Leucoaféresis en el tratamiento del síndrome de drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms / Leukapheresis in the management of drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome

No disponible

Utilización de las terapias de depuración extracorpórea en los Servicios de Medicina Intensiva de Cataluña (España) / Renal replacement therapy in Intensive Care Units in Catalonia (Spain)

OBJETIVOS: Conocer los tipos de terapias de depuración extracorpórea (TDE) utilizadas en los Servicios de Medicina Intensiva (SMI), sus indicaciones y pautas de prescripción. DISEÑO: Estudio multicéntrico observacional y prospectivo. ÁMBITO: Servicios de Medicina Intensiva. PACIENTES: Todos los pacientes ingresados en los SMI que requirieron TDE durante 2 meses en 2011.Intervenciones Ninguna.VARIABLES DE INTERÉS: Características demográficas y basales de los pacientes, características de las TDE y materiales utilizados. RESULTADOS: Se analizó a 33 pacientes. Las TDE se iniciaron en las primeras 24 h de ingreso en un 52% (n = 17). En un 18% (n = 6) de pacientes se inició en el estadio R de disfunción renal aguda (DRA) según el RIFLE. La patología más frecuente asociada a la DRA fue el síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica en un 64% (n = 21). El 24% (n = 8) mantenía estabilidad hemodinámica al inicio de la TDE y el tipo de terapia más utilizada en estos pacientes fueron las terapias continuas de depuración extracorpórea (TCDE) en un 63% (n = 5). El 76% (n = 25) de los pacientes presentaron inestabilidad hemodinámica y en todos la terapia utilizada fue la TCDE. Se utilizó anticoagulación en un 55% (n = 18) de casos y la vía de acceso preferida fue la femoral derecha en un 61% (n = 20). En el 84% (n = 28) de los pacientes se utilizó una dosis pautada de ultrafiltración ≤ 35 ml/kg/h. CONCLUSIONES: Los SMI estudiados siguen las recomendaciones actuales del uso de las TDE. Existe una mayor preferencia de las terapias continuas frente a las intermitentes, indistintamente al estado hemodinámico del paciente

OBJECTIVE: To assess the indications, settings and techniques used in renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, multicenter observational study was carried out. SETTING: Intensive Care Units. PATIENTS: All patients admitted to ICUs during the two-month study period in 2011 who required RRT. Interventions None. VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Patient demographic characteristics, baseline clinical data, RRT technique and materials used. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were analyzed. RRT was started within the first 24hours after ICU admission in 17 of the 33 patients (52%). At the start of RRT, 18% of the patients (n = 6) presented grade R on the RIFLE acute kidney injury (AKI) scale. The most common disorder associated with AKI was multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (64%; n = 21). At the start of RRT, most patients (76%; n = 25) presented hemodynamic instability, while the remaining 24% (n = 8) were considered hemodynamically stable. The most common RRT technique in hemodynamically stable patients was continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (63%; n = 5). CRRT was the technique of choice in all 25 of the hemodynamically unstable patients (100%). Anticoagulation was used in 55% (n = 18) of the patients. In most cases (61%, n = 20), RRT was administered through the right femoral vein. In 84% (n = 28) of the patients, the ultrafiltration effluent flow rate was ≤ 35 ml/kg/h. CONCLUSIONS: The ICU physicians in this study followed current RRT guidelines. CRRT was preferred over intermittent renal replacement therapy, regardless of patient hemodynamic status

[Renal replacement therapy in Intensive Care Units in Catalonia (Spain)]. / Utilización de las terapias de depuración extracorpórea en los Servicios de Medicina Intensiva de Cataluña (España).

OBJECTIVE: To assess the indications, settings and techniques used in renal replacement therapy (RRT) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, multicenter observational study was carried out. SETTING: Intensive Care Units. PATIENTS: All patients admitted to ICUs during the two-month study period in 2011 who required RRT. INTERVENTIONS: None. VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Patient demographic characteristics, baseline clinical data, RRT technique and materials used. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were analyzed. RRT was started within the first 24hours after ICU admission in 17 of the 33 patients (52%). At the start of RRT, 18% of the patients (n=6) presented grade R on the RIFLE acute kidney injury (AKI) scale. The most common disorder associated with AKI was multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (64%; n=21). At the start of RRT, most patients (76%; n=25) presented hemodynamic instability, while the remaining 24% (n=8) were considered hemodynamically stable. The most common RRT technique in hemodynamically stable patients was continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (63%; n=5). CRRT was the technique of choice in all 25 of the hemodynamically unstable patients (100%). Anticoagulation was used in 55% (n=18) of the patients. In most cases (61%, n=20), RRT was administered through the right femoral vein. In 84% (n=28) of the patients, the ultrafiltration effluent flow rate was ≤ 35ml/kg/h. CONCLUSIONS: The ICU physicians in this study followed current RRT guidelines. CRRT was preferred over intermittent renal replacement therapy, regardless of patient hemodynamic status.

