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1.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 75(6): 532-538, Aug. 28, 2022. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-209633

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The diuretic renal scan (MAG3) continues being the gold standard to test the improvement of the urinary drainage after pyeloplasty. Recent researches suggest that there are certain parameters of ultrasound (US) that may indicate an adequate urinary drainage during the follow-up. Our aim is to prove if the measurement of the anteroposterior diameter (APD) of renal pelvis by USS after the pyeloplasty may be a valid screening method to select those patients who also require a MAG3. Methods: We retrospectively study the patients who underwent pyeloplasty between 2010 and 2019. The sample was divided in two groups depending of the increase or non-increase in the pelvic APD on postoperative US. The results of the MAG3 and the US of both groups were compared in relation to the presence or absence of obstruction and the need for repyeloplasty. Results: We included a total of 124 pyeloplasty, with a median age of 6 months (IQR 4–36); 12 patients showed an increase in pelvic APD, of those 5 had an obstructive MAG3 and renal function >10%, requiring reoperation. Of the 112 patients in whom the pelvic APD did not increase, only one patient needed reoperation due to obstruction in the MAG3, showing the same pre and postoperative pelvic APD. The sensitivity (S) of the US was 83.33% and the specificity (E) was 94.07%. Conclusion: A decrease of the renal pelvic APD between US before and after surgery appears to be enough to exclude those patients who will not to develop a recurrence of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). In the rest of the patients, it would be necessary study the urinary drainage using MAG3, avoiding its inherent drawbacks in all patients undergoing pyeloplasty (AU)


Introducción: El renograma diurético (MAG3) continúa siendo la prueba principal para determinar la mejoradel drenaje urinario tras la pieloplastia. Trabajos recientessugieren que ciertos parámetros de la ecografía pueden indicar un adecuado drenaje urinario en el seguimiento. Nuestro objetivo es determinar si la medición del diámetro antero posterior (DAP) de la pelvis renal por ecografía trasla pieloplastia puede ser un método de cribado válido paraseleccionar a aquellos pacientes que requieren además unMAG3.Material y Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes intervenidos mediante pieloplastiaentre los años 2010 y 2019. En todos se realizó ecografíay MAG3 pre y postoperatorio recogiendo diferentes datos.La muestra se dividió en dos grupos en relación al aumentoo no aumento del DAP de la pelvis en la ecografía postoperatoria. Los resultados de la ecografía y MAG3 de ambosgrupos se compararon en relación a la presencia o ausenciade obstrucción y la necesidad de reintervención. A su vezse calcularon la sensibilidad y especificidad de la ecografíaen relación al aumento del DAP de la pelvis.Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 124 pieloplastias, con una mediana de edad de 6 meses (RIQ 4–36); 12pacientes mostraron un aumento del DAP de la pelvis, delos cuales el MAG3 fue obstructivo y con función renal>10% en 5, siendo necesario reintervención. De los 112pacientes en los que el DAP de la pelvis no aumentó, soloun paciente necesitó reintervención al tener obstrucción enel MAG3, mostrando un DAP de la pelvis pre y postoperatorio con el mismo valor. La sensibilidad de la ecografíafue de 83.33% y la especificidad de 94.07%.Conclusión: Una disminución en el DAP de la pelvisrenal entre la ecografía pre y postquirúrgica parece suficiente para descartar aquellos pacientes que no van a desarrollar una reestenosis de la unión ureteropélvica... (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Ureteral Obstruction/surgery , Hydronephrosis/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Follow-Up Studies
2.
Actas urol. esp ; 44(10): 659-664, dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-195508

