ABSTRACT
Mechanical loading is one of the key factors that influence bone mass and the osseointegration of bone-anchored implants. From a clinical point of view, mechanical stimulation may be used to enhance bone strength and implant osseointegration. Among the many loading parameters that influence the response to mechanical loading, the effects of loading frequency and rate have been investigated in many studies. In this paper the most relevant animal studies that have addressed the effect of loading frequency, rate, and vibration on either bone adaptation or implant osseointegration are systematically reviewed. Apparently contradictory results are discussed and interpreted within the context of mechanotransduction and mechanoregulation of bone. A combined experimental and computational approach is suggested to address some of the remaining research questions.
Subject(s)
Bone Density/physiology , Bone and Bones/physiology , Osseointegration/physiology , Animals , Bone Remodeling/physiology , Humans , Prostheses and ImplantsABSTRACT
Multiple and ripetitive mammary fibroadenomas represent a rare disease. The etiology is uncertain. The diagnostic radiology is able to allow a correct diagnosis. The authors report a case of a woman 22 years old undergone a surgical treatment many times to remove multiple and ripetitive mammary fibroadenomas. The proposed management provides for periodic radiological exams; the surgical treatment is proposed only for the lesions with a rapid growth.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Fibroadenoma/surgery , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/surgery , Adult , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Of unknown etiology, mainly located on the upper limbs, the nodular fasciitis nowadays is considered as a reactive inflammatory lesion more than a neoplastic one. With very few symptoms, it can be diagnosed through histology and the extent of the excision is related to the report of the pathological examination.
Subject(s)
Fasciitis/pathology , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Sarcoma/pathologyABSTRACT
By clinical observation and surgical treatment of a patient with a primitive lymphoma of the breast, the authors describe the nosological approach, the correct diagnosis and the relative surgical treatment in that disease.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Lymphoma , Aged, 80 and over , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Female , Humans , Lymphoma/diagnosis , Lymphoma/surgeryABSTRACT
We report a case of eosinophilic cystitis (EC) in a 65-year-old man with urethral stricture disease from blunt pelvic traumatic event. EC is a rare condition characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the bladder wall, that usually presents with irritative voiding symptoms, suprapubic pain and hematuria. Etiology is still not clear although a review of the literature suggests that pathogenetic mechanisms probably engage an altered immune response in the bladder, with the inflammatory reaction caused by factors such as exogenous allergens and previous bladder injury or surgery to the bladder or the prostate. The diagnosis of EC has to be confirmed by biopsy, since in some cases it may manifest as other inflammatory and malignant bladder disorders. A conservative medical management is indicated initially, since this disease may be self-limited, with a benign course especially in children and young patients. In adults EC is more often a chronic recurrent condition that requires close follow-up since it may lead to serious progressive bladder and/or upper urinary tract disease. More invasive therapies (including transurethral resection, partial or total cystectomy) may also be required when conservative therapy fails.
Subject(s)
Cystitis/etiology , Eosinophilia/etiology , Urethra/injuries , Urethral Stricture/etiology , Accidents, Traffic , Aged , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Cystitis/diagnosis , Cystitis/drug therapy , Cystitis/pathology , Cystoscopy , Eosinophilia/diagnosis , Eosinophilia/drug therapy , Eosinophilia/pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Prognosis , Recurrence , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Urethral Stricture/diagnosis , Urethral Stricture/therapy , Urinary Bladder/pathologyABSTRACT
The Authors, reporting a recent case of small bowel lymphoma, review progress in diagnosis, methodology and therapeutical approach. They also stress the crucial role of surgery as diagnostic and therapeutic tool, sometimes curative in early stages, and however necessary for a proper staging and definition of these rare neoplasms of intestinal tube.
Subject(s)
Ileal Neoplasms , Liver Failure, Acute , Female , Humans , Ileal Neoplasms/classification , Ileal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ileal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Ileal Neoplasms/etiology , Ileal Neoplasms/surgery , Liver Failure, Acute/classification , Liver Failure, Acute/diagnosis , Liver Failure, Acute/etiology , Liver Failure, Acute/surgery , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Taking the starting point from their own experience and looking at the most recent literature, the Authors report the prospects about the surgical treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.
