ABSTRACT
During the first year of life a girl, the first child of non-consanguineous parents, developed a progressive neurological disease characterized by blindness, severe hypotonia, impaired motor development, microcephaly and mental retardation. Later she became unresponsive to auditory stimuli. She died at the age of 13 months. Post-mortem examination revealed atrophy of the optic nerves and chiasm, lateral geniculate nuclei and superior colliculi, degeneration of the cochlear nerve roots, dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei, superior olives, lateral lemnisci, medial geniculate nuclei and inferior colliculi and atrophy of the dentate nuclei, hilus and superior cerebellar peduncles. These were consistent with dégénérescence systématisée optico-cochleéo-dentelée. Additional abnormalities included degeneration of the posterior columns in the spinal cord, gracilis and cuneate nuclei and medial lemnisci, atrophy of the spinocerebellar tracts and Clarke's columns, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, chiefly involving the rostral vermis, inferior olivary nuclei and demyelination of the sural nerves.
Subject(s)
Cerebellar Diseases/pathology , Cochlear Nerve/pathology , Geniculate Bodies/pathology , Optic Atrophy/pathology , Optic Chiasm/pathology , Cerebellar Diseases/complications , Cerebellar Nuclei/pathology , Female , Humans , Infant , Optic Atrophy/complications , Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases/complications , Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases/pathologySubject(s)
Foreign Bodies , Trachea , Tracheotomy , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
During a three-year period, central venous catheterization was performed in 83 children by percutaneous approach through internal jugular or and subclavian veins. Internal jugular vein was catheterized in 62 children, 40 of them were under one year old and 16 were within one to five years. Complications were seen only in two occasions: accidental punction of carotid artery. Subclavian vein was used in 21 patients: 7 or the children were under one year, 7 children were between one to five years and 7 children were over five years of age. A pneumothorax and a perforation of the subclavian vein were the complications of this last group. Indications, technics and complications of central venous catheterization--either internal jugular or subclavian--are described emphasizing the advantages that they offer as compared to traditional venisection.
Subject(s)
Cardiac Catheterization/adverse effects , Carotid Artery Injuries , Jugular Veins , Subclavian Vein , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Iatrogenic Disease , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pneumothorax/etiology , Subclavian Vein/injuriesSubject(s)
Tracheotomy , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Granuloma/etiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Male , Postoperative Care , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
Two cases of intoxication by diphenoxylate, inespecific antidiarrheal, depressor of the intestinal motility, are presented. Diphenoxylate is chemically related with meperidine. One case was caused by hipersensitivity and the other one by overdose. Both had a favourable outcome. Existent bibliography was reviewed and clinical signs of this intoxication pointed-out. It is suggested that diphenoxylate should not be prescribed to children under thirty months.