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVO: La coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ha ocasionado una pandemia de repercusión mundial que obligó a tomar medidas sociopolíticas, como la declaración del estado de alarma en España. Paralelamente se llevó a cabo la reestructuración de las actividades e infraestructuras médico-quirúrgicas pediátricas, con la consecuente suspensión de la actividad quirúrgica no urgente de Urología Pediátrica. Analizamos la repercusión de la pandemia COVID-19 sobre la actividad quirúrgica en una sección de Urología Pediátrica, así como las complicaciones quirúrgicas, según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se procedió a la revisión sistemática de los datos epidemiológicos, clínicos y quirúrgicos, incluyendo las complicaciones y reingresos de todos los pacientes intervenidos en la sección de Urología Pediátrica desde la declaración del estado de alarma hasta el levantamiento del mismo. Para su estudio se procedió a la división en cinco bloques temporales acorde a las fases de desescalada. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron 49 intervenciones quirúrgicas en 45 pacientes (ocho previos a la implantación de las fases de desescalada). La patología con prioridad alta fue la más frecuente en las primeras fases, siendo la estenosis de la unión pieloureteral (EPU) la más prevalente. Se registraron cuatro complicaciones (8,8%), ninguna de ellas de origen respiratorio. CONCLUSIONES: Las recomendaciones de la EAU para la reanudación de la actividad quirúrgica han permitido una correcta, segura y gradual transición al ritmo quirúrgico habitual en Urología Pediátrica. La clasificación de Clavien-Dindo es útil y válida para su aplicación en esta sección. No se han registrados complicaciones respiratorias que pudiesen ser atribuibles a la situación pandémica


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a pandemic of global impact that forced social-political measures to be taken, such as the declaration of the state of alarm in Spain. At the same time, the reorganization of the pediatric medical-surgical activities and infrastructures was carried out, with the consequent suspension of the non-urgent surgical activity of Pediatric Urology. We analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical activity in a Pediatric Urology division, as well as surgical complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of epidemiological, clinical and surgical data was carried out, including complications and readmissions of all patients operated on in the division of Pediatric Urology within the duration of the state of alarm. Five time periods have been created according to the de-escalation phases. RESULTS: Forty-nine surgical procedures were carried out on 45 patients (8 prior to the implementation of the de-escalation phases). High priority pathologies were the most frequent in the first phases, being the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction the most prevalent. Four complications were recorded (8.8%), none of them were respiratory. CONCLUSIONS: The EAU recommendations for the resumption of surgical activity have allowed a correct, safe and gradual transition to the routine surgical activity in Pediatric Urology. The Clavien-Dindo classification is useful and valid for application in this division. No respiratory complications have been reported that could be attributable to the pandemic situation


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pandemics , Postoperative Complications/classification , Betacoronavirus , Urologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Patient Readmission , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prune Belly Syndrome/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Urologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Urology Department, Hospital , Spain/epidemiology
3.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 44(10): 659-664, 2020 Dec.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33069488

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a pandemic of global impact that forced social-political measures to be taken, such as the declaration of the state of alarm in Spain. At the same time, the reorganization of the pediatric medical-surgical activities and infrastructures was carried out, with the consequent suspension of the non-urgent surgical activity of Pediatric Urology. We analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical activity in a Pediatric Urology division, as well as surgical complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of epidemiological, clinical and surgical data was carried out, including complications and readmissions of all patients operated on in the division of Pediatric Urology within the duration of the state of alarm. Five time periods have been created according to the de-escalation phases. RESULTS: Forty-nine surgical procedures were carried out on 45 patients (8 prior to the implementation of the de-escalation phases). High priority pathologies were the most frequent in the first phases, being the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction the most prevalent. Four complications were recorded (8.8%), none of them were respiratory. CONCLUSIONS: The EAU recommendations for the resumption of surgical activity have allowed a correct, safe and gradual transition to the routine surgical activity in Pediatric Urology. The Clavien-Dindo classification is useful and valid for application in this division. No respiratory complications have been reported that could be attributable to the pandemic situation.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Pandemics , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Urologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Postoperative Complications/classification , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prune Belly Syndrome/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Urologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Urology Department, Hospital
4.
Actas urol. esp ; 43(7): 384-388, sept. 2019. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-192176

