Comparative Evaluation of Fluoride Release from Four Commercially Available Pediatric Dental Restorative Materials.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fluoride-releasing abilities of commercially available restorative materials such as-Activa™ BioActive-restorative™ material, Zirconomer (Shofu Inc), Beautifil® II (Shofu Inc), GC Gold Label 9 high strength posterior restorative glass ionomer cement (GIC Corp). Materials and methods: A total of 40 disk specimens (10 of each material) were placed into distilled/deionized (DI) water and the fluoride release was measured for 30 days. Fluoride ion measurement was performed at the end of the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 30th day under normal atmospheric conditions by fluoride ion selective electrode (F-ISE) (Orion 9609 BNWP, Ionplus SureFlow fluoride electrode, Thermo Scientific, United States of America) coupled to a benchtop analyzer (Hachsen Ion+). Results: All the materials included in the study exhibited fluoride release. Although there were differences in the amounts of fluoride released between Activa™, Zirconomer, and GC Gold Label 9 the mean difference between these three groups was not found to be statistically significant. Beautifil® II showed low amounts of fluoride released at all time intervals. Conclusion: Among the above-compared materials Activa™ and Zirconomer exhibit both improved mechanical properties as well as they have fluoride-releasing ability so can be preferred over conventional glass ionomer restorations. How to cite this article: Dhumal RS, Chauhan RS, Patil V, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Fluoride Release from Four Commercially Available Pediatric Dental Restorative Materials. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S6-S12.

Influence of Birth Characteristics and Feeding Practices on Eruption of Primary Teeth in Children: A Preliminary Cross-sectional Observational Study.

Background: The eruption process is under strong genetic control, external environmental factors also significantly contribute to this process. Therefore the present study was undertaken to identify the influence of birth characteristics and feeding practices on the eruption of the first primary tooth among healthy children in Pune, Maharashtra, India. Materials and methods: The study was undertaken among 200 children aged 3-24 months. Children with any underlying conditions, those not accompanied by their mother and with neonatal teeth/natal teeth were excluded. The birth weight, gestational age, and type of delivery were obtained from medical records of the child. Data on feeding practices and the age of eruption of the first primary tooth was recorded after a structured interview of the mother followed by oral examination of the child. Gestational age was categorized into >37 weeks and <37 weeks, birth weight was divided into three groups-<1500, 1500-2500, and >2500 gm and four groups according to feeding practice during the first 6 months of life (exclusively breastfed, exclusively bottle fed, combination of breastfeeding and bottle feeding, and spoon-feeding). Results: The mean age of eruption in the study population was 9.17 months. A9.05 months in males and 9.44 in females. A statistically significant correlation was noted with gestational age, birth weight, and feeding practices. Infants with a gestational age of >37 weeks, higher birth weight and those who were exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months had an earlier eruption of first primary teeth. Conclusion: External factors seem to influence the eruption of the primary tooth. More longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes and matching confounders are needed to clearly understand the factors affecting the primary tooth eruption. How to cite this article: Shetty SS, Mathur A, Gopalakrishnan D, et al. Influence of Birth Characteristics and Feeding Practices on Eruption of Primary Teeth in Children: A Preliminary Cross-sectional Observational Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):724-727.

Pediatric Intermaxillary Fixation in a Child with Isolated Subcondylar Fracture under Local Anesthesia: A Technical Note and Case Report.

Pediatric subcondylar jaw fractures in the mixed dentition phase present a unique challenge as immobilization of the jaw is indicated but arch bars are contraindicated due to fear of damage to underlying tooth buds. No definite guidelines are present in the management of pediatric subcondylar jaw fractures. We report a case in which a patient in mixed dentition with undisplaced fracture of neck of condyle which was managed with Intermaxillary fixation. How to cite this article: Tirupathi SP, Rajasekhar S, Ganesh M, et al. Pediatric Intermaxillary Fixation in a Child with Isolated Subcondylar Fracture under Local Anesthesia: A Technical Note and Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(1):119-120.

