ABSTRACT
The review provides information about the features of the sensitivity of thymocytes, lymphoid organs' cells and T-lymphocytes of peripheral blood to the hormones secreted by anterior pituitary gland's cells: growth hormone, thyrotropin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin and ß-endorphin. Some aspects of the T-lymphocytes's response to humoral signals from the hypophysis are shown in the article. Also the pituitary hormones' role in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production of T-lymphocytes in normal and pathological conditions of the organism being discussed.
Subject(s)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/pharmacology , Growth Hormone/pharmacology , Pituitary Gland, Anterior/metabolism , Prolactin/pharmacology , Thymocytes/drug effects , Thyrotropin/pharmacology , beta-Endorphin/pharmacology , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/genetics , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/immunology , Animals , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Gene Expression Regulation , Growth Hormone/genetics , Growth Hormone/immunology , Humans , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/cytology , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology , Primary Cell Culture , Prolactin/genetics , Prolactin/immunology , Signal Transduction , Thymocytes/cytology , Thymocytes/immunology , Thyrotropin/genetics , Thyrotropin/immunology , beta-Endorphin/genetics , beta-Endorphin/immunologyABSTRACT
Total RNA from the bone marrow of healthy donor rats was injected to experimental rats 6 h, 2 h, or 30 min prior to a single γ-irradiation in the sublethal dose of 6 Gy. Injection total RNA 30 min prior to the exposure most effectively restored erythropoiesis in experimental animals. In 5 days, reticulocyte count in these animals 30-fold surpassed the control (injection of 0.9% NaCl). In 12 days, the content of new erythroblastic islands in the bone marrow in rats injected with the total RNA 2 h or 30 min prior to irradiation increased significantly and erythropoiesis recovery activation was observed.
Subject(s)
Erythropoiesis/drug effects , RNA/administration & dosage , Radiation Injuries, Experimental/prevention & control , Radiation-Protective Agents/administration & dosage , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects , Bone Marrow Cells/physiology , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Erythropoiesis/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Male , Radiation Injuries, Experimental/blood , RatsABSTRACT
In 14 days after triple subcutaneous injection of benzene to rats in a dose of 0.05 ml/100 g body weight, the number of erythroblastic islands in the bone marrow 2-fold decreased, de novo erythropoiesis ceased, de repeto erythropoiesis slowed down, and the number of lymphoid cells contacting with erythroblastic islands decreased. By day 56 of the experiment, proliferation of erythroid cells in the bone marrow start to recover due to erythropoiesis reconstitution, but the number of reticulocytes in the blood remained low. Analysis of phagocytic ability of macrophages in the erythroblastic islands showed that the intensity of phagocytosis of latex particles in mature islands decreased, which could affect denucleation of oxyphilic erythroblasts.
Subject(s)
Anemia/chemically induced , Anemia/metabolism , Benzene/toxicity , Erythroblasts/drug effects , Erythropoiesis/drug effects , Animals , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Bone Marrow/metabolism , Erythroblasts/metabolism , Erythropoiesis/physiology , Female , RatsABSTRACT
The study performed on erythroblastic island cultures and rats with experimental polycythemia showed that recormon and epokrin stimulated erythropoiesis in erythroblastic islands both in vitro and in vivo. In cell cultures, recormon activates the formation of erythroblastic islands de novo and de repeto 1.3 times better than epokrin (p < 0.05). Erythroid cells exbhibited same reaction to epokrin and recormon in vivo: the number of erythroblastic islands in the bone marrow increased 3.4 times (p < 0.05) and the number of reticulocytes in the blood increased 2.2 times (p < 0.05).
Subject(s)
Erythroblasts/drug effects , Erythropoiesis/drug effects , Erythropoietin/pharmacology , Hematinics/pharmacology , Polycythemia/drug therapy , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Bone Marrow/pathology , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Erythroblasts/pathology , Female , Polycythemia/pathology , Primary Cell Culture , Protein Isoforms/pharmacology , Rats , Recombinant Proteins/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The review presents facts telling about the involvement of RNA of lymphocytes into regulation of proliferation and differentiation of cells in various tissues. There are considered: transport mechanisms of exogenous RNAs in cells, the role of non-coding RNAs molecules in the regulation of embryonic and postnatal morphogenesis. The long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs of T-lymphocytes are characterized, also there is made a comparative analysis of different microR-NAs expression in T cells and the regulatory effects of these molecules in reparative processes. There are described the RNA technologies, stimulating the anti-tumor immunity and regeneration of damaged tissues used in clinical practice, and also the perspectives of creating new treatments based on the use of RNA preparations.
Subject(s)
Cell Communication/physiology , Cell Differentiation/physiology , Cell Proliferation/physiology , Lymphocytes/metabolism , RNA, Untranslated/metabolism , Regeneration/physiology , Animals , Humans , Lymphocytes/cytologyABSTRACT
Lympnoici regulation, in aciaition to ensuring tne protection of tne antigen, is aimecl at maintaining a qualitative, quantitative, structural and functional integrity of the body. T-lymphocytes and growth factors are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue and organ regeneration. Lymphocyte's, sensitivity to homeostasis changes and their morphogenetic function are connected with a large number of receptors to bioactive substances and with their ability to syn- thesize and secrete hormones and tissue growth factors. At the same time tissue growth factors are involved in the development of thymocytes, in the differentiation of T helper and cytotoxic lymphocytes. Growth factors modulate the functions of Thl, Th2, Treg, Thl7, Th9. The important aspects of the interaction of T cells and EGF, TGF-P, FGF, VEGF, PlGF, HGF/SF in normal and pathological conditions are shown in this review.
Subject(s)
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism , T-Lymphocytes/metabolism , Animals , Humans , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics , T-Lymphocytes/cytology , T-Lymphocytes/physiologyABSTRACT
Total RNA, isolated from rat spleen's lymphoid cells during the period of hematopoietic tissue's reparative regeneration, has a remarkable activating effect on the processes of erythroblastic islet formation in vivo and in vitro. Total RNA, isolated from normal rat spleen's lymphoid cells, restores depressed erythropoiesis in erythroblastic islets up to physiological level.
Subject(s)
Erythropoiesis/drug effects , Lymphocytes/chemistry , Polycythemia/therapy , RNA/therapeutic use , Spleen/cytology , Animals , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Erythroblasts/cytology , Erythroblasts/drug effects , Female , Male , Polycythemia/blood , RNA/isolation & purification , Rats , Reticulocytes/cytology , Reticulocytes/drug effects , Spleen/metabolismABSTRACT
The effects of fullerenol C60(OH)24 in doses of 0.1-100 µg/ml on erythropoiesis were studied in the culture of erythroblastic islets of the bone marrow. Fullerenol in concentrations of 10 and 100 µg/ml had negative effects on the development of erythroid tissue: it inhibits proliferation of erythroid cells, delays erythroblast maturation, decelerates recruitment of erythroid CFU to differentiation, and suppresses repeated involvement of macrophages in erythroblastic islets.