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El abanico de indicaciones del tratamiento endoscópico del reflujo vesicoureteral (RVU) se abre cada vez más hasta incluir la corrección del reflujo secundario tras cirugía de reimplante ureteral. No obstante, este escenario supone un reto técnico debido a los cambios posquirúrgicos. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento endoscópico del RVU en unidades ureterales con reimplante tipo Cohen, con especial interés en las particularidades técnicas del procedimiento. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo de casos de RVU secundario tras cirugía de reimplante tratados mediante inyección subureteral. Técnica: Se coloca la aguja perpendicular al trayecto submucoso y se inyecta medial al orificio, formándose un habón en la cara anterior que ocluya el meato. Resultados: En el periodo comprendido entre 1993 y 2016 se realizaron 21 inyecciones sobre 15 unidades ureterales. La afección ureteral incluía el RVU primario (4), sistema dúplex con RVU al pielón inferior (4), megauréter (3) y ureterocele (2). La edad media de los pacientes fue de 5,7 años (rango: 2-12 años). El éxito se logró en 10 unidades ureterales (66,67%), disminución del grado de RVU en 4 (26,67%) y persistencia/no resolución en un caso (6,67%). Discusión: El mecanismo antirreflujo del reimplante depende de optimizar el trayecto submucoso. Este subgrupo de pacientes es pequeño y los estudios son escasos lo que dificulta el acuerdo sobre la técnica más adecuada. Conclusión: El tratamiento endoscópico del reflujo secundario tras cirugía de reimplante transtrigonal es un procedimiento con cierta particularidad técnica, pero seguro y eficaz que ofrece una alternativa previa a la reintervención quirúrgica


Introduction: The range of indications for endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux opens more and more until including correction of secondary reflux (VUR) after ureteral reimplantation. However these cases suppose a technical challenge due to postoperative changes. The aim of this work is to present our experience on endoscopic treatment for VUR in ureteral units with Cohen reimplantation surgery, with special interest in the technical peculiarities of the procedure. Material and methods: A retrospective study of cases of secondary VUR after reimplantation surgery treated by subureteral injection. Technique: We put the needle perpendicular to submucous tunnel and inject medially to hole forming a wheal on the anterior face that occludes the meatus. Results: During the 1993-2016 period 21 injections were performed in 15 ureteral units. The ureteral pathology included primary VUR (4), duplex system with lower pole reflux (4), megaureter (3) and ureterocele (2). Average patient age was 5.7 years old (2-12). Succesful outcome had been got in 10 ureteral units (66.67%), a decrease of VUR grade in 4 (26.67%) and perseverance/no resolution of grade IV VUR in 1 (6.67%). Discussion: The anti-reflux mechanism of reimplantation depends on optimizing the submucosous tunnel. This subgroup of pacients is small and there are few studies, hindering the agreement on the most appropiate technique. Conclusion: Endoscopic treatment of secondary reflux after reimplantation surgery is a procedure with certain technical feature, but safe and effective offering an alternative prior to surgical reoperation


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Retrospective Studies , Endoscopy
5.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 43(7): 384-388, 2019 Sep.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31103394

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The range of indications for endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux opens more and more until including correction of secondary reflux (VUR) after ureteral reimplantation. However these cases suppose a technical challenge due to postoperative changes. The aim of this work is to present our experience on endoscopic treatment for VUR in ureteral units with Cohen reimplantation surgery, with special interest in the technical peculiarities of the procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of cases of secondary VUR after reimplantation surgery treated by subureteral injection. TECHNIQUE: We put the needle perpendicular to submucous tunnel and inject medially to hole forming a wheal on the anterior face that occludes the meatus RESULTS: During the 1993-2016 period 21 injections were performed in 15 ureteral units. The ureteral pathology included primary VUR (4), duplex system with lower pole reflux (4), megaureter (3) and ureterocele (2). Average patient age was 5.7 years old (2-12). Succesful outcome had been got in 10 ureteral units (66.67%), a decrease of VUR grade in 4 (26.67%) and perseverance/no resolution of grade IV VUR in 1 (6.67%) DISCUSSION: The anti-reflux mechanism of reimplantation depends on optimizing the submucosous tunnel. This subgroup of pacients is small and there are few studies, hindering the agreement on the most appropiate technique. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic treatment of secondary reflux after reimplantation surgery is a procedure with certain technical feature, but safe and effective offering an alternative prior to surgical reoperation.