[Analysis of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the critical patient]. / Análisis de la lipocalina asociada a la gelatinasa de neutrófilos en el paciente crítico.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if NGAL value exceeding 150 ng/mL is a good diagnostic test for acute renal failure in critically ill patients. DESIGN: Prospective, observational cohort. SETTING: Intensive Care Unit and Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Service at Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol. PARTICIPANTS: Patients admitted to the Intensive Care department the Designated days in the studio. INTERVENTIONS: Analysis of serum creatinine blood given from 7 days prior to the start of the study, and daily during 4 weeks and by determination of NGAL urine test in frozen sample, analyzer ARCHITECT (Abbott Diagnostics) determined by immunoassay the day baseline and 2 times a week for 4 weeks, analysis of the stay and mortality. RESULTS: A total of 529 NGAL samples were obtained from 46 patients. 37% of patients had a value of NGAL>150 ng/mL. The Sensivity of the test to diagnose acute renal failure was 69%, Specifity was 75,7%. However, the Positive Predictive Test Value was 53%, which means that 47% of patients with high NGAL did not develop AKI. A NGAL >150 mg/dL was associated with a significantly higher SOFA and a longer stay in the ICU. The mortality of patients with elevated NGAL was 58.8%. CONCLUSIONS: A NGAL>150 ng/mL does not seem to be an excellent test for AKI in critically ill patients but is associated with a worse prognosis.

Cirugía cardíaca en pacientes de edad avanzada / Cardiac surgery in elderly patients

Objetivo. Comparar la morbilidad y la mortalidad de los pacientes de cirugía cardíaca de acuerdo a la edad inferior o superior a 75 años. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Pacientes. Dos mil cuatrocientos setenta pacientes consecutivos ingresados en el postoperatorio inmediato tras cirugía cardíaca en nuestra Unidad de Medicina Intensiva entre noviembre de 2000 y diciembre de 2005. De ellos, 1.983 eran menores de 75 años y 497 mayores de 75 años. Se han incluido todos los pacientes con cirugía, tanto programada como urgente y emergente. Principales variables de interés. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular (diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial y dislipidemia), European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) y EuroSCORE logístico, estancia, mortalidad, complicaciones durante la estancia en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Resultados. La mortalidad hospitalaria de los pacientes mayores de 74 años fue significativamente superior (9,2% frente a 4,3%, p < 0,05). La morbilidad de los pacientes mayores de 74 también fue superior (EuroSCORE 8,2 ± 2,7 frente a 4,9 ± 3,3, p < 0,001). Tanto la estancia en la UCI como la estancia hospitalaria fueron significativamente superiores en los pacientes mayores de 74 años. Conclusiones. En nuestra serie tanto la morbilidad como la mortalidad de los mayores de 74 es superior, lo que conlleva peores resultados en la cirugía cardíaca de estos pacientes

Objective. To compare morbidity and mortality of cardiac surgery patients according to age below or above 75 years. Design. Descriptive retrospective study. Patients. A total of 2,470 consecutive patients admitted to our Intensive Medicine Unit between November 2000 and December 2005 who were in the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery. Of these patients, 1,983 were younger than 75 years and 497 were older than 75 years. Main variables of interest. Cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia), EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) and logistic EuroSCORE, length of stay, mortality, complications during Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay. Results. In-hospital mortality of patients older than 74 years was significantly higher (9.2% versus 4.2%, p < 0.05). The morbidity of patients over 74 years of age was also significantly higher (EuroSCORE 8.2 ± 2.7 versus 4.9 ± 3.3, p < 0.001). Both ICU stay and hospital stay were significantly higher in those over 74 years of age. Conclusions. In our series both morbidity and mortality were higher in those older than 74 years of age group, which entails worse results in cardiac surgery of these patients

[Cardiac surgery in elderly patients]. / Cirugía cardíaca en pacientes de edad avanzada.

OBJECTIVE: To compare morbidity and mortality of cardiac surgery patients according to age below or above 75 years. DESIGN: Descriptive retrospective study. PATIENTS: A total of 2,470 consecutive patients admitted to our Intensive Medicine Unit between November 2000 and December 2005 who were in the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery. Of these patients, 1,983 were younger than 75 years and 497 were older than 75 years. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia), EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) and logistic EuroSCORE, length of stay, mortality, complications during Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay. RESULTS: In-hospital mortality of patients older than 74 years was significantly higher (9.2% versus 4.2%, p < 0.05). The morbidity of patients over 74 years of age was also significantly higher (EuroSCORE 8.2 +/- 2.7 versus 4.9 +/- 3.3, p < 0.001). Both ICU stay and hospital stay were significantly higher in those over 74 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: In our series both morbidity and mortality were higher in those older than 74 years of age group, which entails worse results in cardiac surgery of these patients.