[Physiotherapy challenges in the management of breast cancer]. / Place de la physiothérapie lors de cancer du sein.

Breast cancer claims fewer lives in Switzerland, but it profoundly impacts the quality of life, with various treatments carrying significant side effects. Cancer treatments include physiotherapy as soon as possible. Physiotherapist, movement expert, using physical activity, enhances survival rates, reduces treatment-related side effects, and improves quality of life. After surgery, it addresses pain, functional limitations, and lymphatic issues. In the long term, it not only reduces the risk of recurrence of cancer but also enhances post-treatment quality of life and aids in the reintegration with one's "new" body. It empowers patients to actively engage in their treatment, illness, and recovery.

Le cancer du sein en Suisse est fréquent et, si la survie s'améliore, les différents traitements ont des effets secondaires non négligeables et la qualité de vie est altérée. La physiothérapie s'intègre au sein des différents traitements du cancer, dès le diagnostic. Le physiothérapeute, expert du mouvement, utilise notamment l'activité physique qui permet d'accroître la survie, diminue les effets secondaires des traitements et améliore la qualité de vie. Après la chirurgie, la physiothérapie s'adresse aux douleurs, aux limitations fonctionnelles et aux dysfonctions lymphatiques. À long terme, cette prise en charge permet, outre de diminuer le risque de récidive, d'améliorer la qualité de vie après les traitements, et de réintégrer son « nouveau ¼ corps. Elle est une arme permettant à la patiente de devenir actrice de son traitement, de sa maladie et de sa guérison.

Childhood-Onset COPA Syndrome Recognized Retrospectively in the Context of Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

COPA syndrome is a very rare autoinflammatory disorder manifesting with childhood-onset arthritis and pulmonary and renal disease, of which awareness may remain lacking. We present the case of a twenty-year-old male patient seen in the Young Adults with Rheumatic Disease clinic. Initially diagnosed with seropositive polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the patient's early childhood complaints of fatiguability, paroxysmal dyspnea, and pneumonia-like episodes were long to be felt unrelated to his arthritis. Upon transition to adult rheumatology care, a thorough review of the patient's history prompted imaging which revealed interstitial lung disease. Restrictive spirometry and genetic testing confirmed the retrospective diagnosis of COPA syndrome.

Effect of microencapsulated inoculum of Pichia kudriavzevii on the fermentation and sensory quality of cacao CCN51 genotype.

BACKGROUND: Microencapsulated yeasts are a novel alternative as a delivery matrix for microbiological starters. This technology aims to protect the active compounds from adverse environmental conditions and prolong their useful life and could also improve the conditions of the starters for cocoa fermentation. The present study established the effective dose to apply the microencapsulated yeast Pichia kudriavzevii as a microbiological starter of fermentation and biotechnological strategy for promoting the biochemical dynamics and sensory expression of the cocoa variety CCN-51. For this, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% of microencapsulated P. kudriavzevii yeast insolated from the artisanal fermentation process of cocoa was added to the cocoa mass to be fermented and studied on a laboratory scale. RESULTS: The partial least squares regression of fermentation was related in four quartiles, comprising the hedonic judgments of the sensory evaluation with the biochemical traits of the cocoa liquor, finding a high correlation between the physicochemical variables total phenols, percentage of insufficiently fermented grains, and percentage of total acidity, with a level of bitterness and defects found in liquors with the addition of 0.5% of microencapsulated starter. The treatments with the addition of 2% and 3% of the inoculum showed a high correlation between the variables pH, total anthocyanins, cocoa, fruity and floral aromas, sweet taste, and general aroma perception. CONCLUSION: The higher presence of volatile compounds such as 2,3-butanediol associated with cocoa aroma and 1-phenyl-2-ethanol and acetophenone associated with aromatic descriptors of fruity and floral series allowed establishment in 2% of microencapsulated P. kudriavzevii yeast, comprising the effective dose for promoting the biochemical dynamics of laboratory-scale fermentation and the development of cocoa, as well as the fruity and floral aromas of cocoa CCN-51 liquor. The microencapsulation is suitable for cocoa starters. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Potential Food Availability Influences Social Interactions of Young Individuals in a Neotropical Primate (Alouatta palliata).