Subject(s)
Replantation/methods , Ureter/surgery , Ureteroscopy , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/surgery , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods
6.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 76(11/12): e161-e163, nov.-dic. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-177428

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los pólipos ureterales constituyen una causa poco frecuente de hidronefrosis en los niños. Presentamos un caso tratado en nuestro centro y realizamos una revisión de la literatura. Caso clínico: Varón de 5 años derivado a nuestra consulta por presentar episodios de dolor cólico en el flanco izquierdo. La ecografía mostró una hidronefrosis izquierda de grado II/IV, y el renograma con MAG-3 una curva de eliminación en la pelvis renal de tipo IIIb. Debido a la persistencia de la sintomatología, se decidió instaurar tratamiento quirúrgico, durante el cual se constató la presencia de pólipos fibroepiteliales en la pelvis renal que justificaban la sintomatología. Conclusión: El tratamiento de los pólipos ureterales en los niños presenta altas tasas de éxito; sin embargo, la inespecificidad de su presentación clínica, así como la dificultad de interpretación de las pruebas diagnósticas, pueden conllevar un importante retraso en el diagnóstico que afecte a la función renal


Introduction: Ureteral polyps are a strange cause of hydronephrosis in children. We report a case of a child treated in our hospital, and review of the related literature. Clinical case: A 5-year-old boy presented with severe, colicky, left lumbar pain. Renal ultrasound showed grade II/IV hydronephrosis, and the 99 m-Tc MAG-3 scan showed an obstructive drainage curve type IIIb. As the symptoms persisted, we decided surgical treatment, finding pyelic fibroepithelial polyps as the cause of the pain. Conclusion: Fibroepithelial polyp treatment in children is highly effective; nevertheless, the interpretation of diagnostic tests can be difficult, delaying the diagnosis and causing affectation of renal function


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Polyps/complications , Polyps/diagnosis , Hydronephrosis/etiology , Ureteral Obstruction/complications , Hydronephrosis/therapy , Urethra/diagnostic imaging , Urethra/pathology , Urethral Diseases/pathology , Pelvis/diagnostic imaging , Urography , Diagnosis, Differential
7.
Actas urol. esp ; 42(5): 331-337, jun. 2018. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174719

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los resultados del tratamiento endoscópico del reflujo vesicoureteral (RVU) a corto plazo son excelentes. No obstante, con el paso de los años se ha identificado un número de pacientes en quienes el RVU que fue resuelto mediante esta técnica vuelve a aparecer. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los factores relacionados con este evento. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado un estudio analítico retrospectivo tipo caso-control incluyendo 395 unidades ureterales con RVU primario tratadas con éxito en nuestro centro, con seguimiento mínimo de 3 años. Se han identificado los casos en los que el RVU reapareció y se han analizado variables demográficas, variables relativas al RVU (grado, lateralidad, estudio inicial) y a la intervención (material utilizado). Resultados: Se identificaron 77 unidades ureterales con recidiva de las 395 incluidas (19,5%). La incidencia de recidiva fue del 29,7% en los pacientes tratados con dextranómero/ácido hialurónico (Dx/HA), del 20,2% en los tratados con polidimetilxilosano (MP) y del 12,2% en el caso de politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE). La aparición de recidiva se eleva hasta el 35% en el caso de pacientes tratados antes del año de edad y aquellos con RVU de gradoV. La clínica de disfunción miccional también eleva la incidencia de recidiva al 34,9%. Conclusión: El uso del material reabsorbible Dx/HA está relacionado con la recidiva del tratamiento endoscópico del RVU. Los reflujos de alto grado, junto con el tratamiento en edades precoces, así como la presencia de disfunción miccional, también son factores asociados a la recurrencia


