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1.
Educ. méd. (Ed. impr.) ; 12(4): 209-221, dic. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-79598

ABSTRACT

Se parte de las conclusiones de las Primeras Jornadas Estatales sobre la Formación Integral del Médico, que estaban planteadas no como unas jornadas de estudio sistemático, sino como unas jornadas de reflexión. En ese sentido, se incluyen en el artículo, tanto las conclusiones de los diversos grupos de trabajo de las jornadas, como una serie de reflexiones del propio autor sobre el tema, al menos en algunas de sus facetas fundamentales: influencia del contexto social, aspectos teóricos, técnicos y pragmáticos delas diversas propuestas para modificar la enseñanza de la medicina, su aplicación en la docencia pregrado, posgrado y continuada, selección de los docentes, de los discentes y de los métodos de evaluación. Se insiste en la necesidad de un cambio en la orientación del aprendizaje, introduciéndolos elementos emocionales y experiencia les en nuevos formatos (..) (AU)


Paper starts with the conclusions of the First State Conference about ‘Doctor’s Integral Education’ that were outlined as a reflection conference more than a systematic study conference. In that sense, paper is based on the conclusions of the diverse Conference work groups. It includes a series of reflections on its topics: influences of the social context, theoretical aspects, technicians and pragmatic of the topic, their application in the pre-graduate teaching, graduate degree and continuous, selection of the docents, of the candidates and of the evaluation methods... We emphasize the necessity of a change in the orientation of the learning, introducing the emotional elements and experiential in new technical formats. We insist also in the utility and applications of the groups in general, and the ‘Balint type’ groups in particular, in this new formative context (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Research Groups , Models, Educational , Clinical Competence , Faculty, Medical , Education, Medical , Teaching , Spain
2.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-91746

ABSTRACT

Se comparan sesiones de observación realizadas según el método de Esther Bick. Dos corresponden a un niño observado en su familia, durante más de un año, según la técnica clásica. Otras dos corresponden a otro niño, ingresado desde el nacimiento en un Centro de Acogida de Menores del Departamento de Justicia. La técnica observacional es la misma, si bien la situación de la observación y el desarrollo difieren ampliamente entre un bebé y el otro. Se muestran dos observaciones aproximadamente coetáneas: a los seis meses de edad del niño y a los doce meses. Las sesiones fueron escogidas según el criterio de los observadores y participantes en el seminario y no del coordinador del mismo. Finalmente se aportan unas reflexiones sobre el desarrollo en la primera infancia y sus resultados en las dos situaciones (AU)


Parallel lives?; observation of a baby in his family and of a baby in a reception centre for minors (Part II). Two observation sessions, following Esther Bick´s method, are compared. They correspond to a boy observed in his family and to a boy living from birth onwards in a Reception Centre for Minors pertaining to the Catalan Department of Justice. The observation technique employed was the classical one, although the contexts of observation and developments greatly differed between one baby and the other. Two approximately contemporary observations are compared: at 6 and 12 months. To avoid a preconception bias, the observation sessions were chosen according to the criteria of the observers and participants in the seminar, and not the seminar director. The paper finally makes some reflections concerning early childhood development and the outcomes in each case (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child Development , Personality Development , Motor Skills , Child, Institutionalized/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Child Rearing/psychology , Child, Orphaned/psychology
3.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-91732

ABSTRACT

Se comparan sesiones de observación de niños realizadas según el método de Esther Bick. Dos corresponden a un niño observado en su familia, durante más de un año, según la técnica clásica. Otras dos corresponden a otro niño, ingresado desde el nacimiento en un Centro de Acogida de Menores del Departamento de Justicia. La técnica observacional es la misma, si bien la situación de la observación y el desarrollo difieren ampliamente entre un bebé y el otro. Se muestran dos observaciones aproximadamente coetáneas: a los seis meses de edad del niño y a los 12 meses. Las sesiones fueron escogidas según el criterio de los observadores y participantes en el seminario y no del coordinador del mismo. Finalmente se aportan unas reflexiones sobre el desarrollo en la primera infancia y sus resultados en las dos situaciones (AU)


Two observation sessions, following Esther Bick´s method, are compared. They correspond to a boy observed in his family and to a boy living form birth onwards in a Reception Centre for Minors pertaining to the Catalan Department of Justice. The observation technique employed was the classical one, although the contexts of observation and developments greatly different between one baby and the other. Two approximately contemporary observations are compared: at 6 and 12 months. To avoid a preconception bias, the observation sessions were chosen according to the criteria of the observers and participants in the seminar, and not the seminar director. The paper finally makes some reflections concerning early childhood development and the outcomes in each case (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child Development , Personality Development , Motor Skills , Child, Institutionalized/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Child Rearing/psychology , Child, Orphaned/psychology
6.
Aten Primaria ; 34(9): 493-8, 2004 Nov 30.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15563788