Deforestation is widely recognised as an agent of human disturbance that causes widespread destruction of species habitats and can result in animals occupying forest patches with limited food resources. When animals are forced to change habitats, they must also adjust their diet, activity budgets and social behaviour in response to facing new ecological and environmental conditions. Only a few studies have analysed the influence of habitat conditions on social interactions of immature howler monkeys. In this study, we examined the effects of variation in food availability on social interactions of young howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana). This was accomplished by observing infant and juvenile members of two groups inhabiting a continuous forest habitat (640 ha) and three groups living in different-sized forest fragments (4, 42 and 93 ha) for a 15-month non-consecutive period. We quantified the Potential Food Availability Index (PFAI) for each habitat type based on the basal area, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and abundance of food tree species. We used 15-min focal animal sampling to record the occurrence and/or duration of affiliative and agonistic behaviours. In habitats with higher PFAI, we observed more social play and proximity in infants aged 4-7 months, grooming in infants aged 8-14 months and social play in juveniles. Conversely, juveniles' grooming rates and 0- to 3-month-old infants' proximity rates decreased as PFAI increased. Our results suggest that food resource variation influences young howler monkeys' social interactions. The reduction in social interactions due to low food availability may represent an energy-saving strategy to cope with limited resources in habitats disturbed by anthropogenic activities.

Quality improvement initiative increases total paracentesis and early paracentesis rates in hospitalised cirrhotics with ascites.

OBJECTIVE: Early paracentesis (EP) for rapid diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is considered best practice in the care of admitted patients with cirrhosis and ascites, but inpatient paracentesis is frequently not performed or delayed. We developed a quality improvement (QI) initiative aimed at increasing the proportion of admitted patients with cirrhosis who undergo paracentesis and EP. DESIGN: Pre-post study of a QI initiative. SETTING: A tertiary care hospital in a major metropolitan area. PATIENTS: Hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and ascites. INTERVENTIONS: We targeted care providers in the emergency department (ED) by raising awareness of the importance of EP, developing criteria to identify patients at highest risk of SBP who were prioritised for EP by ED providers and restructuring the ED environment to enable timely paracentesis. RESULTS: 76 patients meeting inclusion criteria were admitted during the postintervention 9-month study period. Of these, 91% (69/76) underwent paracentesis during admission versus 71 % (77/109) preintervention (p=0.001). 81% (56/69) underwent EP within 12 hours of presentation or after a predefined acceptable reason for delay versus 48% (37/77) preintervention (p=0.001). There were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality or length of stay before and after intervention. CONCLUSION: A multidisciplinary QI intervention targeting care in the ED successfully increased the proportion of patients with cirrhosis and ascites undergoing diagnostic paracentesis during admission and EP within 12 hours of presentation.

Control del deterioro microbiológico de filetes de tilapia mediante la aplicación de bacterias lácticas / Control Microbiological Deterioration of Tilapia Fillets by the Application of Lactic Acid Bacteria / Controle de Deterioração Microbiológica da Tilápia Arquiva Através da Aplicação de Bactérias Láticas

Resumen En los últimos años se ha reconocido el potencial de las bacterias ácido lácticas (BAL) como agentes bioconservantes de productos cárnicos, incluido el pescado, al reducir el deterioro microbiológico y químico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el efecto bioconservante de dos cepas de BAL y el tiempo de impregnación en la calidad microbiológica y química de filetes de tilapia. Se evaluaron dos tiempos de impregnación (1h y 2h) y las BAL Lactobacillus plantarum JCM 1149 y Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC4356. Los filetes bioconservados (FB) se almacenaron a 5°C y se evaluaron los cambios en el recuento de BAL, mesófilos, psicrófilos y coliformes totales durante 30 días. Los recuentos en los FB fueron de 5.94 de Log UFC/g. de BAL, y <2.7 log UFC/g de coliformes y psicrófilos. Los filetes control presentaron recuentos de 1.2 log UFC/g de BAL mientras los coliformes totales y psicrófilos superaron el límite permitido para consumo humano luego de 10 días. Luego de 10 días. El tratamiento que mantuvo la calidad microbiológica y química de los FB por más tiempo fue L. plantarum con inmersión de una hora. Las BAL estudiadas mostraron un efecto inhibitorio de la microflora deteriorante del pescado y una reducción en la formación de nitrógeno volátil, siendo un método viable para la conservación del pescado.

Abstract In recent years, it has recognized the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as biopreservatives agents for meat products, including fish, by reducing the microbiological and chemical spoilage. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of two strains biopreservative LAB and impregnation time on the microbiological and chemical quality of tilapia fillets. Two impregnation time (1h and 2h) and two LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum JCM 1149 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC4356 were evaluated. The biopreserved fillets (BF) were stored at 5 ° C and the changes of the LAB count, mesophilic, psychrophilic and total coliforms., were evaluated for 30 days. The microbiological analysis show for the BF 5.94 log CFU / g. of LAB and <2.7 log CFU / g of coliform and psychrophilic bacteria. The control Fillets showed 1.2 log CFU / g of LAB while the psychrophile and total coliforms exceeded the allowed limit for human consumption after 10 days. The treatment kept the microbiological and chemical quality of the BF longer was L. plantarum with one hour of impregnation. The LAB studied showed an inhibitory effect of the spoilage microflora of fish and a reduction in the formation of volatile nitrogen compounds, being a viable fish preservation method.