Introduction: The short-term results of endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are excellent. Over time, however, a number of patients have been identified for whom VUR reappeared after being resolved with this technique. The aim of this study was to analyse the factors related to this event. Material and methods: A retrospective, analytical, case-control study included 395 ureteral units with primary VUR treated successfully at our centre, with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. We identified cases in which VUR reappeared and analysed the demographic variables, those related to VUR (grade, laterality, initial study) and those related to the operation (materials used). Results: We identified 77 ureteral units with recurrence in the 395 included uni:ts (19.5%). The recurrence rate was 29.7% for the patients treated with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid (Dx/HA), 20.2% for those treated with polydimethylsiloxane (MP) and 12.2% for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The onset of recurrence rose to 35% for patients treated before 1 year of age and those with gradeV VUR. Urinary dysfunction symptoms also increased the recurrence rate to 34.9%. Conclusion: The use of resorbable dextranomer/hyaluronic acid material was related to recurrence in the endoscopic treatment of VUR. The high-grade reflux and treatment at an early age, as well as the presence of urinary dysfunction, are also factors associated with recurrence


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Treatment Failure , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/therapy , Ureteroscopy/methods , Follow-Up Studies , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies , Urination Disorders/complications , Urination Disorders/therapy , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods
8.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 42(5): 331-337, 2018 Jun.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29397210

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The short-term results of endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are excellent. Over time, however, a number of patients have been identified for whom VUR reappeared after being resolved with this technique. The aim of this study was to analyse the factors related to this event. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective, analytical, case-control study included 395 ureteral units with primary VUR treated successfully at our centre, with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. We identified cases in which VUR reappeared and analysed the demographic variables, those related to VUR (grade, laterality, initial study) and those related to the operation (materials used). RESULTS: We identified 77 ureteral units with recurrence in the 395 included units (19.5%). The recurrence rate was 29.7% for the patients treated with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid (Dx/HA), 20.2% for those treated with polydimethylsiloxane (MP) and 12.2% for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The onset of recurrence rose to 35% for patients treated before 1 year of age and those with gradeV VUR. Urinary dysfunction symptoms also increased the recurrence rate to 34.9%. CONCLUSION: The use of resorbable dextranomer/hyaluronic acid material was related to recurrence in the endoscopic treatment of VUR. The high-grade reflux and treatment at an early age, as well as the presence of urinary dysfunction, are also factors associated with recurrence.


Subject(s)
Cystoscopy , Ureteroscopy , Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/surgery , Adolescent , Case-Control Studies , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Failure
9.
Cir Pediatr ; 27(2): 53-56, 2014 Apr 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27775271

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RSM) becomes the most common tumour of the soft tissues during the paediatric age. It represents among 2-3% of child tumours. The genital-urinary location is the second most common location, only after head and neck. The treatment is usually medical, being the surgery a mere contribution, except for the cases in which the situation is not under control, when very aggressive surgery is necessary. The aim of this study is to analyse the cases of genial-urinary RMS that have been treated in our centre and the role that surgery has in their treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 20 patient (7 girls and 13 boys) with a median age of 24 months (range from 1 month to 12 years) with RMS in the aurochs-genial tract who have been treated in our hospital from 1990 to 2012. The variables described are demographic, location of the primary tumour, state at diagnosis, received treatment, both medical and surgical, with greater emphasis on the kind of surgery applied and monitoring in terms of survival. RESULTS: The location of the primary tumour was: bladder (6), paratesticular (5), vagina (3) retroperitoneal space (3), lesser pelvis (2) and prostate (1). All of them received medical treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy following International Society of Pediatric Oncology protocol after diagnostic biopsy. Surgery, which was always used as help, was: reappraisal of biopsy (1), orchiectomy (5), tumoral resection (8) and radical surgery (cystoprostatectomy or pelvic exenteration) in 6 patients. There were 3 deaths, 2 because of the evolution of the disease and 1 because of postoperative sepsis. The survival rate is 80% with a median follow - up of 14 years. CONCLUSIONS: The RMS is the most common tumour of soft tissues in childhood and the genital-urinary location is the second most common after the parameningeal one. The treatment is multidisciplinary and the surgery has a contributing role when there is no answer to the medical treatment or when there is a residual tumour even if some patients do not respond to medical treatment and they need a radical surgery for recovery.


