ABSTRACT
Dengue virus (DENV) causes various clinical symptoms of differing severity based on time of infections. The existing laboratory methods, semi-nested PCR and Dengue IgM ELISA, still have limitations for diagnosis. A commercially available rapid immunochromatographic dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibody tests in comparison with semi-nested PCR and IgM ELISA for confirmation of DENV infection were evaluated. In total, 237 single acute serum specimens and 50 paired sera of dengue patients were examined using the rapid dengue NS1 antigen test, IgM antibody test, semi-nested PCR and Dengue IgM ELISA. The NS1 and IgM rapid tests showed sensitivity of 70.6%, and 75.6%, respectively, and specificity of 73.4% and 97.1%, respectively. The combination of NS1 and IgM tests enhanced diagnosis. Thus rapid dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibody tests are highly appropriate for diagnosis of dengue infection as it is rapid, easily applicable, sensitive and highly specific.
Subject(s)
Chromatography/methods , Dengue Virus/isolation & purification , Dengue/diagnosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Viral Nonstructural Proteins/isolation & purification , Antigens, Viral/isolation & purification , Chromatography/standards , Dengue Virus/genetics , Dengue Virus/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/standards , Humans , Immunoglobulin M/analysis , Polymerase Chain Reaction/standards , RNA, Viral/analysis , Sensitivity and Specificity , ThailandABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the pathogenesis of vascular leakage in patients with dengue virus infection. Serum samples from 24 children with serologically confirmed dengue virus infection (dengue fever [DF], 16; dengue hemorrhagic fever [DHF], 8; age, 9.5+/-2.4 years; 67% male] were analyzed for MMP-9 during the febrile and toxic stages and at follow-up. Serum samples obtained from 7 healthy children were used as controls. Serum MMP-9 levels in patients with dengue virus infection were found to be lower at the febrile (227.0+/-186.9 ng/ml) and toxic stages (150.9+/-151.7 ng/ml) than at follow-up (424.5+/-227.8 ng/ml) or in the control group (393.3+/-125.9 ng/ml, P<0.001 by one-way ANOVA). There was no significant difference between MMP-9 levels in patients with DHF and those with DF at any stage of the disease. In conclusion, MMP-9 levels are reduced during the febrile and toxic stages of dengue virus infection.
