ABSTRACT
This work is dedicated to the study of anatomo-physiological peculiarities of the construction and cerebrovascular circulation of the vestibulo-ocular formations of the brain stem of the human cerebrum. The analysis of anatomo-physiological data enable to convince that the arches of the vertical and horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflexes include many structures of the brain stem of the human cerebrum, which are located along its longitude from the superior colliculi to caudal sections of brain stem. There is an existence of separate mechanisms of horizontal and vertical vestibulo-ocular interaction. The peculiarity of cerebrovascular circulation of main vestibulo-ocular structures is their profuse vascularisation chiefly by branches of the vertebro basilar system of arteries, which widely connected between each other, providing sufficiently profuse circulation in normal conditions of vital activity. The anatomical information above has great importance for the correct interpretation of the symptoms of infarctions in vertebro-basilar pool of the cerebrum, diagnostics and expert appreciation of these pathological states.
Subject(s)
Brain Stem/anatomy & histology , Brain Stem/blood supply , Cerebrovascular Circulation , Telencephalon/blood supply , Humans , Medulla Oblongata/blood supply , Mesencephalon/blood supply , Pons/blood supply , Reflex, Vestibulo-OcularABSTRACT
Vertical vestibuloocular reflexes (VVOR) were examined in 45 patients with multiple sclerosis. It is proposed to study VVOR basing on stimulation of the vertical semicircular labirynthine canals with active sagittal nodding of the head. Central lesion of the vestibular system is characterized by VVOR hyperreactivity, total failure of VVOR suppression by glance, two types of VVOR domination (typical--up and atypical--down), interocular asymmetry (dissociated nystagmus).