INTRODUCCION: El rabdomiosarcoma (RMS) constituye el tumor de tejidos blandos más frecuente en la edad pediátrica, representando el 2-3% de los tumores infantiles. La localización genitourinaria es la segunda en frecuencia tras la cabeza y cuello. El tratamiento suele ser médico, quedando la cirugía como coadyuvante, excepto en casos no controlados en que se precisan cirugías muy agresivas. El objetivo del estudio es analizar los casos de RMS de localización genitourinaria tratados en nuestro Centro y el papel que la cirugía tiene en su tratamiento. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de 20 pacientes (7 niñas y 13 niños) con una mediana de edad de 24 meses (rango de 1 mes a 12 años) con RMS del tracto urogenital tratados en nuestro Hospital desde 1990 hasta 2012. Se describen variables demográficas, localización del tumor primario, estadio al diagnóstico, tratamiento recibido, tanto médico como quirúrgico, con especial atención al tipo de cirugía realizada y seguimiento en términos de supervivencia. RESULTADOS: La localización del tumor primario fue: vejiga (6), paratesticular (5), vagina (3), retroperitoneo (3), pelvis menor (2) y próstata (1). Todos recibieron tratamiento médico con quimioterapia y radioterapia según protocolo de la Sociedad Internacional de Oncología Pediátrica (SIOP) previa biopsia diagnóstica. La cirugía, practicada en todos los casos como coadyuvante fue: reevaluación por biopsia (1), orquiectomía (5), resección tumoral (8) y cirugía radical (cistoprostatectomía o exanteración pélvica) en 6 pacientes. Hubo 3 fallecimientos, 2 por progresión de la enfermedad y 1 por sepsis postoperatoria. Los 17 restantes están vivos, lo que supone una supervivencia del 80% con una mediana de seguimiento de 14 años. CONCLUSIONES: El RMS es el tumor de tejidos blandos más frecuente en la infancia y la localización genitourinaria la segunda en frecuencia tras las parameníngeas. El tratamiento es multidisciplinar y la cirugía tiene un papel coadyuvante en casos de no respuesta al tratamiento médico o de tumor residual aunque hay pacientes que no responden al tratamiento médico y precisan de cirugía radical para su curación.

10.
Cir. pediátr ; 27(3): 135-139, jul. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-131763

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. La litiasis del aparato urinario en la infancia es una entidad poco frecuente con una tasa de incidencia en España de 1/4.500 niños admitidos en un hospital y una tasa de expulsión espontánea entre 34-47%, precisando el resto de tratamiento activo La formación de litiasis urinaria en edad pediátrica presenta un alto riesgo de recurrencias, por lo que es necesario un diagnóstico y tratamiento protocolizado Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de las litiasis en el tracto urinario en niños. Material y métodos. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes ≤16 años ingresados en nuestro centro con diagnóstico de litiasis en tracto urinario desde el año 2000 al año 2013, mencionándoselos datos de tratamiento, tasa libre de cálculo y complicaciones. Resultados. Un total de 69 pacientes fueron tratados del 2000 al 2013. La edad media de nuestros pacientes fue de 8,2 años (rango 1-18 años). La clínica de presentación más frecuentes fue dolor (52%). En el 100% de los casos el diagnóstico se obtuvo mediante ecografía. Respecto a la localización, 21 cálculos se localizaron en vejiga (V), 12 en uréter distal (UD), 8 en uréter medio (UM), 3 en uréter proximal (UP) y 13 en pelvis renal (P). El tamaño medio fue de 13 mm. En 21 pacientes se mantuvo tratamiento conservador (fluidoterapia, analgesia y tratamiento profiláctico antibiótico), en 14 se realizó litotricia extracorpórea y en 22 se realizó ureteroscopia con extracción (n=9) o fragmentación (n=13) del cálculo. No se produjeron complicaciones de interés. La tasa de éxito (tasa libre de cálculos) fue del 79% (n=55). Conclusiones. La litiasis en el tracto urinario infantil es una patología poco frecuente, con características especiales respecto al diagnóstico y tratamiento que requiere atención en centros especializados. El tratamiento óptimo dependerá principalmente de la edad del paciente, de la localización y tamaño del cálculo, así como de la experiencia del equipo