Can 4% Articaine Buccal Infiltration Replace Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) with 2% Xylocaine for Pulp Therapy in Primary Mandibular Molars? A Systematic Review.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy of 4% articaine buccal supraperiosteal/infiltration to that of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with 2% xylocaine in providing pulpal anesthesia for carrying out pulp therapy of deciduous mandibular molars in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Registry, and Ovid SP were searched in the timeframe between years 1991 and 2020 with appropriate MeSH terms. Full texts were selected only after a preliminary screening of relevant titles and abstracts. RESULTS: Five studies were involved for the final qualitative analysis. The parameter sought for was "Pain during pulp therapy after injection with buccal supraperiosteal/infiltration (4% articaine) or IANB (2% lignocaine) in primary mandibular molars. Three studies evaluated objective pain (operator reported) during pulp therapy, reported significantly lower pain scores with articaine buccal infiltration (BI). Among the two studies that evaluated subjective pain, one study reported a significantly lower pain score with the articaine BI group. The other study reported no difference statistically between both groups. CONCLUSION: Under the bounds of this systematic review, BI with 4% articaine might be equivalent to IANB with 2% lignocaine for providing pulpal anesthesia required for pulp therapy procedures in primary mandibular molars; however, the quality of evidence is low, more number of well-controlled studies with adequate sized sample should be conducted out to verify the same. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Tirupathi SP, Rajasekhar S, Ganesh M, et al. Can 4% Articaine Buccal Infiltration Replace Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) with 2% Xylocaine for Pulp Therapy in Primary Mandibular Molars? A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(3):420-425.

Single-visit Feeding Obturator Fabrication in Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Case Series and Narrative Review of Literature.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most common craniofacial anomaly affecting newborns. In the early years of life to survive baby requires nutrition from the mother. Lip seal of infant is affected because of cleft palate and thereby feeding is greatly compromised. As there is communication between nasal cavity and oral cavity there are more chances of aspiration of milk into the lungs. The main role of pedodontist is to fabricate a palatal obturator which facilitates feeding. In this article we have discussed fabrication of feeding obturator in single visit in infants with cleft palate. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Tirupathi SP, Ragulakollu R, Reddy V. Single-visit Feeding Obturator Fabrication in Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Case Series and Narrative Review of Literature. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(2):186-191.

Bromelain vs Papain Gel for Caries Removal in Primary Teeth.

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare bromelain with papain as the chemomechanical caries removal agent in relation to their efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty extracted primary molars with active carious lesion extending into dentin were selected. The samples were randomly divided into groups by sectioning the samples into two halves. Group I-cavity prepared using papain gel; group II-cavity prepared using bromelain gel. Time taken for caries removal in both the groups (I and II) was recorded with the help of a stopwatch. Following caries removal, the amount of remaining demineralized dentin was measured with the help of stereomicroscope and weld check (biological image analysis) software. RESULTS: t test is used to evaluate the significance of study parameters on continuous scale between two groups on metric parameters. The mean of residual carious dentin thickness obtained from the group II (bromelain) was 36.74 µm, which was much lower than that obtained from group I (papain) with a mean of 73.84 µm. The mean time taken in the group II (bromelain) was 335.30 seconds which was nearly equal to the mean time of group I (papain) of 352.33 seconds. CONCLUSION: The amount of remaining demineralized dentin was found to be lower in bromelain group than the papain group and time taken for the carious dentin removal was almost found similar in both bromelain and papain groups. It may be concluded that bromelain was more effective in amount of caries removal than papain. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Chemomechanical caries removal with the organic gels pose a great benefit as they are less invasive and has low side effects and cost-effective. How to cite this article: Reddy VK, Nagar P, Reddy S, et al. Bromelain vs Papain Gel for Caries Removal in Primary Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019;20(11):1345-1349.

Clinical Efficacy of Single-visit Pulpectomy over Multiple-visit Pulpectomy in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the efficacy of single-visit pulpectomy (SVP) vs multiple-visit pulpectomy (MVP) in infected primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An extensive literature search in the English language was conducted in PICO format using MeSH terms using databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Ovid, and Cochrane) and pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify relevant studies comparing pulpectomy in single and multiple visits. RESULTS: Only 4 studies (3-in vivo clinical study; 1-in vivo microbial study) sustained the final analysis and were included for critical appraisal. Results of the systematic search revealed that there are only a few studies comparing the efficacy of single-visit pulpectomy vs multiple-visit pulpectomy in infected primary teeth. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the available studies, evidence favors the SVP protocol over the MVP protocol. Whenever possible the single-visit protocol can be preferred over the multiple-visit protocol. The quality of evidence available is low. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Tirupathi SP, Krishna N, Rajasekhar S, et al. Clinical Efficacy of Single-visit Pulpectomy over Multiple-visit Pulpectomy in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(5):453-459.