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2.
Neurocrit Care ; 39(1): 191-197, 2023 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37131089

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Rebleeding from a ruptured aneurysm increases the risk of unfavorable outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is prevented by early aneurysm occlusion. The role of antifibrinolytics before aneurysm obliteration remains controversial. We investigated the effects of tranexamic acid on long-term functional outcomes of patients with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH). METHODS: This was a single-center, prospective, observational study conducted in a high-volume tertiary hospital in a middle-income country from December 2016 to February 2020. We included all consecutive patients with aSAH who either received or did not receive tranexamic acid (TXA) treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis using propensity score was used to evaluate the association of TXA use with long-term functional outcomes, measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 230 patients with aSAH were analyzed. The median (interquartile range) age was 55 (46-63) years, 72% were women, 75% presented with good clinical grade (World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade 1-3), and 83% had a Fisher scale of 3 or 4. Around 80% of patients were admitted up to 72 h from ictus. The aneurysm occlusion method was surgical clipping in 80% of the patients. A total of 129 patients (56%) received TXA. In multivariable logistic regression using inverse probability treatment weighting, the long-term rate of unfavorable outcomes (modified Rankin scale 4-6) was the same in the TXA and non-TXA groups (61 [48%] in TXA group vs. 33 [33%] in non-TXA group; odds ratio [OR] 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-2.92; p = 0.377). The TXA group had higher in-hospital mortality (33 vs. 11% in non-TXA group; OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.55-12.53, p = 0.007). There were no differences between the groups concerning intensive care unit length of stay (16 ± 11.22 days in TXA group vs. 14 ± 9.24 days in non-TXA group; p = 0.2) or hospital (23 ± 13.35 days in TXA group vs. 22 ± 13.36 days in non-TXA group; p = 0.9). There was no difference in the rates of rebleeding (7.8% in TXA group vs. 8.9% in non-TXA group; p = 0.31) or delayed cerebral ischemia (27% in TXA group vs. 19% in non-TXA group; p = 0.14). For the propensity-matched analysis, 128 individuals were selected (64 in TXA group and 64 in non-TXA group), and the rates of unfavorable outcomes at 6 months were also similar between groups (45% in TXA group and 36% in non-TXA group; OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.51-2.89; p = 0.655). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings in a cohort with delayed aneurysm treatment reinforce previous data that TXA use before aneurysm occlusion does not improve functional outcomes in aSAH.


Subject(s)
Aneurysm, Ruptured , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage , Tranexamic Acid , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Male , Tranexamic Acid/pharmacology , Tranexamic Acid/therapeutic use , Prospective Studies , Brazil , Propensity Score , Treatment Outcome , Aneurysm, Ruptured/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies
3.
Porto Alegre; s.n; 2020. 30 p.
Monography in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS | ID: biblio-1151730

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O farmacêutico clínico hospitalar executa ações importantes na otimização da terapia medicamentosa de pacientes e na redução de eventos adversos relacionados a medicamentos. Na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, esses eventos são mais passíveis de ocorrer devido à complexidade do cuidado e o grande número de medicamentos utilizados. Para isto, o farmacêutico deve estar inserido na equipe multidisciplinar. Sabe-se que a implementação de rounds multidisciplinares está relacionada a uma assistência de qualidade, mas faltam estudos que demonstrem a influência dos rounds no cuidado farmacêutico. Objetivo: Comparar o perfil das orientações farmacêuticas prestadas antes e após a implementação de round multidisciplinar na UTI de um hospital público referência em trauma de Porto Alegre. Métodos: Estudo observacional por análise retrospectiva do banco de dados de intervenções farmacêuticas do Serviço de Farmácia da instituição, no período de 17 de julho de 2017 a 17 de julho de 2019, correspondente às intervenções realizadas 12 meses antes e 12 meses após a implementação do round multidisciplinar na UTI. Resultados: As intervenções foram direcionadas a 856 pacientes com idade média de 51 anos (dp=19,4), predominantemente do sexo masculino e neurocirurgia. Foram realizadas 1276 intervenções antes e 1348 após a incorporação do round. Nos dois períodos houve predomínio das orientações eletrônicas, mas no momento posterior ao check-list ocorreu um aumento de 113% de intervenções verbais. A aceitabilidade foi de 77,4% e 74% nos períodos antes e após o round, respectivamente. Os grupos de medicamentos mais prevalentes foram os anti-infecciosos de uso sistêmico, seguidos pelos fármacos atuantes no sistema nervoso, sistema digestivo e metabolismo. Os tipos de intervenções mais ...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pharmaceutical Services , Unified Health System , Public Health , Drug Therapy , Intensive Care Units
4.
Clin. biomed. res ; 37(3): 181-186, 2017. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-859777