Resumo Nos últimos anos tem se reconhecido o potencial das bactérias ácido lácticas (BAL) como agentes bioconservantes de pro dutos carnicos, incluído o peixe ao diminuir o deterioro microbiológico e químico. O propósito deste estudo foi determinar o efeito bioconservante de duas cepas de BAL e a avaliação do tempo de impregnação requerido para obter uma boa qua lidade microbiológica e química de filetes de tilapia. Foram avaliados dois tempos de impregnação (1h e 2h) com as BAL Lactobacillus plantarum JMC 1149 e Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC4356. Os filetes biopreservados (FB) foram estocados a 5oC e valoradas as modificações na contagem de microorganismos BAL, mesófilos, psicrófilos, coliformes totais durante 30 dias. As contagens microbianas nos FB foram de 5.94 de log UFC/g e <2.7 log UFC/g de coliformes e psicrofilos. Os filetes controle apresentaram valores de 1.2 log UFC/g de BAL, não entanto os coliformes totais e psicrófilos superaram o limite permitido para consumo humano após 10 dias de estocagem. O tratamento que manteve a qualidade microbiológica e química dos FB por maior tempo foi de imersão com Lactobacillus plantarum por uma hora. As BAL estudadas amostraram um efeito inibitório da microflora deteriorante dos peixes e uma redução na formação de nitrogênio volátil se apresentan do como um método viável para a preservação de filete de peixe

Rhizopus oryzae - Ancient microbial resource with importance in modern food industry.

Filamentous fungi are microorganisms widely known for their diverse biochemical features. Fungi can efficiently invade a wide variety of substrates under operational conditions producing numerous bioproducts of interest, such as enzymes, organic acids, aromatic compounds and colorants. An additional interesting characteristic of some fungi is their safety classification for different uses, which guarantees that the bioproducts obtained from them do not contain any toxic component deleterious to humans. Rhizopus oryzae is among this group of fungi and is classified as a GRAS filamentous fungus, commonly used for production of some oriental traditional foods. It is mainly recognized as a good producer of lactic acid; however, its potential for other biotechnological processes is under study. This review analyzes and discusses the current scientific and technical contributions which may maximize the potential of R. oryzae as a producer of different compounds of industrial interest.

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia without evidence of antecedent viral upper respiratory infection.

BACKGROUND: USA300 community-associated (CA) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains causing necrotizing pneumonia have been reported in association with antecedent viral upper respiratory tract infections (URI). METHODS: A case series of necrotizing pneumonia presenting as a primary or coprimary infection, secondary to CA-MRSA without evidence of antecedent viral URI, is presented. Cases were identified through the infectious diseases consultation service records. Clinical and radiographic data were collected by chart review and electronic records. MRSA strains were isolated from sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, pleural fluid or blood cultures and confirmed using standard laboratory procedures. MRSA strains were characterized by susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, agr typing and multilocus sequence typing. Testing for respiratory viruses was performed by appropriate serological testing of banked sera, or nucleic acid testing of nasopharyngeal or bronchoalveloar lavage specimens. RESULTS: Ten patients who presented or copresented with CA necrotizing pneumonia secondary to CA-MRSA from April 2004 to October 2011 were identified. The median length of stay was 22.5 days. Mortality was 20.0%. Classical risk factors for CA-MRSA were identified in seven of 10 (70.0%) cases. Chest tube placement occurred in seven of 10 patients with empyema. None of the patients had historical evidence of antecedent URI. In eight of 10 patients, serological or nucleic acid testing testing revealed no evidence of acute viral coinfection. Eight strains were CMRSA-10 (USA300). The remaining two strains were a USA300 genetically related strain and a USA1100 strain. CONCLUSION: Pneumonia secondary to CA-MRSA can occur in the absence of an antecedent URI. Infections due to CA-MRSA are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Clinicians need to have an awareness of this clinical entity, particularly in patients who are in risk groups that predispose to exposure to this bacterium.

