ABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Postoperative oedema is common following removal of impacted lower third molars. Several types of drug therapy (corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, enzymes) have been tried. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of low-power laser (LPL) and dexamethasone after surgical removal of impacted lower third molars under local anaesthesia (2% lidocaine/epinephrine). MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 120 healthy patients divided into four groups of 30 each. Group 1 received LPL irradiation immediately after operation (energy output 4 J/cm2 with constant power density of 50 mW, wavelength 637 nm); group 2 also received i.m. injection of 4 mg dexamethasone (Dexason) into the internal pterygoid muscle; group 3 received LPL irradiation supplemented by systemic dexamethasone (Dexason), 4 mg i.m. in the deltoid region, followed by 4 mg of dexamethasone intraorally 6h postoperatively; and the fourth (control) group received only the usual postoperative recommendations (cold packs, soft diet, etc.). RESULTS: LPL irradiation with local use of dexamethasone (group 2) resulted in a statistically significant reduction of postoperative oedema in comparison to the other groups. No adverse effects of the procedure or medication were observed. CONCLUSION: LPL irradiation after lower third molar surgery can be recommended to minimize swelling. The effect is enhanced by simultaneous local intramuscular use of dexamethasone.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Dexamethasone/administration & dosage , Edema/prevention & control , Low-Level Light Therapy , Molar, Third/surgery , Tooth Extraction/adverse effects , Administration, Oral , Combined Modality Therapy , Edema/etiology , Humans , Injections, Intramuscular , Mandible , Tooth, Impacted/surgeryABSTRACT
The article deals with the basic definitions and characteristics of ultrasound. The primary effects of ultrasound such as heat production, microstreaming, cavitation, chemical effects and biologic effects of ultrasound such as teratogeny and mutagenesis of the stronger doses without any clear evidence of deleterious effects, are described.
Subject(s)
Ultrasonics , Ultrasonography , Humans , Ultrasonography/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Developmental dysplasia of the hip has been a problem for over a thousand years. Clinical signs are insufficient for an exact diagnosis, X-ray diagnosis is reliable only at the age of six months and later. Advantages of ultrasound diagnosis (used immediately after birth), classification of findings and basic treatment are described.