Purpose. Kidney stone disease in children is a rare pathology, with a low incidence in Spain (1/4,500 hospitalized children). The spontaneous expulsion rate is about 34-47% which means that more of 50% of children need active treatment. Paediatric patients forming urinary stones have a high risk of recurrence, therefore, a standard diagnosis and treatment are needed. We present our experience in urolithiasis treatment in children. Materials and methods. We reviewed retrospectively all the patients ≤16 years hospitalized in our hospital with urolithiasis diagnosis from 2000 to 2013, citing treatment modality, stone-free rates and complications. Results. A total of 69 patients with a mean age of 8,2 years (range1-16 years) were treated in our hospital during that period. The main clinical presentation was pain (52%). The diagnosis was made by abdominal ultrasounds in all cases. About localization, 21 lithiasis were found in distal urether (UD), 8 in medium urether (UM), 3 in proximal urether (UP) and 13 in renal pelvis (PR). The mean size was 13 mm.21 (30%) patients had a spontaneous expulsion of the stone, 14 (20%) patients were treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and in 22 (32%) patients the elected therapy was ureterosopic stone fragmentation (n=13) or removal (n=9). No complications were observed. The overall stone-free rate was 79% (n=55). Conclusions. Kidney stone disease in children is a rare pathology, with its own features about diagnosis and treatment, which requires medical care in a specialized center. The optimal treatment should be considered regarding the age of the patient, localization and size of the stone, as well as the team experience


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Urinary Calculi/surgery , Lithotripsy/methods , Ureteroscopy/methods , Urolithiasis/surgery , Risk Factors , Age Factors
11.
Cir. pediátr ; 27(2): 53-56, abr. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-127336

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El rabdomiosarcoma (RMS) constituye el tumor de tejidos blandos más frecuente en la edad pediátrica, representando el 2-3% de los tumores infantiles. La localización genitourinaria es la segunda en frecuencia tras la cabeza y cuello. El tratamiento suele ser médico, quedando la cirugía como coadyuvante, excepto en casos no controlados en que se precisan cirugías muy agresivas. El objetivo del estudio es analizar los casos de RMS de localización genitourinaria tratados en nuestro Centro y el papel que la cirugía tiene en su tratamiento. Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de 20 pacientes (7 niñas y 13 niños) con una mediana de edad de 24 meses (rango de 1 mes a 12 años) con RMS del tracto urogenital tratados en nuestro Hospital desde 1990 hasta 2012. Se describen variables demográficas, localización del tumor primario, estadio al diagnóstico, tratamiento recibido, tanto médico como quirúrgico, con especial atención al tipo de cirugía realizada y seguimiento en términos de supervivencia. Resultados. La localización del tumor primario fue: vejiga (6), paratesticular (5), vagina (3), retroperitoneo (3), pelvis menor (2) y próstata (1). Todos recibieron tratamiento médico con quimioterapia y radioterapia según protocolo de la Sociedad Internacional de Oncología Pediátrica (SIOP) previa biopsia diagnóstica. La cirugía, practicada en todos los casos como coadyuvante fue: reevaluación por biopsia (1), orquiectomía (5), resección tumoral (8) y cirugía radical (cistoprosta-tectomía o exanteración pélvica) en 6 pacientes. Hubo 3 fallecimientos, 2 por progresión de la enfermedad y 1 por sepsis postoperatoria. Los 17 restantes están vivos, lo que supone una supervivencia del 80% con una mediana de seguimiento de 14 años. Conclusiones. El RMS es el tumor de tejidos blandos más frecuente en la infancia y la localización genitourinaria la segunda en frecuencia tras las parameníngeas. El tratamiento es multidisciplinar y la cirugía tiene un papel coadyuvante en casos de no respuesta al tratamiento médico o de tumor residual aunque hay pacientes que no responden al tratamiento médico y precisan de cirugía radical para su curación


