ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We have performed the direct and network meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted (RARC) versus laparoscopic (LRC) versus open radical cystectomy (ORC) for bladder cancer (BCa). METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase was performed up until Dec 20, 2019. Outcome indexes include oncologic outcomes (the recurrence rate, mortality), pathologic outcomes (lymph node yield (LNY), positive lymph node (PLN), positive surgical margins (PSM)), perioperative outcomes (operating time (OP), estimated blood loss (EBL), blood transfusion rate, the length of hospital stay (LOS) and the time to regular diet) and postoperative 90-day complications. RESULTS: We have analyzed 6 RCTs, 23 prospective studies, and 25 retrospective studies (54 articles: 6382 patients). On one hand, the direct meta-analysis shows RARC is better than LRC or ORC. On the other hand, the clinical effects of the recurrence rate, Morbidity, PSM, LNY, PLN, and postoperative 90-day complications of RARC, LRC and ORC are all no statistical significance by network meta-analysis. Moreover, the probability rank shows that the comprehensive rank of RARC is better than LRC or ORC. The clinical effects of OP, EBL, LOS, blood transfusion rate and the time to regular diet are all statistical significance by network meta-analysis. There are ORCâ>âLRCâ>âRARC in the EBL ranking. Patients with RARC exhibited a decrease of LOS compared to those with LRC or ORC. Patients with RARC exhibited a decrease in blood transfusion rate and the time to regular diet compared to those with ORC. Patients with ORC exhibited an increase of OP compared to those with RARC or LRC. The heterogeneity tests of most studies areâ<â50%. Most studies have no publication bias and the quality of the selected studies is good. CONCLUSION: The direct meta-analysis and network meta-analysis suggest that RARC is better than LRC or ORC according to comprehensive analysis. However, we need a large sample size and more high-quality studies to verify and improve in the further.
Subject(s)
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Bayes Theorem , Cystectomy , Humans , Laparoscopy , Robotic Surgical ProceduresABSTRACT
The investigator raised the possibility that the authors hadn't conducted the research. Therefore, the entire article has been retracted in accordance with this journal's policy and Editorial decision.
ABSTRACT
This article was initially published on the Journal of Breast Cancer with a misspelled name of the second author.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Breast , RNAABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 1 (PP4R1), as an interaction partner of the catalytic serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit has been shown to involve in cellular processes and nuclear factor kappaB signaling. However, the functions of PP4R1 in human breast cancers remain unclear. This study is designed to explore the effect of PP4R1 knockdown on the biological characteristics of breast cancer cells. METHODS: A lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was designed to knockdown the expression of PP4R1 in ZR-75-30 breast cancer cells. The efficiency of lentivirus-mediated shRNA infection was determined using fluorescence microscopy to observe lentivirus-mediated green fluorescent protein expression and confirmed to be over 80%. PP4R1 expression in infected ZR-75-30 cells was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation and colony formation ability were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation assay, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to measure cell cycle progression and cell apoptosis. In addition, apoptosis makers, including poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3, were investigated in PP4R1-silenced ZR-75-30 cells by western blot assay. RESULTS: We successfully constructed lentivirus-mediated shRNA to target PP4R1 in ZR-75-30 cells. MTT assay and colony formation assay showed the loss of PP4R1 suppressed the proliferation of ZR-75-30 cells. Flow cytometry analysis indicated cell cycle arrest and increased cell apoptosis in PP4R1 knockdown cells. Further, the apoptosis response in cells depleted of PP4R1 was illustrated by downregulation of PARP and upregulation of caspase-3. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that PP4R1 could promote breast cancer cell proliferation and might play a vital role in breast cancer occurrence.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Blotting, Western , Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Caspase 3 , Catalytic Domain , Cell Cycle , Cell Cycle Checkpoints , Cell Proliferation , Down-Regulation , Flow Cytometry , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Population Characteristics , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA , RNA, Small Interfering , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
0.05) . Operation time and bleeding in group A were significantly less than those in group B( P
