[The influence of the bioflanoid dicvertin on the antioxidative system ceruloplasmin-transferrin and lipid peroxidation in patients suffering from stable coronary heart disease with dyslipidemia].

Thirty-two patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)--exertional angina and postinfarction cardiosclerosis with dislipidemia--were treated with dicvertin (2,3-dihydro-3,5,7-trihydroxi-2(3,4-dihydroxiphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-on), a Russian antioxidant, during two months in a day dose of 80 mg in addition to conventional cardial therapy. The therapy resulted in positive changes including improvement of CHD clinical picture and biochemical serum indices, such as a 6% decrease in cholesterol level, a 12% decrease in low-density lipoproteins cholesterol level, and a 14% increase in high-density lipoproteins cholesterol level. The intensity of lipid peroxidation decreased, the levels of diene conjugates and TBA-reactive products lowered by 38% and 40%, respectively. The fibrinogen level lowered by 20%. The antioxidative status of the patients increased.

[Effects of acetylsalicylic acid and diquertin on platelet aggregation and hemorheological parameters in rats with cerebral ischemia].

Rats with model cerebral ischemia were treated over 5 days with acetylsalicylic acid (in a single daily dose of 50 mg/kg via a gastric tube). This treatment decreased the level of platelet aggregation, while producing no statistically significant effect upon hemorheogical indices. The combined treatment with a complex of acetylsalicylic acid and diquertin (50 and 10 mg/kg via a gastric tube, respectively) also produced the antiaggregant effect, but additionally reduced the blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation, and fibrinogen content in the blood plasma.

[Clinical efficacy of a novel hemorheological drug ascovertin in patients with vascular encephalopathy]. / Klinicheskaia éffektivnost' novogo gemoreologicheskogo preparata askovertin u bol'nykh s distsirkuliatornoi éntsefalopatiei.

Patients with stages I and II of vascular encephalopathy developing on the background of atherosclerosis were treated with ascovertin during 21 days. Ascovertin is a complex of flavonoid dihydroquercetin and ascorbic acid. The study group included 21 patients aged 45-65 years and a comparison group consisted of 10 age-matched patients un treated with ascovertin. The ascovertin treatment relieved headache, reduced vertigo and fatigability, improved cognitive functions. The reliable diminishing of whole blood viscosity due to improvement of cellular rheology indices (decrease of aggregation and increase of erythrocyte deformability as well as decrease of indices of lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte membrane and blood plasma) was observed in the stydy group but not in the comparison one.

[The correction of the increased blood viscosity syndrome in brain ischemia in rats with a combination of dikvertin and ascorbic acid]. / Korrektsiia sindroma povyshennoi viazkosti krovi v usloviiakh ishemii mozga u krys kompleksom dikvertina i askorbinovoi kisloty.

In experiments in vitro on a model of the syndrome of increased blood viscosity dikvertin reduced blood viscosity, weakened aggregation of red cells and raised their property of becoming distorted. A mixture of dikvertin and ascorbic acid improved the hemorrheologic parameters better than do dikvertin and tanakan. On a model of chronic ischemia of the brain of rats attended with deterioration of blood rheologic parameters, it was demonstrated that a course of treatment with a dikvertin and ascorbic acid complex decreases the manifestations of the syndrome of increased blood viscosity.

[Dihydroquercetin--a new antioxidant and biologically active food additive]. / Digidrokvertsetin--novaia antioksidantnaia i biologicheski aktivnaia pishchevaia dobavka.

Information about types of vegetative raw material for flavonoid dihydroquercetin manufacture are given. Data of a wide spectrum of biological activity of dihydroquercetin are systematized. Two directions of use dihydroquercetin in food industry: as antioxidant and as biologically active supplement for creation different types of parapharmaceutical production is shown. Dihydroquercetin in the capacity of antioxidant may be compared or exceeds many synthetic and natural antioxidants and, in particular, known bioflavonoids (quercetin). High antioxidant activity of dihydroquercetin is combined with absence embryotoxicity, teratogenicity, allergenicity and mutability. Dihydroquercetin used as efficient antioxidant with regard to vegetable oils, animal fat, milk powder, fat contain pastry. Parapharmaceutical production with dihydroquercetin is intended for prophylactic of "oxidative stress" diseases (cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary, etc.). Practical application of new types of products containing dihydroquercetin was described. Dihydroquercetin is an available commercial food additive, producing domestic industry.

[Antioxidant properties of dihydroquercetin]. / Antioksidantnye svoistva digidrokvertsetina.

The effect of dihydroquercetin on peroxidation process of liposome membranes from egg phospholipids induced by ferrous sulfate or Fe(2+)-ascorbate system was studied. It was shown that dihydroquercetin antioxidant activity matches antioxidant activity of alpha-tocopherol. It was suggested that the mechanism dihydroquercetin antioxidant action consists in scavenging of lipids radicals.

