ABSTRACT
The production of synthetic materials - fiberglass and rubber-technical products, as well as products derived from oil refining wastes continues to grow. A characteristic feature of the working conditions of these enterprises is the content of chemicals of hazard class 1-4, which may be potentially hazardous to workers. It imperative to justify prenosological laboratory criteria for health problems of manufacturing workers. The results of the hematological, biochemical, immunological and cytochemical parameters among manufacturing workers are presented. Significant changes in the processes of oxidative metabolism, lipid metabolism, impaired immune status, and intracellular enzyme activity were found in a significant proportion of the workers. Changes were detected in workers even with a short work experience (5 years) and of young age (20-30 years). With an increase in the occupational length of service, the frequency of these disorders increased. Based on the results obtained, early diagnostic and prognostic criteria for health disorders in workers of diverse chemical industries are substantiated. Based on the results obtained, early diagnostic and prognostic criteria for health disorders in workers of diverse chemical industries are substantiated. For rubber manufacturing workers: increased malonic dialdehyde, reduced catalase activity, the activity of catalase is lowering; increased enzymes activity (AST, ALT, GGT), protein abnormalities, erythropenia, decreased hemoglobin levels, increased reticulocyte. For fiber glass manufacturing workers: indicators of the oxidative antioxidant system, hemograms - increased lymphocytes, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, increased CD3 +, increased CD4 +, CD 16+, CD 20 +, FAL, IgG, increased total protein, hyperfermentemia (GGT, ALT), changes in the intracellular enzymes activity - acid phosphatase of neutrophils and lymphocytes, decreased myeloperoxidase, increased glycogen levels. For olefin oxides manufacturing workers - this is hyperfermentemia (ALT, alkaline phosphatase), protein metabolism changes, increased red blood cells, reticulocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, platelets, leucopenia, decreased FAL, increased IgM, decreased IgA, IgG, changes in the intracellular enzymes activity - decrease myeloperoxidase, increase acid phosphatase of neutrophils and lymphocytes.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Early Diagnosis , Humans , Leukocyte Count , PrognosisABSTRACT
This paper reviews the results of complex laboratory examinations among workers manufacturing fiber glass. The most pronounced and early changes in oxidative metabolism processes (reduced catalase activity, increased malonic dialdehyde) and rates of blood serum lipid metabolism indicators were determined, increased values of leukocyte indices of intoxication, violations in the immune status. Changes were detected in workers even with a small length of service (5 years) and young age (20-30 years). With increasing length of service in the workplace, the frequency of these violations increased.Based on the data obtained we have developed laboratory markers that are suitable for diagnosing early preclinical disorders among fiber glass manufacturing workers.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Homeostasis , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Biomarkers/blood , Humans , Oxidative StressABSTRACT
In chemical manufacturing along with alimentary factors, workers are exposed to occupational hazards resulting in reduced antitoxic protective properties of the organism. The purpose of the present work was to develop a preventive method for reducing antitoxic functions of the body of healthy workers exposed to chemical factors. We have produced the drink containing carrot juice, honey, olive oil. The study involved 50 employees (the average age was 37.4±5.5 years) with experience of over 15 years. The main group (25 people) were workers with reduced antitoxic function who received the drink before each day's work shift for 10 days, the control group - workers with normal anti-toxic function, which did not take a drink. It was found that antioxidant drink intake by healthy employees of a chemical complex lead to the decrease of the level of molecules of average mass at λ=254 nm and at λ=280 nm by 15.1±7.2%, the activity of gammaglutamyl transferase - by 19.1%, alaninaminotransferase - by 44.1%, aspartataminotrans-ferase - by 34.7% (indicators of the syndrome of endogenous intoxication), the decrease of the content of malondialdehyde (as an indicator of an excessive accumulation of products of lipid peroxidation) - by 43.8%, while the activity of catalase, that indicates an increase in the antitoxic functions of the organism, increased by 37.5%.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/administration & dosage , Beverages , Chemical Industry , Malondialdehyde/blood , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Oxidoreductases/blood , Adult , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
In the paper there are reported the results of the performance of hygiene assessment of working conditions in petrochemical industry. The studies have shown that workers' body is exposed to a complex of hazardous occupational factors including a chemical factor, noise, the severity and intensity of the working process. An overall assessment of working conditions corresponds to Class 3.3.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants, Occupational/adverse effects , Chemical Industry , Hygiene , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Risk Assessment/methods , Humans , Morbidity/trends , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Tatarstan/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The article presents results of complex laboratory analyses applied to workers of rubber articles industry using biochemical, hematological, immunological techniques. The study established the most expressed and early alterations of processes of oxidative metabolism (decreasing of catalase activity, increasing of level of malonic dialdehyde and uric acid) and indicators of lipid metabolism of blood serum. The increasing of percentage of persons with metabolic disorders related to length of service in industry is established. In examined workers signs of anemia (erythropenia, decreasing of level of hemoglobin) and leukopenia were detected. The imbalance of T-cell component (CD+ CD4+), accompanied by alteration of phagocyte activity and defect of humoral component with increasing of level of IgM and decreasing of level of IgA. The coefficients of diagnostic sensitivity of analyzed laboratory tests were established. The most significant laboratory markers permit diagnosing early metabolic disorders and degree of their expressiveness in workers of rubber articles industry.
ABSTRACT
Studies of metabolic processes in petrochemical production workers revealed activation of lipid peroxidation, depressed antioxidant system, altered intracellular metabolism, high prevalence of dyslipidemia and increased serum enzymes levels. The metabolic changes of cellular and subcellular levels were seen in asymptomatic individuals--that supports value of laboratory tests in diagnosis of pathologic processes in petrochemical production workers.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Hematologic Tests , Occupational Diseases/metabolism , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Petroleum/adverse effects , Adult , Biomarkers/metabolism , Early Diagnosis , Humans , Male , Maximum Allowable Concentration , Occupational Diseases/enzymology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Russia , WorkforceABSTRACT
Thorough biochemic and hematologic studies covered workers engaged into various petrochemical industry branches. Lipid metabolism changes were seen in most examinees, the authors determined the most informative laboratory values to diagnose preclinical health disorders in the workers.
Subject(s)
Extraction and Processing Industry , Hemoglobins/metabolism , Lipids/blood , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Blood Cell Count , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation , Occupational Diseases/blood , Reproducibility of ResultsSubject(s)
Syphilis/blood , Thyroid Gland/physiopathology , Thyroid Hormones/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Biomarkers/blood , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Dust/adverse effects , Kidney/metabolism , Liver/metabolism , Lung/metabolism , Metals/toxicity , Administration, Inhalation , Animals , Catalysis , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Rats , Tissue ExtractsABSTRACT
Thorough clinical studies covering the workers engaged into chlorphenol production prove that prophylactic course of oxymethacyl results in long immune stimulation and antioxidant activity in the body. These properties make the medication essential for treatment and prophylaxis of intoxications of occupational and ecologic origin, as their underlying mechanisms are associated with prooxidant effects.