HISTORIQUE: Des souches USA300 de Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méthicilline (SARM) d'origine non nosocomiale (ONN) responsables d'une pneumonie nécrosante ont été signalées après des infections des voies respiratoires supérieures. MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les chercheurs présentent une série de cas de pneumonie nécrosante se manifestant sous forme d'infection ou de co-infection primaire découlant du SARM-ONN, sans manifestation d'IVRS virale antérieure. Ils ont dépisté les cas en dépouillant les dossiers des services de consultation en infectiologie. Ils ont colligé les données cliniques et radiographiques en analysant les dossiers papier et électroniques. Les souches de SARM avaient été isolées dans les expectorations, le lavage broncho-alvéolaire, le liquide pleural ou les hémo-cultures et confirmées au moyen d'analyses de laboratoire standards. Les souches de SARM étaient caractérisées par les tests de susceptibilité, l'électrophorèse sur gel en champ pulsé, le typage du gène spa ou du gène agr ou le typage génomique multilocus. Les tests de dépistage des virus respiratoires ont été faits au moyen du test sérologique pertinent du sérum en réserve ou du test d'amplification des acides nucléiques des échantillons de lavage nasopharyngé ou broncho-alvéolaire. RÉSULTATS: Entre avril 2004 et octobre 2011, les chercheurs ont dépisté dix patients qui présentaient, seule ou conjointement, une pneumonie nécrosante d'ONN secondaire à une infection par le SARM-ONN. Ils ont été hospitalisés pendant une période médiane de 22,5 jours. Le taux de mortalité s'élevait à 20,0 %. Les chercheurs ont constaté des facteurs de risque classiques de SARM-ONN dans sept des dix cas (70,0 %). Sept des dix patients faisant de l'empyème avaient eu un drain thoracique. Aucun des patients n'avait d'antécédents démontrés d'IVRS. Chez huit des dix patients, le test sérologique et le test d'amplification des acides nucléiques n'ont révélé aucune manifestation de co-infection virale aiguë. Huit souches étaient des SARMC-10 (USA300). Les deux autres étaient une souche liée génétiquement au USA300 et une souche USA1100. CONCLUSION: La pneumonie secondaire au SARM-ONN peut se manifester en l'absence d'IVRS antérieure. Les infections causées par le SARM-ONN s'associent à une morbidité et une mortalité importantes. Les cliniciens doivent connaître cette entité clinique, notamment chez les patients qui font partie de groupes vulnérables qui les prédisposent à être exposés à cette bactérie.

Screening premorbid metabolic syndrome in community pharmacies: a cross-sectional descriptive study.

BACKGROUND: Premorbid metabolic syndrome (pre-MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors characterised by central obesity, elevated fasting glucose, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension without established cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Community pharmacies are in an excellent position to develop screening programmes because of their direct contact with the population.The main aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pre-MetS in people who visited community pharmacies for measurement of any of its five risk factors to detect the presence of other risk factors. The secondary aims were to study the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors and determine patients' cardiovascular risk. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicentre study. Patients meeting selection criteria aged between 18 and 65 years who visited participating community pharmacies to check any of five pre-MetS diagnostic factors were included.The study involved 23 community pharmacies in Catalonia (Spain). Detection criteria for pre-MetS were based on the WHO proposal following IDF and AHA/NHBI consensus. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was calculated by Regicor and Score methods. Other variables studied were smoking habit, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and pharmacological treatment of dyslipidemia and hypertension. The data were collected and analysed with the SPSS programme. Comparisons of variables were carried out using the Student's T-test, Chi-Squared test or ANOVA test. Level of significance was 5% (0.05). RESULTS: The overall prevalence of pre-MetS was 21.9% [95% CI 18.7-25.2]. It was more prevalent in men, 25.5% [95% CI 22.1-28.9], than in women, 18.6% [95% CI 15.5-21.7], and distribution increased with age. The most common risk factors were high blood pressure and abdominal obesity. About 70% of people with pre-MetS were sedentary and over 85% had a BMI ≥25 Kg/m2. Some 22.4% had two metabolic criteria and 27.2% of patients with pre-MetS had no previous diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of pre-MetS in our study (21.9%) was similar to that found in other studies carried out in Primary Care in Spain. The results of this study confirm emergent cardiometabolic risk factors such as hypertension, obesity and physical inactivity.Our study highlights the strategic role of the community pharmacy in the detection of pre-MetS in the apparently healthy population.

Obtençäo de macarräo tipo espaguete a partir de uma mistura com farinha de trigo e farinha de milho pré-gelatinizada / Obtention of macaroni type spagetti from a mixture of wheat flour and pre-gelatinized corn flour

Foram elaboradas cinco formulaçöes de macarräo tipo espaguete de farinha de trigo e com 10%, 20% 30%, 40% e 50% de farinha de milho pré-gelatinizada. Para avaliaçäo dos produtos comparoau-se a formulaç1 o padräo através dos seguintes testes: teste de umidade, tempo de cozimento, teor de sólidos na água de cozimento, mastigabilidad de (textura), sbor, pegajosidade (colamento), aparência, cor e rendimento. Os produtos obtidos, além de serem viáveis economicamente, apresentaram de um modo geral, boa aceitabilidade em relaçäo a cor, aparência e demais características avaliadas