ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this rapid review was to explore how residential aged care staff conceptualise and identify elder abuse. METHODS: English-language publications, between 2000 and 2017, about elder abuse in residential aged care in developed countries were sought from three academic databases. Only perspectives on staff-to-resident and resident-to-resident abuse were included. RESULTS: Over 2000 articles were screened, and 19 journal articles were included in the review. A wide range of abusive behaviours was identified, but there was little common understanding of what constituted elder abuse. Furthermore, disparities in conceptualisations were greater for certain types of abuse (e.g. verbal, psychological and caregiving). CONCLUSION: Elder abuse in residential aged care was conceptualised and identified by staff in diverse and different ways. This lack of common understanding hinders the development of effective interventions and prevention strategies, which include staff education and training as well as significant structural and institutional changes.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Elder Abuse/psychology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Personnel/psychology , Homes for the Aged , Nursing Homes , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Bullying/psychology , Comprehension , Elder Abuse/classification , Elder Abuse/diagnosis , Emotions , Female , Health Services for the Aged , Humans , Male , Physical Abuse/psychology , Sex Offenses/psychology , Terminology as TopicABSTRACT
Mentoring in general practice nurtures personal and professional development among mentees and mentors and enhances organisational productivity. Yet, failure to define it leads to variations in understanding and practice and conflation with other educational approaches. As a result, mentoring in general practice is underutilised and poorly overseen. This review seeks to identify elements among successful mentoring relationships to aid the design of local mentoring programmes. Reports of undergraduate and postgraduate mentoring programmes in general practice were analysed thematically. A literature search of mentoring of junior postgraduates or undergraduates by experienced mentors in general practice between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2015 was done using PubMed, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and OVID. A total of 1973 abstracts were retrieved and 9 full-text articles were included and analysed. Three themes were identified, including the initiation of mentoring relationships, the mentoring relationship and the mentoring environment. Successful mentoring programmes pivot upon effective mentoring relationships. Based on the themes identified, a framework to guide practice, structure and oversight of the mentoring process is forwarded. Further context-specific study is needed to ensure the viability of the Mentoring Framework to better employ mentoring in general practice.
