Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 36
Filter
1.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 80(1): 9-18, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1099197

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La laringe de cerdo doméstico tiene similitudes con la laringe humana. La capacidad elástica de las cuerdas vocales del cerdo demuestran tener la mayor similitud con la humana comparado con otros animales por lo que se ha propuesto usar las laringes de cerdo como modelo de entrenamiento quirúrgico. Objetivo: Determinar las diferencias y similitudes anatómicas e histológicas entre la laringe del cerdo y la humana. Material y método: Se realizaron mediciones por 4 observadores en 5 laringes porcinas cuyos resultados se compararon con los descritos en la literatura para las laringes humanas. Además se realizaron cortes histológicos para visualizar fibras elásticas, mucinas neutras y mucinas ácidas. Resultados: El cartílago tiroides porcino mide entre las astas superiores 37,55 ±7,30 mm, entre astas inferiores 31,33 ±3,27 mm, desde la prominencia laríngea al borde posterior 34,32 ±7,30 mm. En el cartílago cricoides, desde el borde superior-inferior en el arco anterior 7,28 ±2,21 mm, altura borde superior-inferior pared posterior 27,47 ±3,40 mm, ancho máximo pared posterior 30,99 ±4,51 mm, diámetro interior anteroposterior (borde cefálico) 30,90 ±2,12 mm, diámetro interior anteroposterior (borde caudal) 21,78 ±2,55 mm, diámetro interior derecha-izquierda (borde cefálico) 18,11 ±2,13 mm, diámetro interior derecha-izquierda (borde caudal) 21,10 ±2,40 mm. Histológicamente, la laringe de cerdo y humana presentan leves diferencias en cuanto al epitelio de cada porción de la laringe, a pesar de que el tipo de cartílago es el mismo en ambas especies. Conclusión: Si bien existen diferencias anatómicas e histológicas entre la laringe de cerdo y el humano, el modelo porcino es una alternativa útil, accesible y de bajo costo para el entrenamiento en cirugía laringotraqueal y microcirugía laríngea.


Introduction: The domestic pig larynx has similarities with the human larynx. The elastic capacity of the vocal folds of the pig has the greater similarity with the human one compared with other animals. It has been proposed to use the porcine larynx as a model for surgical training. Aim: To determine the anatomical and histological differences and similarities between the pig larynx and the human larynx. Material and method: Measurements were made by 4 observers in 5 porcine larynxes whose results were compared with those described in the literature. In addition, histological sections were performed to visualize elastic fibers, neutral mucins and acid mucins. Results: The porcine thyroid cartilage measured 37.55 ±7.30 mm between the upper horns, 31.33 ±3.27 mm between lower horns and 34.32 ±7.30 mm from the laryngeal prominence to the posterior margin. In the cricoid cartilage, from the upper-lower edge in the anterior arch 7.28 ±2.21mm, height upper-lower edge posterior wall 27.47 ±3.40 mm, maximum posterior wall width 30.99 ±4.51 mm, anteroposterior inner diameter (head margin) 30.90 ±2.12 mm, inner diameter anteroposterior (caudal edge) 21.78 ±2.55 mm, inner diameter right-left (head edge) 18.11 ±2.13 mm, inner diameter right-left (caudal edge) 21.10 ±2.40 mm. Histologically, the pig and human larynxes present slight differences in the epithelium of each portion of the larynx, despite the fact that type of cartilage is the same in both species. Conclusions: Although there are anatomical and histological differences between the pig larynx and the human larynx, the porcine model is a useful, accessible and low cost alternative for training in laryngotracheal surgery and laryngeal microsurgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Larynx/anatomy & histology , Microsurgery/education , Arytenoid Cartilage/anatomy & histology , Swine , Thyroid Cartilage/anatomy & histology , Cricoid Cartilage/anatomy & histology , Laryngeal Nerves , Larynx/blood supply
2.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 80(1): 85-90, mar. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1099207

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes con enfermedad de Ménière representan un desafío terapéutico para el médico tratante, especialmente cuando no responden al tratamiento médico conservador. Presentamos un caso de un paciente de 45 años con enfermedad de Ménière activa en oído izquierdo sometido a laberintectomía quirúrgica con implante coclear simultáneo en dicho oído. Se evaluaron resultados clínicos y audiométricos en un seguimiento de 9 meses posencendido del implante y el paciente presentó PTP de 21 dB, con 92% de discriminación a disílabos a 45 dB en el oído implantado, sin tinnitus ni síntomas vestibulares. La combinación de laberintectomía con implante coclear en un mismo tiempo quirúrgico, fue efectiva en controlar los síntomas vestibulares y audiológicos del paciente estudiado.


