ABSTRACT
New lupane beta-enaminoketones were synthesized by interaction of methyl 2-hydroxymethylene-3-oxolup-20(29)-en-28-oate with aliphatic amines. Immunotropic activity was found for some of these compounds.
Subject(s)
Immunosuppressive Agents/chemical synthesis , Triterpenes/chemical synthesis , Animals , Antibody Formation , Esters , Immunity, Cellular , Immunosuppressive Agents/chemistry , Immunosuppressive Agents/immunology , Ketones/chemical synthesis , Ketones/immunology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Male , Mice , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Structure-Activity Relationship , Triterpenes/chemistry , Triterpenes/immunologyABSTRACT
2-Alkylaminomethylene-19beta,28-epoxyolean-3-ones were obtained by interaction of 2-hydroxymethylene-19beta,28-epoxyolean-3-one with aliphatic amines. Some of the resulting substances exhibit immunotropic activity.
Subject(s)
Oleanolic Acid/chemical synthesis , Oleanolic Acid/immunology , Terpenes/chemical synthesis , Terpenes/immunology , Amines/chemistry , Amines/immunology , Animals , Male , Mice , Oleanolic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Oleanolic Acid/chemistry , Oleanolic Acid/pharmacology , Terpenes/chemistry , Terpenes/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The review of works of the authors devoted to the synthesis of low-molecular bioregulators with the use of unsaturated sugars is presented. The schemes of synthesis of insect pheromones and acetogenins and glycosphingolipids on the basis of glycals are discussed. The pathways of synthesis of triterpene 2-deoxy-alpha-glycosides are shown. The synthesis of prostanoids from levoglucosenone is considered.
Subject(s)
Biological Factors/chemical synthesis , Carbohydrates/chemistry , Animals , Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic/chemical synthesis , Glucose/analogs & derivatives , Glucose/chemical synthesis , Glycosides/chemical synthesis , Molecular Structure , Pheromones/chemical synthesis , Prostaglandins/chemical synthesis , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
The discussion of lupane triterpenoids as prospective medicinal preparations is continued, and semisynthetic triterpenoids are being discussed. Acyl derivatives that mainly exhibit high anti-HIV, antitumor, and organo-protective activities are described. The English version of the paper: Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 2006, vol. 32, no. 3; see also http://www.maik.ru.
Subject(s)
Analgesics/chemistry , Analgesics/pharmacology , Anti-HIV Agents/chemistry , Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Triterpenes/chemistry , Triterpenes/pharmacology , Analgesics/chemical synthesis , Animals , Anti-HIV Agents/chemical synthesis , Humans , Triterpenes/chemical synthesisABSTRACT
The biological activity of natural and semisynthetic lupane triterpenoids is discussed in a two-part review. The first part is devoted to the pharmacological properties of natural lupane triterpenoids. Betulinic acid has proven to be the most effective antitumor agent among more than fifty natural lupanes.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Triterpenes/chemistry , Triterpenes/pharmacology , Triterpenes/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Cell Line, Tumor , Humans , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Pentacyclic Triterpenes , Triterpenes/therapeutic use , Betulinic AcidSubject(s)
Aconitine/analogs & derivatives , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/administration & dosage , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Diterpenes, Kaurane/administration & dosage , Glucosides/administration & dosage , Sweetening Agents/administration & dosage , Aconitine/administration & dosage , Aconitine/chemistry , Animals , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/chemistry , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced , Diterpenes, Kaurane/chemistry , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Combinations , Drug Synergism , Glucosides/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Sweetening Agents/chemistryABSTRACT
Ozone depletion by anthropogenic gases has increased the atmospheric transmission of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-315 nm). There is a logical link between the natural defenses of terrestrial and marine organisms against UV radiation and the prevention of UV-induced damage to human skin. UV light degrades organic molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, giving rise to structural changes that directly affect their biological function. These compounds offer the potential for development of novel UV blockers for human use. The biological role of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) and scytonemin as a defense against solar radiation in organisms, together with their structure, synthesis, distribution, regulation and effectiveness, are reviewed in this article. This review points to the role of MAAs as a natural defense against UV radiation.
Subject(s)
Amino Acids/pharmacology , Sunscreening Agents/pharmacology , Ultraviolet Rays , Cyanobacteria/metabolism , Eukaryota/metabolism , Fungi/metabolism , Humans , Lichens/metabolismABSTRACT
Ethological study of a new agent fluoglyzine (fluoxetine analog) was carried out. Porsolt test revealed a positive antidepressant effect of fluoglyzine in mice with pronounced depression-like state. This effect was more pronounced than the effect of fluoxetine. Both drugs effectively improved communicative activity of experimental animals. Anxiety tests showed no anxiolytic effects of fluoglyzine and fluoxetine.
Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Fluoxetine/analogs & derivatives , Fluoxetine/therapeutic use , Stress, Psychological/drug therapy , Animals , Ethology , Fluoxetine/pharmacology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BLSubject(s)
Glycyrrhizic Acid/metabolism , Glycyrrhizic Acid/pharmacology , Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism , 5-Hydroxytryptophan/antagonists & inhibitors , 5-Hydroxytryptophan/metabolism , 5-Hydroxytryptophan/pharmacology , Animals , Antidepressive Agents/metabolism , Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Male , Maze Learning/drug effects , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , SwimmingABSTRACT
The effect of leukotriene E4 (LTE4) on the cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance was studied. It was shown to damage the heart pump function and to cause spasms of peripheral resistive vessels. LTE4 was also found to induce constriction of heart and cerebral human arteries due to calcium entering myoplasm from the environment and intracellular depot. Low LTE4 concentrations enhanced vascular wall sensitivity to different vasoactive agents, including thromboxane A2. Prostacyclin appeared to be LTE4 antagonist, preventing its vasoconstrictive action. The role of LTE4 as a systemic vasoconstrictive agent is discussed.