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Discrepâncias nos registros eletrônicos de medicamentos são frequentes e podem levar a erros relacionados a medicamentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as discrepâncias entre os registros médicos e farmacêuticos da terapia medicamentosa de pacientes com fibrose cística de um ambulatório multidisciplinar de pneumologia infantil do Sul do Brasil Métodos: Estudo transversal com coleta de dados retrospectiva através de prontuário eletrônico de pacientes que foram atendidos no ambulatório de um centro de referência para Fibrose Cística entre maio e junho de 2016. Os registros médicos e farmacêuticos foram comparados e as discrepâncias quantificadas e classificadas. Resultados: Foram analisados 81 registros de consultas ambulatoriais de 76 pacientes. Oitenta medicamentos constavam nos registros, sendo os mais frequentes polivitamínicos, enzimas pancreáticas, dornase alfa, ácido ursodesoxicólico e solução salina hipertônica. Foram identificadas discrepâncias em 96% dos registros, totalizando 245 discrepâncias, entre elas omissões de medicamentos no registro farmacêutico (102) e no médico (80), além de doses (41) e regimes terapêuticos (23) diferentes. Foram observadas omissões de dose no registro farmacêutico (63) e no médico (52) e omissões de regime (11) em ambos. Conclusão: A elevada taxa de discrepâncias corrobora com os resultados de diversos estudos. A conciliação tem o objetivo de promover o uso racional e diminuir os erros relacionados a medicamentos, podendo ser realizada de maneira sistematizada. A avaliação da qualidade do uso de medicamentos pode ser feita através da utilização de indicadores, sendo as discrepâncias um indicador sensível para este objetivo (AU)


Introduction: Discrepancies in electronic records of medication are frequent and may lead to drug-related errors. This study aims to analyze discrepancies between medical and pharmaceutical records of pharmacotherapy in patients with cystic fibrosis in a multidisciplinary pediatric pulmonology outpatient hospital in southern Brazil. Methods: Transversal study with retrospective data collection through electronic medical records of patients assisted in the outpatient room of a reference center for cystic fibrosis within May and June 2016. Both records, medical and pharmaceutical, were compared and unconformities were quantified and classified. Results: An amount of 81 records of 76 patients were analyzed. A total of 80 medications were observed in the records, most frequently multivitamins, pancreatic enzymes, dornase alpha, ursodesoxycholic acid and hypertonic saline solution. The discrepancies were present in 96% of records, totaling 245 discrepancies, among them omissions of medication in the pharmaceutical records (102) and in the medical records (80), doses (41) and different therapy regimes (23). We observed omissions in pharmaceutical records (63), in medical records (52) and in both (11). Conclusion: The high level of discrepancies endorses results of a variety of studies. Reconciliation has the objective of promoting rational use and diminishing errors related to medication, when performed systematically. The evaluation of quality use of medication might be performed through the use of indicators, considering the discrepancy a sensible indicator for this goal (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Cystic Fibrosis/drug therapy , Medical Records Systems, Computerized/statistics & numerical data , Medication Errors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drug Prescriptions , Retrospective Studies
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