ABSTRACT
Malignant lymphoma is a lymphoreticular malignancy with considerable geographic variation. The objective of the present study was to provide a preliminary report on patients with head and neck non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in a selected Iranian population. In a retrospective review from 1981 through 2001, all cases of NHL occurring in the head and neck region were selected. Histological slides were reviewed and classified according to the Working Formulation. Clinical data including patients' age, sex, initial anatomic site of disease and presenting symptoms were also recorded. Information on 381 cases of NHL was retrieved from the archived medical records; 281 cases were nodal and 100 extranodal. The mean age of the patients with nodal and extranodal disease was 39.3 and 47.7 years, respectively. A significant difference in gender was noted in the nodal group (P<0.001), but not in the extranodal cases. The most common site of involvement in the extranodal subjects was Waldayer's ring. According to histopathologic evaluation, 72% of the specimens were intermediate-, 14% were high-, and 12% were low-grade malignancies. Considering the relative frequency of head and neck lymphoma, establishment of a uniform reporting method seems necessary in order to compare different reports from various populations.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/epidemiology , Oropharynx/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/classification , Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Iran/epidemiology , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/classification , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Carcinogenesis is accompanied by a number of changes in the adjacent stroma including the appearance of myofibroblasts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the presence of myofibroblasts in normal mucosa, oral epithelial dysplasia, and different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: The study sample consisted of three groups, including 40 oral squamous cell carcinomas, 15 dysplasias, and 15 sections of normal oral epithelium. Vimentin, desmin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin were used to identify myofibroblasts. RESULTS: The percentage and intensity of alpha-smooth muscle actin were examined, and positive immunostaining was observed in the myofibroblasts of all squamous cell carcinomas; however these cells did not stain in the dysplasias or normal epithelium specimens. The presence of myofibroblasts was significantly higher in oral squamous cell carcinomas compared to both, dysplasias and normal mucosa cases (P < 0.001). A significant difference was not observed between the different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (P = 0.2). CONCLUSIONS: These findings show the presence of myofibroblasts in the stroma of oral squamous cell carcinoma but not dysplasia and normal mucosa, suggesting further investigation to clarify the role of myofibroblasts in the carcinogenesis of this tumor.