Introduction. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RSM) becomes the most common tumour of the soft tissues during the paediatric age. It represents among 2-3% of child tumours. The genital-urinary location is the second most common location, only after head and neck. The treatment is usually medical, being the surgery a mere contribution, except for the cases in which the situation is not under control, when very aggressive surgery is necessary. The aim of this study is to analyse the cases of genial-urinary RMS that have been treated in our centre and the role that surgery has in their treatment. Material and methods. Retrospective study of 20 patient (7 girls and 13 boys) with a median age of 24 months (range from 1 month to 12 years) with RMS in the aurochs-genial tract who have been treated in our hospital from 1990 to 2012. The variables described are demographic, location of the primary tumour, state at diagnosis, received treatment, both medical and surgical, with greater emphasis on the kind of surgery applied and monitoring in terms of survival. Results. The location of the primary tumour was: bladder (6), par-atesticular (5), vagina (3) retroperitoneal space (3), lesser pelvis (2) and prostate (1). All of them received medical treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy following International Society of Pediatric Oncology protocol after diagnostic biopsy. Surgery, which was always used as help, was: reappraisal of biopsy (1), orchiectomy (5), tumoral resection (8) and radical surgery (cystoprostatectomy or pelvic exenteration) in 6 patients. There were 3 deaths, 2 because of the evolution of the disease and 1 because of postoperative sepsis. The survival rate is 80% with a median follow - up of 14 years. Conclusions. The RMS is the most common tumour of soft tissues in childhood and the genital-urinary location is the second most common after the parameningeal one. The treatment is multidisciplinary and the surgery has a contributing role when there is no answer to the medical treatment or when there is a residual tumour even if some patients do not respond to medical treatment and they need a radical surgery for recovery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Rhabdomyosarcoma/epidemiology , Urogenital Neoplasms/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Neoplasm Staging , Disease-Free Survival , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/epidemiology
12.
Cir Pediatr ; 27(3): 135-9, 2014 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25845103

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Kidney stone disease in children is a rare pathology, with a low incidence in Spain (1/4,500 hospitalized children). The spontaneous expulsion rate is about 34-47% which means that more of 50% of children need active treatment. Paediatric patients forming urinary stones have a high risk of recurrence, therefore, a standard diagnosis and treatment are needed. We present our experience in urolithiasis treatment in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively all the patients ≤ 16 years hospitalized in our hospital with urolithiasis diagnosis from 2000 to 2013, citing treatment modality, stone-free rates and complications. RESULTS: A total of 69 patients with a mean age of 8,2 years (range 1-16 years) were treated in our hospital during that period. The main clinical presentation was pain (52%). The diagnosis was made by abdominal ultrasounds in all cases. About localization, 21 lithiasis were found in distal urether (UD), 8 in medium urether (UM), 3 in proximal urether (UP) and 13 in renal pelvis (PR). The mean size was 13 mm. 21 (30%) patients had a spontaneous expulsion of the stone, 14 (20%) patients were treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and in 22 (32%) patients the elected therapy was ureterosopic stone fragmentation (n = 13) or removal (n = 9). No complications were observed. The overall stone-free rate was 79% (n = 55). CONCLUSIONS: Kidney stone disease in children is a rare pathology, with its own features about diagnosis and treatment, which requires medical care in a specialized center. The optimal treatment should be considered regarding the age of the patient, localization and size of the stone, as well as the team experience.


Subject(s)
Kidney Calculi/therapy , Ureteral Calculi/therapy , Urinary Bladder Calculi/therapy , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Retrospective Studies
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