Epidemiological analysis of the distribution of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in Osh Oblast in the Kyrgyz Republic, 2000-2013.

Alveolar and cystic echinococcosis are highly endemic in the Kyrgyz Republic. This report documents the numbers of recorded cases of these two diseases that have been reported in the past 14 years. The number of cases of echinococcosis has increased from approximately 550 to 1044 cases in 2013. This is an increase in incidence from 11.3 to 18.3 cases per 100,000 annually. In 2000 no cases of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) were reported in the Kyrgyz Republic. During this period the disease has emerged, with 148 cases reported in 2013 (2.6 cases per 100,000). Osh Oblast is a highly endemic focus for AE, with 60 cases reported in 2013 (6.0 per 100,000). The Alay Valley in the south of Osh Oblast reported the majority of AE cases for this region. In this valley, in 2013, 42 cases of AE were reported, which is a local incidence of 58 per 100,000.

[Intestinal parasitic diseases in the Batken Region, Kyrgyz Republic].

The paper compares the data of parasitological studies made according to the plan and epidemiological indications with the results of screening surveys of 1256 children from the Batken Region. The proportion of positive findings at the laboratories of therapeutic-and-prophylactic institutions was found to total 4.5%. According to the results of the screening surveys, the invasiveness was more than 100% with mixed invasions being kept in mind. Analysis of replies to questionnaires suggests that there was a high risk of infection in children. Thus, 84% of the respondents had bad habits; 62% did not wash fruits before eating. The Batken Region's population including 345984 persons was dehelmintized. The screening surveys carried out after dehelmintization revealed no ascarid eggs in 637 children. Health education on the prevention of parasitic diseases was simultaneously conducted.

Specific activity of tissue culture antirabic vaccine Rabivak-Vnukovo-32 with short intramuscular vaccination schedule.

Tissue culture rabies vaccine has been used for subcutaneous immunization of 158 subjects according to official instructions and also for intramuscular immunization of 128 subjects according to a short schedule with booster inoculations. All 286 subjects were either bitten or contaminated with saliva of rabid animals or animals suspected of having rabies. The 1168 serum samples were tested by neutralization test (NT) in mice, by radial haemolysis (RH) and by indirect haemagglutination (IHA). The highest, earliest and longest active post-vaccination immunity was registered after the most intensive subcutaneous vaccination course at a dose of 5 ml for 25 days with 3 booster inoculations. Subcutaneous inoculation of 3 ml vaccine for 12 days (36 ml) failed to produce a satisfactory elevation of antibody titre. After 2 to 4 booster inoculations, however, a satisfactory level of antibody was observed. The tissue culture vaccine was shown to have good prospects for clinical vaccination by intramuscular route. On intramuscular vaccination at 1.5 ml for 9 days with 6 booster inoculations on days 16, 23, 30, 37, 67 and 97 (initial vaccine volume 45 ml) the mean geometric antibody titres (MGT) reached 93, 160, 322 and 165 on days 30, 60, 90 and 112, respectively. The economically efficient and rapid IHA and RH tests were confirmed to be specific and suitable for titration of antirabies antibody.