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To contribute to the knowledge of the alert signs and precursors of the schizophrenia, just as they can appear in the childhood, and of the prodromic signs other ages. DESIGN: Five descriptive studies: three retrospective, one transversal and one longitudinal study, based in the revision of clinical histories of an Community Mental Health Unit closely linked with the APS, additional revisions of the clinical histories of Family Doctors and Peadiatrics of Primary Care, and structured interviews with patients, patient's offspring, and PHC professionals. Two prospective studies: one, with schizophrenic's children; other, of children with alert signs detected in the first childhood. LOCATION OF THE PROJECT: USM-MHU of Sant Martí-La Mina, 5 Sanitary Basic Areas of Barcelona and Sant Adriá (Barcelona), besides the Functional Unit of Attention to the First Childhood of Sant Martí (Barcelona). PARTICIPANTS: Schizophrenic patients and relatives detected by the USM-MHU. Schizophrenic patients and relatives not detected by the USM. MHU-USM assistance staff and assistance staff of 5 ABS and of the Functional Unit of Attention to the First Childhood (UFAPI). Children with alert signs detected in the UFAPI and children with alert signs or risk factors detected in the EAP and in the Pediatric Teams of PC. METHODOLOGY AND INSTRUMENTS: Diagnoses DSM-IV. Structured interviews SCAN and IRAOS. Scales of positive and negative symptoms. Scales or screenings for the first childhood: ARBB, CBCL, and LISMEP. Structured interviews to determine precursory and prodromic signs: FETZ (Colony), ERIE-IRAOS (Hamburg-Barcelona), ERIE-red (reduced version of the IRAOS, adapted by the investigating team).


Subject(s)
Research Design , Schizophrenia/epidemiology , Adult , Child , Epidemiologic Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
9.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5331

ABSTRACT

Apoyándose en un trabajo-resumen anterior, en el presente se parte de una definición de la atención primaria a la salud(APS) (mental) en tanto que aplicación del modelo médico dela asistencia sanitaria centrada en el consultante (ASCC) altrabajo conjunto de los de APS y los equipos de salud mental(ESM) extrahospitalarios. Se resumen los principios generales de ese submodelo, sus fundamentos asistenciales, preventivos y teóricos, así como un esquema de las "carteras de servicios" y actividades en la consulta a los que puede dar lugar en el caso de la infancia, con especial atención a la primera infancia. Dentro del trabajo, se describen dos de las consecuencias formativas y teóricas de dicho submodelo con respecto al personal de APS y al de los ESM: la necesidad de mejorar su formación en capacidades y técnicas de observación, y el cambio de perspectiva para la psiquiatría y la psicologíaclínica de la primera infancia que suponen; una perspectiva que ha de pivotar, probablemente, en los factores de riesgo, vulnerabilidad y señales de alarma, por un lado, y en la dialéctica entre los factores de riesgo y los de contención por otro (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Infant , Child , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Health Personnel , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/prevention & control , Neurodevelopmental Disorders/therapy , Mental Health Services/standards , Primary Health Care/standards , Spain , Risk Factors , Health Programs and Plans
11.
Aten Primaria ; 25(7): 479-88, 2000 Apr 30.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10851753

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To describe a new outbreak of "mass hysteria" or "epidemic conversion disorder" occurring in Barcelona in 1997. Based on this outbreak's features differentiating it from other similar outbreaks described in the literature or treated by the same team, to propose a change in the theoretical framework for these group somatomorphic phenomena. DESIGN: A study describing clinical epidemiological research and the interventions performed. SETTING: Urban health centre. Epidemiological research and data analysis performed by the Municipal Health Institute (MHI) of Barcelona. INTERVENTIONS AND MEASUREMENTS: The following were performed: a) Diagnostic screening of population. b) The usual epidemiological surveys of the MHI. c) Semi-structured interviews with the quarter's care professionals. d) Two group sessions with the quarter's health professionals. MHI experts analysed statistically the data provided by measurements b) and c). RESULTS: 276 people (42% of the population of the quarter) were studied. The attack rate was 10%. Data analysis noted that communication of the fantasy of the outbreak of scabies facilitated self-diagnosis and even diagnosis by health professionals. CONCLUSIONS: Given the frequency and the social and health implications of this kind of somatomorphic disorder, both in the developed countries and those "on the road to development", clinical researchers and epidemiologists should not wait to pose the possibility of hysteria until after the "organic" aetiology of an epidemic outbreak has been completely discounted. The second series of conclusions points towards the incorrectness of defining all these outbreaks as mass hysterical disorders. In reality, we should be thinking, more openly and in a more scientifically modern way, of epidemic somatomorphic disorders of various kinds. The outbreak described in the current study could be referred to as the hypochondriform variety of outbreak, whereas those described elsewhere by the same team could be understood as the conversion variety.