[Natural flavonoids as dietary antioxidants and biologically active additives]. / Prirodnye flavonoidy kak pishchevye antioksidanty i biologicheski aktivnye dobavki.

This review assembled literature data on the distribution of flavonoid compounds (FC) among food plants as well as data on the antioxidative activity (AOA) as related to structure and pharmacologic action. Special attention was accorded to the problem of the use of FC as exergonic food antioxidants FC are not xenogenic to humans and are distinguished by their low (or completely absent) toxicity. Their AOA, as a rule, is superior to that of known antioxidants. The possible, eventual augmentation of wholesome medically prophylactic properties of essential food products by regulated addition of FC was discussed. The benefit of the use of specific additives-quercetin and dihydroquercetin-compared to the utilization of mixed plant SC was demonstrated. Medically prophylactic food products, with supplementation of FC, are devised for regions with unfavorable ecologic circumstances (increased radioactivity, contaminated industrial effluents) as well as for regions susceptible to the influence of stress factors or extreme climatic conditions.

[Anti-arrhythmic effect and kinetic parameters of bonnecor in the treatment of extrasystole in patients with acute myocardial infarction]. / Antiaritmicheskii éffekt i kineticheskie parametry bonnekora pri lechenii ékstrasistolii u bol'nykh ostrym infarktom miokarda.

Bonnecor was tested for its antiarrhythmic activity in patients with acute myocardial infarction in the first 24 hours of the disease complicated by arrhythmias as ventricular premature beats (VPB). Proceeding from the comparison of its clinical efficiency and pharmacokinetic parameters in 38 patients, the optimal dosage of the drug was formulated. When given intravenously to the patients in dose of 25-37.5 mg bonnecor produced 92% antiarrhythmic responses, failed to shorten heart rate and to lower blood pressure; the agent led to a prolonged P-Q interval as evidenced by ECG. The antiarrhythmic activity, the dose of the drug, and its plasma concentration were found to be closely related. The mean effective bonnecor concentration was ascertained to be 0.45 +/- 0.24 micrograms/ml.

[The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of bonnecor in patients with different disorders of the heart rhythm]. / Farmakodinamika i farmakokinetika bonnekora u bol'nykh s razlichnymi narusheniiami ritma serdtsa.

The clinical pharmacokinetics and the effect of bonnecor on parameters of the pharmacodynamics were studied in 53 patients with cardiac rhythm disorders, including 23 patients in the acute period of myocardial infarction. At intravenous administration of bonnecor in a dose of 0.4-0.6 mg/kg there was noted a pronounced antiarrhythmic effect with respect to both ventricular and supraventricular cardiac rhythm disorders. Bonnecor exerted no significant effect on the hemodynamic parameters. The pharmacokinetic parameters of bonnecor possess a great variability, the mean values of the parameters are close to the corresponding ones for ethacizine. Along with the unchanged drug one can detect in the blood mono-N-demethylated metabolite. The ranges of effective concentrations and those inducing side effects of the drug are given.

[Clinical pharmacokinetics and hemodynamics of ethacizin in the acute period of myocardial infarct]. / Klinicheskaia farmakokinetika i gemodinamika étatsizina v ostrom periode infarkta miokarda.

Clinical pharmacokinetics of ethacizine and its effect on parameters of the central and peripheral hemodynamics in the acute period of myocardial infarction were studied. The appearance of an additional maximum or "concentration plateau" on the concentration-time curve following a single intravenous injection of the drug was noted in most cases. To describe experimental data, a three-compartment model with lag time was proposed. The pharmacokinetic parameters obtained indicate that ethacizine is characterized by a less value of clearance and greater period of half-elimination as compared to ethmozine. Ethacizine was shown to exert no considerable effect on hemodynamics that makes it possible to recommend its use in acute myocardial infarction when cardiac rhythm disorders occur.

[Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of disopyramide phosphate]. / Farmakodinamika i farmakokinetika dizopiramida fosfata.

Based on pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies in 42 patients with paroxysmal and extrasystolic abnormalities of the rhythm it was established that disopyramide phosphate (ritmilen) is an effective antiarrhythmic agent for atrial fibrillation paroxysms. The drug exerts negative, chronotropic, dromotropic and inotropic effects, especially upon intravenous injections for removal of atrial fibrillatin paroxysms. Ritmilen moderately reduces the blood pressure. When used for removal of atrial fibrillation paroxysms ritmilen is effective in doses of 1.2-1.7 mg/kg intravenously and in doses of 2.5-3.8 mg/kg per os. In patients with chronic ventricular premature heart beat the single effective drug doses amount to 0.61-1.7 mg/kg. After oral use the ritmilen concentration in blood plasma is lower than after intravenous use in adequate doses. No relationship has been found between the drug antiarrhythmic effect and blood plasma concentration.