein banding mosaic virus.

Tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV) is of increasing importance in tobacco production on the Chinese mainland. The 3'-terminal genomic sequences (1624 nucleotides) of 12 TVBMV isolates from China were determined and compared to the sequences of only four TVBMV isolates available in databanks. The results revealed that TVBMV consists of several phylogenetically distinguishable strains that show a degree of correlation with the geographical origin. Two isolates from Yunnan had a unique putative NIb/CP proteolytic cleavage site of Q/N that is uncommon for potyviruses, whereas other TVBMV isolates had the more typical Q/G amino acids at that site. One isolate (ZB6) from Zibo, Shandong Province, was predicted to have experienced recombination within the characterized genomic region.

4-(N-Hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino)benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(11)H(16)N(4)OS, the phenyl ring and the thiosemicarbazone moiety from a dihedral angle of 7.7 (1) degrees. The crystal structure is governed by N-H.O and O-H.S hydrogen bonds leading to the formation of a two-dimensional network.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Second-Order Optical Nonlinearity of Bis(2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone)cadmium Halides (CdL(2)X(2); X = Br, I).

The new Schiff base ligand 2-chlorobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (L, 1) has been synthesized and characterized by spectral techniques and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Crystals of 1 are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n with a = 12.964(4) Å, b = 5.131(5) Å, c = 4.970(1) Å, beta = 94.32(2) degrees, and Z = 4. The thiosemicarbazone moiety adopts a configuration with N(1) cis to N(3) and places the E configuration about both the bonds C(1)-N(2) and C(2)-N(3). The monodentate behavior of the neutral ligand (L) has been investigated in two cadmium halides CdL(2) Br(2) (2) and CdL(2)I(2) (3). Compound 2 crystallizes in space group Cc witha = 8.175(1) Å, b = 14.176(1) Å, c = 21.073(1) Å, beta = 94.02(1) degrees, and Z = 4. Compound 3 crystallizes in space group P&onemacr; with a = 10.9577(1) Å, b = 16.174(1) Å, c = 7.878(1) Å, alpha = 100.50(1) degrees, beta = 109.39(1) degrees, gamma = 83.67(1) degrees, and Z = 2. The coordination geometry about the cadmium(II) atom in compound 2 conforms to a tetrahedral configuration with two sulfur atoms from two unequivalent neutral ligands and two bromide atoms. Whereas the coordination geometry about the cadmium(II) atom in compound 3 is (4 + 1) distorted trigonal bipyramidal with two iodide atoms and one sulfur atom in the equatorial plane, the other thiosemicarbazone sulfur and the iodide atom I(1a) of an adjacent moiety occupy the axial positions. Compound 2 exhibits powder SHG efficiencies ca. 20 times that of urea, whereas compound 3 does not exhibit any SHG efficiency. Theory and experiment suggested that intermolecular contact is the main factor controlling the SHG efficiencies of compounds.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of a Novel Copper(II) Complex with an Asymmetric Coordinated 2,2'-Bipyridine Derivative: A Model for the Associative Complex in the Ligand-Substitution Reactions of [Cu(tren)L](2+)?

The titled compound, (tris(2-aminoethyl)amine)(4,5-diazafluoren-9-one) copper(II) perchlorate, [Cu(C(6)H(18)N(4))(C(11)H(6)N(2)O)(ClO(4))(2)], 1, has been designed, synthesized, and characterized. The electronic and ESR spectra are very different from those of [Cu(tren)L](2+) complexes where L is monodentate ligand. The X-ray analysis revealed that the complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, with a = 10.726(6) Å, b = 14.921(7) Å, c = 14.649(4) Å, beta = 95.13(3) degrees, and Z = 4. The copper(II) ion is coordinated by four nitrogen atoms from tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (tren) and two nitrogen atoms from 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (dzf) to form an unusual six-coordinate (4 + 1 + 1') geometry. The structure is very rare, and to our knowledge, it is the first example of an asymmetric bidentate phenanthroline derivative metal complex. The structure could be used as a model of the associative complex in the ligand-exchange and ligand-substitution reactions of [Cu(tren)L](2+) and the catalytic mechanisms of enzymes involving copper sites. From the electronic and variable-temperature ESR spectra in solution, the possible mechanism of these reactions has also been proposed. As a comparison, the complex [Cu(tren)(ImH)(ClO(4))(2)], 2, was also synthesized and characterized, where ImH is imidazole.