Patients with Méniére's disease represent a therapeutical problem for physicians, especially in those who do not respond to conservative approaches. We report the case of a 45-year-old male with bilateral Ménière's disease, active in the left ear, who underwent simultaneous cochlear implantation combined with labyrinthectomy surgery. Audiometric and clinical results were evaluated, 9 months after the activation of the implant the patient's PTA was 21 dB, with 92% disyllabic word's discrimination at 45 dB in the implanted ear, without tinnitus or vestibular symptoms. The combined surgical labyrinthectomy and cochlear implantation are efficient for the treatment of vestibular and audiological symptoms of the patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cochlear Implantation/methods , Ear, Inner/surgery , Meniere Disease/surgery
3.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 66(3): 179-184, dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-475690

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una revisión de los casos de angioedema asociado al uso de Inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina de nuestro hospital. El objetivo es dar a conocer esta patología a la comunidad médica. La edad promedio de presentación fue de 67,8 años. Los pacientes tomaron el medicamento por entre 1 y 96 meses, antes de la aparición de los síntomas. La cantidad de episodios de angioedema antes del diagnóstico fue entre l y 7,el seguimiento después del tratamiento, entre 8 y 18 meses. El síntoma más frecuente fue edema lingual, aunque una paciente requirió tratamiento en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos con intubación orotraqueal. Se presenta una revisión de la literatura, con énfasis en la epidemiología, diagnóstico, mecanismo fisiopatológico y tratamiento de la enfermedad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Angioedema , Enalapril/adverse effects , Angioedema , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Time Factors , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects
4.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 64(3): 183-189, dic. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-409746

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una revisión de ocho casos de melanoma de mucosa de cabeza y cuello, tratados entre los años 1994 y 2000 en el Hospital van Buren, Valparaíso. Los síntomas de presentación más frecuentes fueron: aumento en volumen en paladar duro, en los melanomas ubicados en cavidad oral (n = 5), y obstrucción nasal, en los casos de localización nasosinusal (n = 3). El promedio de síntomas previo a la primera consulta fue de 3,75 meses. En dos casos se encontró metástasis cervicales al momento del diagnóstico y, en ninguno, metástasis a distancia. En 4 pacientes se realizó cirugía con intención curativa y, en un caso, paliativa. Tres enfermos fueron sometidos a radioterapia; de éstos, uno recibió radioterapia postoperatoria en el tratamiento inicial, y dos fueron irradiados con intención paliativa. La mortalidad a dos años fue de 50 por ciento, y a tres años de 60 por ciento. Se presenta una revisión de la literatura.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Melanoma/therapy , Mucous Membrane
5.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 63(1): 9-20, abr. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-348396

ABSTRACT

El cáncer de la glándula tiroides es una patología bastante poco frecuente, constituyendo el 1,3 por ciento de los cánceres. Frecuente en pacientes entre la cuarta y quinta década de la vida, quienes consultan por aumento de volumen cervical. Es, por consiguiente, uno de tantos diagnósticos diferenciales que debe tener presente el otorrinolaringólogo ante una masa cervical. Lo anterior, sumando la importancia pronóstica y terapéutica que tiene dicha patología, nos obliga como especialista a conocer el manejo que debe realizarse en dichos pacientes. Es por esto que efectuamos una revisión de nuestros resultados obtenidos en 10 años de manejo de dicha patología, para evaluar nuestro proceder y plantear, si fuese necesario, otros protocolos de conducta terapéutica


Subject(s)
Humans , Thyroidectomy , Thyroid Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Papillary , Thyroid Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Papillary , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Adenocarcinoma, Follicular , Disease-Free Survival , Laryngectomy , Neoplasm Staging , Diagnosis, Differential , Prognosis
7.
Gastrointest Radiol ; 8(3): 249-53, 1983.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6618092

ABSTRACT

The essential feature of the MIrizzi syndrome is partial common hepatic duct obstruction due to an impacted cystic duct stone. This entity has rarely been reported but is apparently more common than previously thought. Our review of the world literature shows 42 proven cases in 18 publications from 7 different countries. We are adding 11 further cases with surgical proof. The preoperative x-ray diagnosis of the Mirizzi syndrome was established in 10 of the 42 previously reported cases. This diagnostic problem was probably due to limitations of plain film and intravenous cholangiography techniques. The preoperative diagnosis was possible in 8 of our 11 cases, primarily with the use of transhepatic cholangiography. The preoperative diagnosis is important and can lead to a decrease in surgical complications, particularly if stone penetration, fistula formation, and adjacent inflammatory masses are demonstrated.


