ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the cerebral hemodynamics and executive functioning in patients with alcohol use disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 58 patients with alcohol use disorders aged 30 to 55 years and 40 healthy controls. Rheoencephalography was used to detect cerebrovascular changes. Executive functioning was assessed using the Go-No-Go, Corsi, and Color Stroop tests. RESULTS: Patients with alcohol use disorders have higher values of the tone of resistive vessels and medium - caliber arteries, as well as lower indicators of volumetric pulse blood filling and elastic properties of the main arteries in both right and left leads compared with the controls (p≤0.003). Patients with alcohol dependence had lower rates in all studied cognitive tests compared to the norm (p≤0.011). We also found statistically significant correlations between the studied parameters in patients with alcohol use disorders: a decrease in volumetric pulse blood filling correlated with impaired psychomotor response in the Go-No-Go task (errors on the Go signal) (rs=-0.36; p=0.048), as well as cognitive flexibility in the Stroop test (rs=-0.40; p=0.024). CONCLUSION: Disturbances of the psychomotor reaction and cognitive flexibility in alcohol dependence are due to the regional changes (decrease) in cerebral blood flow, as well as to a decrease in the elasticity of the wall of cerebral vessels.
Subject(s)
Alcoholism , Alcoholism/complications , Cerebrovascular Circulation , Executive Function/physiology , Hemodynamics , Humans , Neuropsychological TestsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study correlations between parameters of lipid metabolism and ECG in patients with schizophrenia in light of therapy with atypical antipsychotics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 42 patients with paranoid schizophrenia. All patients received atypical neuroleptics - seroquel, zyprexa, and rispolept. A group of controls included 25 healthy people. RESULTS: There was a significant increase (p=0.0002) in body mass (in average by 1.5 kg) in 88% patients. A significant increase in the concentration of serum triglycerides was identified as well. The concentration of VLDL in the patients with schizophrenia was 2 times higher compared to controls. After treatment, VLDL concentration increased even more considerably An increase in atherogenic index (AI) was up to 3.1 in patients with schizophrenia compared to 2.2 in controls. After treatment, Al increased up to 4 that demonstrated the high risk of development of atherosclerosis. A significant increase in QT interval in the ECG and heart rate (p=0.03) was revealed only in patients receiving rispolept. In patients receiving zyprexa and seroquel only heart rate was increased. CONCLUSION: The antipsychotics studied increase the risk of development of cardiovascular pathology.