Selective renal segmental artery embolization for hydronephrotic upper renal moiety: simple alternative to standard surgical resection.

Duplex kidney with an ectopic upper moiety ureter usually presents with urinary incontinence in young females. If the ectopic ureter belongs to a non-functioning moiety, it is treated with surgical resection of the moiety. Renal artery embolization has been used in patients with a poorly functioning kidney for various indications. In the present report, a 30-year old lady presented with continuous urinary incontinence with normal voids in between. On evaluation, she was found to have duplex left kidney with poorly functioning upper moiety associated with an ectopic ureter opening into the vagina. She underwent successful upper segmental renal artery embolization with no postoperative complications and uneventful recovery. Hence, renal artery embolization is a minimally invasive and well tolerated alternative to surgical partial or heminephrectomy for a non-functioning duplex renal moiety.

Internal pudendal artery embolization: A minimally invasive approach for bulbar artery pseudoaneurysm.

We report a case of 20-year-old young male with hematuria caused by bulbar artery pseudoaneurysm. There was neither history of trauma nor prior bladder catheterization. Nontraumatic, non-iatrogenic bulbar artery pseudoaneurysm is a very rare cause of hematuria. Endovascular management by gel foam embolization after selective catheterization of bulbar branch of internal pudendal artery was done. The reason behind gel foam embolization was that gel foam provides temporary arterial occlusion to allow time for mucosal healing and so erectile function will not be affected.

A critical study on efficiency of different materials for fluoride removal from aqueous media.

Fluoride is a persistent and non-biodegradable pollutant that accumulates in soil, plants, wildlife and in human beings. Therefore, knowledge of its removal, using best technique with optimum efficiency is needed. The present survey highlights on efficacy of different materials for the removal of fluoride from water. The most important results of extensive studies on various key factors (pH, agitation time, initial fluoride concentration, temperature, particle size, surface area, presence and nature of counter ions and solvent dose) fluctuate fluoride removal capacity of materials are reviewed.

Reactivation of Old Scars in an Elderly Man Revealing Löfgren's Syndrome.

Here, we report the case of a 55-year-old man with reactivation of old cutaneous scars associated with a febrile illness, episcleritis, polyarthralgias, erythema nodosum and hilar adenopathy. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed right paratracheal, bilateral hilar, and subcarinal lymphadenopathy without any nodular densities in both lung fields. A scar biopsy revealed multiple noncaseating granulomas and confirmed the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. A short course of oral steroids led to regression of systemic symptoms, and the scars returned to baseline size. This patient represented a rare case of simultaneous Löfgren's syndrome and scar sarcoidosis.

T2*-weighted MR angiography substantially increases the detection of hemorrhage in the wall of brain abscess: implications in clinical interpretation.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the present study was to identify the true prevalence of hemorrhage in the abscess using T2*-weighted angiography (SWAN) imaging and to study its influence on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics. METHODS: Fifteen patients of brain abscess underwent conventional, SWAN, and DT imaging on a 3-T MRI followed by its confirmation with histology. DTI metrics were quantified by region-of-interest analysis on hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic regions of the abscess wall. Prussian blue staining was performed on excised abscess walls to confirm hemorrhage on histology. RESULTS: Eleven of 15 patients showed evidence of hemorrhage on both Prussian blue staining as well as SWAN imaging. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and linear anisotropy (CL) values were significantly higher, while spherical anisotropy was significantly lower in hemorrhagic compared to non-hemorrhagic regions of the abscess wall. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhage in the abscess wall is a common feature and may not always indicate neoplasm. The presence of intracellular iron in addition to concentrically laid collagen fibers may have synergistic effect on FA and CL values in the abscess wall. Inclusion of SWAN to MRI protocol will define the true prevalence of hemorrhage in brain abscess.