Subject(s)
Cholangiography/methods , Cholestasis/diagnostic imaging , Cholestasis/diagnosis , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Humans , Syndrome , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography
8.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 54(4): 229-33, 1983.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-18133

ABSTRACT

Se revisan los resultados obtenidos en 31 ninos con hipertension portal atendidos en el Departamento de Hepatologia del Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, entre los anos 1968 y 1982. El diagnostico de hipertension portal fue confirmado por el cuadro clinico y examenes de laboratorio. Como causa de la hipertension portal, se encontro en 23 ninos trombosis de la vena porta fibrosis hepatica en 6, (tres de los cuales presentaban arsenisismo cronico) y en dos cirrosis hepatica. Dieciocho de estos ninos fueron operados utilizando diversas tecnicas siendo la mas frecuente la anastomosis cavo mesenterica.En tres pacientes se confirmo la presencia de shunt esplenorenal espontaneo amplio, que evito la intervencion quirurgica.La encefalopatia fue una complicacion poco frecuente en los pacientes sometidos a anastomosis porto sistemica. Hacemos notar la conveniencia de derivar estos pacientes a centros especializados con experiencia en el manejo de esta patologia


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Hypertension, Portal , Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical
11.
Surg Gynecol Obstet ; 153(1): 53-6, 1981 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6972625

ABSTRACT

Twenty-three children with prehepatic portal hypertension and hemorrhage due to ruptured esophagogastric varices had portosystemic shunts. Their ages ranged from two years and seven months to 15 years. Eleven were less than eight years of age. Twenty patients had portal vein cavernomatosis and three patients had double portal veins. In 21 patients, a mesocaval type of shunt was done. A splenorenal shunt was performed in two. There was no surgical mortality. Two shunts occluded, both in rather young infants--two years and seven months and three years of age. In all the others, there was no further bleeding, and the shunts remained patent, as shown by abdominal angiograms. Neuropsychiatric disorders, probably due to hepatic encephalopathy, occurred in only one patient. On the basis of this favorable experience, we believe that an elective portosystemic shunt should, in general, be performed upon children with prehepatic portal hypertension after one major variceal hemorrhage. We favor a mesocaval type of shunt in these children because of the larger diameter of the vessels involved in the anastomosis and because it preserves the spleen, maintaining defense against subsequent infection.


Subject(s)
Hypertension, Portal/surgery , Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical/methods , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/surgery , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Humans , Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects , Stomach/blood supply , Varicose Veins/surgery
12.
Gastroenterology ; 80(3): 539-45, 1981 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7450444

ABSTRACT

To test the hypothesis that hepatic cholesterol synthesis and concentration are specifically increased in women and men with cholesterol gallstone disease, we studied in a series of 24 surgical liver biopsy specimens, the rate of acetate incorporation into cholesterol and CO2, and the concentration of free and esterified cholesterol. There were 6 women in each group of 12 control and 12 gallstone patients. Therefore, hypersecretion of biliary cholesterol, a common finding in Chileans with gallstones, is not pathologically linked to a basic biochemical abnormality in the hepatic cholesterogenic pathway. The concentrations of hepatic cholesterol were similar in patients with and without gallstones. However, there were significant increments of 37% in the free fraction and 78% in the esterified fraction of hepatic cholesterol in female subjects, irrespectively of the presence of cholelithiasis. These results suggest that the flux of lipoprotein cholesterol to the liver is increased in women. The regulatory mechanism of hepatic cholesterogenesis is less sensitive to cellular cholesterol in women than in men, as the fluxes of acetate into cholesterol are similar to both sexes, in spite of the significant increase of hepatic cholesterol in females. These findings demonstrate that sex factors play a fundamental role in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in the human liver.


Subject(s)
Cholelithiasis/metabolism , Cholesterol/biosynthesis , Liver/metabolism , Adult , Female , Humans , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Factors
13.
Rev Med Chil ; 109(3): 236-8, 1981 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6269168

ABSTRACT

PIP: The article presents the case of a healthy 29 year old woman, on oral contraception (OC) for a period of 4 years, hospitalized for peliosis hepatis. After radiography revealed the possible existence of an hepatoma, surgery was performed, and an hepatic carcinoma was completely resected. At 45 months after surgery there was no sign of recurrence of the problem. The etiology of peliosis hepatis is still not clear, but there is published evidence of the association between OC and hepatocarcinoma. It is very possible that, at least in the case presented here, peliosis hepatis as well as hepatocarcinoma were caused by prolonged OC treatment.^ieng


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/chemically induced , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Contraceptives, Oral/adverse effects , Liver Neoplasms/chemically induced , Peliosis Hepatis/chemically induced , Adult , Female , Humans , Liver/pathology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...