Subject(s)
Conversion Disorder/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Hysteria/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Spain
13.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 25(7): 479-488, abr. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-4093

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Describir un nuevo brote de 'histeria de masas' o 'trastorno conversivo epidémico' acaecido en Barcelona durante 1997. A partir de las características diferenciales del mismo respecto a otros brotes similares descritos en la literatura o tratados por el mismo equipo, proponer un replanteamiento del encuadre teórico de dichos fenómenos somato-morfos grupales. Diseño. Descriptivo de la investigación epidemiológica clínica y de las intervenciones realizadas en el caso. Emplazamiento. Centro de salud urbano. Investigación epidemiológica y análisis de los datos realizados por el Instituto Municipal de la Salud de Barcelona. Intervenciones y mediciones. Se han realizado: a) cribados diagnósticos poblacionales; b) las encuestas epidemiológicas usuales del IMSP de Barcelona; c) entrevistas semiestructuradas con los profesionales asistenciales del barrio, y d) 2 sesiones de grupo con los profesionales sanitarios del barrio. Las técnicas del IMSP realizaron el análisis estadístico de los datos proporcionados por las mediciones b) y c). Resultados. Se investigó a 276 personas (el 42 por ciento de la población del barrio). La tasa de ataque resultó ser del 10 por ciento. El análisis de los datos apunta que la comunicación de la fantasía del brote de escabiosis facilitaba el autodiagnóstico e incluso el diagnóstico por parte de los profesionales sanitarios. Conclusiones. Dada la frecuencia y repercusiones sociosanitarias de este tipo de trastornos somato-morfos, tanto en países tecnificados como en vías de desarrollo, parece importante que investigadores clínicos y epidemiólogos no esperen a plantearse su posibilidad hasta después de descartar totalmente la etiología 'orgánica' de todo brote epidémico. La segunda serie de conclusiones apunta hacia que no es adecuado calificar todos estos brotes como trastornos histéricos de masas. En realidad, habría que pensar, en forma más abierta y científicamente actualizada, en trastornos somato-morfos epidémicos de diversos tipos. El brote descrito en el presente trabajo podría referirse a la variedad hipocondriforme de aquéllos, mientras que los descritos en trabajos anteriores del mismo equipo podrían entenderse como la variedad conversiva (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Adult , Male , Female , Humans , Disease Outbreaks , Spain , Conversion Disorder , Hysteria
15.
Int J Psychoanal ; 78 ( Pt 2): 307-25, 1997 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9152757

ABSTRACT

On the basis of a detailed account of the analysis of a severely disturbed female patient with suicidal tendencies and pronounced mood swings, in whom sensory impressions were particularly important, the author investigates the phenomena of hypersensuality and self-sensuality. These are shown to be closely bound up with the patient's primitive erotisation of both the transference and her life outside the analysis, their function being one of self-feeding designed to blot out the awareness of separation and separateness. Depending on a given subject's personality development and the position from which mental events are experienced, the author notes that this self-sensuality may be external, acted out or largely confined to fantasy. The case history leads to some theoretical reflections, supported by the results of infant observation conducted by the author and his assistants, on the possible connection between erotised patterns of relating in such patients and the existence of autistic nuclei. In the final part of the paper, the author considers whether the two familiar Kleinian positions need to be supplemented by a third, 'autistic', position, discusses the relevant consequences and implications, and emphasises that the assumption of the existence of such a position carries the risk of its reification. He ends with a poetic example that sums up the isolation of the patients concerned.


Subject(s)
Bipolar Disorder/psychology , Fantasy , Personality Development , Psychoanalytic Therapy , Sensation , Adult , Bipolar Disorder/therapy , Child Abuse/psychology , Defense Mechanisms , Female , Humans , Infant , Object Attachment , Projection , Self Stimulation
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