ABSTRACT
The paper investigates the specific features of chronorhythmologic changes of the ion-regulating function of the kidneys under the hypofunction of the pineal gland. For the study of hypofunction of the pineal gland, animals were maintained under constant light stimulation during 7 days. It has been established that the hypofunction epiphysis point out disturbances of the phasic structure of the ion-regulating function in relation to chronograms of the intact group of rats. In terms of physiological pinealectomy observed in- crease in the excretion of sodium ions (6,11±0,81 mmol/h) and the concentration of this cation in the blood plasma remained elevated around the clock. The obtained results indicate significant changes of integral characteristics of the rhythms of electrolyte metabolism and the important role of the pineal gland in ensuring physiological homeostasis.
Subject(s)
Circadian Rhythm/physiology , Kidney/physiopathology , Pineal Gland/physiopathology , Sodium/metabolism , Animals , Homeostasis/physiology , Kidney/metabolism , Male , Melatonin/biosynthesis , Pineal Gland/metabolism , Rats , Sodium/bloodABSTRACT
The unique properties and a great therapeutic potential of incretin drugs allowed them to win a firm place in modern algorithms of treatment of type 2 diabetes in an unprecedented short period of time. Due to discovery of the incretin effect and introduction of the increrin mimetics into clinical practice, an interest of the researchers was growing to study the plelotropic effects of gastrointestinal hormones. In experimental and clinical studies in recent years there has been shown the cytoprotective and cytoproliferative effects of a number of intestinal hormones, namely giucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, and obestatin when administered systemicallyThis review presents an analysis of the currently available results of fundamental and clinical research on the plelotropic potential of the gastrointestinal peptides, and also determines the relevance of further research on the metabolic effects of bariatric surgery.
Subject(s)
Biomimetic Materials , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Gastrointestinal Hormones , Animals , Biomimetic Materials/metabolism , Biomimetic Materials/therapeutic use , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Hormones/metabolism , Gastrointestinal Hormones/therapeutic use , HumansABSTRACT
The influence of incomplete global ischemia-reperfusion of the brain on the activity of pro- and antiapoptotic processes in the thymocytes by the intensity of p53 and Bcl-2 - proteins expressions has been investigated. It has been shown that in the cortical zone of thymus of rats with a four-month diabetes, as well as in the control rats and rats with diabetes mellitus after brain ischemia, the antiapoptotic processes are dominated. In the medullar zone of the gland in rats with diabetes, complicated and uncomplicated with brain ischemia-reperfusion the antiapoptotic mechanisms predominate too, but to a lesser extent than in the cortical zone.
