ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of the evaluation of the most significant risk factors related to lifestyle and health of medical students of different courses andfaculties. The obtained data testify that out of the total number of factors that have a significant influence on the formation of bases of student's healthy lifestyle and health, the most typical are the mode of employment, the total workload, material well-being, living conditions of the majority of today's students, as well as the conditions of nutrition, physical activity, the presence or absence of such factors as smoking, frequency of consumption of alcoholic beverages.
Subject(s)
Healthy Lifestyle , Students/psychology , Universities/standards , Adult , Female , Health Behavior , Health Status Disparities , Humans , Hygiene/standards , Male , Russia/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Teaching/organization & administration , Teaching/standardsABSTRACT
A comprehensive anthropometric and bioelectrical study of 651 women of mature age (relative norm) aged 22 to 55 years living in the Moscow region, was conducted. The somatotyping was performed according to I.B. Galant-V.P. Chtetzov-B.A. Ni kitiuk scheme. The quantitative distribution of women according to their somatotypological characteristics was obtained, the anthropometric peculiarities and the specific features of body composition in women belonging to different somatotypes were determined. It was found that among the women of mature age studied, mesoplastic (26.9%) and stenoplastici (16.7%) somatotypes were dominant. The least frequently encountered were the representatives of asthenic (1.7%) and athletic (5.2%) somatic types. Women of different somatotypes vary significantly in height and weight and other anthropometric parameters.
Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Body Height/physiology , Body Weight/physiology , Somatotypes/physiology , Adult , Body Mass Index , Body Surface Area , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Moscow , Skinfold Thickness , Young AdultABSTRACT
In the article the psycho-pedagogical and physiological-hygienic aspects of improvement of student's learning in radiation hygiene at the Health-prophylactic Faculty of the medical institution within a framework of the requirements of the new Federal State Educational Standard -3 are considered.
Subject(s)
Hygiene/education , Problem-Based Learning , Radiation Injuries/prevention & control , Radiation Monitoring/methods , Radiation Protection/methods , Students, Medical , Humans , Problem-Based Learning/methods , Problem-Based Learning/organization & administration , Russia , Schools, Medical , Students, Medical/psychologyABSTRACT
The paper considers the hygienic aspects of optimization of daily and weekly time budgets, the formation of healthy lifestyle choices in 10th-to-11th-form pupils from the vocational guidance classes of comprehensive secondary schools during intensified school lessons and adaptation of first-year students.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological/physiology , Educational Measurement , Educational Technology/methods , Students/psychology , Time Management , Vocational Education , Adolescent , Educational Status , Health Status , Humans , Russia , Schools , Universities , Vocational Education/methods , Vocational Education/organization & administrationABSTRACT
The paper considers the topical hygienic aspects of education and adaptation improvement in senior (fourth-year) medical students from the Faculty of Medical Prevention.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Educational Measurement/standards , Health Status , Hygiene/standards , Social Adjustment , Students, Medical/psychology , Adult , Attitude to Health , Female , Health Promotion , Humans , Male , Russia , Socioeconomic Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
The paper historically considers the impact of social differentiation on the physical development of children and adolescents. It analyzes the scientific contribution of Prof. Lev Abramovich Syrkin (1894-1951) to the formation and development of a system for anthropometric studies in Russia in the first half of the twentieth century (1920s to 1950s), to the elaboration of principles in the standardization of tools, and to the unification of anthropometric studies and standards for the physical development of preschool and school children.
Subject(s)
Adolescent Development , Anthropometry/history , Anthropometry/methods , Child Development , Adolescent , Child , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , USSRABSTRACT
Different aspects of evolvement and development of university hygiene in this country are considered. The first studies on learning environment, living conditions and health status of students were conducted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in main Russian scientific centres. Researchers and specialists of their hygiene departments greatly contributed to the development of this discipline. Systematic studies date back to the foundation of the university hygiene laboratory at I.M.Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. Today the laboratory focuses on the complex problem "Lifestyle and health status of main participants of the educational process, students and professors".
Subject(s)
Academies and Institutes/history , Education, Medical/history , Hygiene/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Hygiene/education , MoscowABSTRACT
Ninety-seven pupils from the 10th-to-11th classes formed on a competitive basis for intensive education, for forming motivation for future medical profession were examined using a set of psychophysiological tests that could evaluate the central nervous and cardiovascular systems, psychophysiological adaptation, task performance, and personality traits. The vast majority of the examinees were found to follow the hygienic recommendation of the day regimen, which corresponded to the principles of healthy lifestyle. In 99% of the pupils, mental capacity was rated as fair (66%) and high (33%), as evidenced by psychophysiological testing. Fifty-six per cent of the examinees were observed to have mental adaptive disorders that might reflect age-related psychological immaturity in them at the completing stage of schooling.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological/physiology , Education, Medical , Educational Measurement/methods , Health Status , Hygiene/standards , Life Style , Mental Competency/psychology , Students/psychology , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , RussiaABSTRACT
Mental health indices were studied in a representative sample comprising young persons aged 16 to 25 years. Senior schoolchildren in their early teens were ascertained to have neurotic symptoms more frequently than students at older age. When the manifestations of mental stress were less evident, senior students at the age of 22-25 years were found to have a negative trend of social adaptive indices as their achievement dissatisfaction, frustration, and anxiety for further professional carrier and social security, which leads to interpersonal conflicts, unstable familial relations, alcoholization, and intake of psychoactive substances. The findings of the high prevalence of neurotic disorders among young individuals suggest that it is necessary to implement active psychopreventive measures.
