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1.
Sportis (A Coruña) ; 10(1): 47-70, 2024. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-229135

ABSTRACT

Este estudio está basado en la mini teoría de las Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas y tuvo por objetivo examinar las interrelaciones entre la calidad en la presentación de las tareas por parte del profesor de Educación física como un factor social, la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas como factores mediadores personales de los alumnos, y sus intenciones de ser físicamente activos como indicador de un hábito relacionado a la salud. La muestra consistió en 448 estudiantes (207 hombres y 241 mujeres; Medad = 10.58 años, DT = 0.54) de nivel primaria en la zona metropolitana de Monterrey, México. Los resultados obtenidos a través de un análisis de ecuaciones estructurales revelaron que la presentación de las tareas se asoció de manera positiva y significativa con la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y esto a su vez, se asoció de la misma forma con las intenciones de ser físicamente activo. En conclusión, la calidad con la que el profesor comunique las tareas de aprendizaje juega un papel relevante para que sus estudiantes se perciban autónomos, competentes y relacionados, así como también, en sus deseos futuros por realizar actividad física (AU)


This study is based on the Mini-Theory of Basic Psychological Needs and aimed to examine the interrelationships between the quality of task presentation by the physical education teacher as a social factor, the satisfaction of basic psychological needs as personal mediating factors of the students, and their intentions to b physically active as an indicator of a health-related habit. The sample consisted of 448 students (207 males and 241 females; Mage = 10.58 years, SD = 0.54) from elementary school in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico. The results obtained through structural equation modeling revealed that task presentation was positively and significantly associated with the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and this, in turn, was similarly associated with intentions to be physically active. In conclusion, the quality with which the teacher communicates the learning tasks plays a relevant role in students' perception of themselves as autonomous, competent and related, as well as in their future desires to engage in physical activity (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Personal Autonomy , Physical Education and Training , Education, Primary and Secondary , Mexico
2.
Cuad. psicol. deporte ; 23(1): 219-233, ene.-abr. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-214821

ABSTRACT

La planificación del profesor debe responder al entorno en que se desarrolle el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En ese sentido, el objetivo de este estudio fue adaptar y validar al contexto mexicano el Cuestionario de Influencia en la Planificación en la Educación Física (CIPEF). Participaron 748 docentes de educación física de México (64.2% hombres), con una edad media de 38 años, quienes fueron divididos endos submuestras. Con la primera de ellas, se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio, que presentó un valor KMO de .869 y una esfericidad de Barlett de: c2= 9433.705; gl= 703; p< .001, y donde los ítems se agruparon en 10 factores (dos de ellos, añadidos para este estudio). Con la segunda submuestra, se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios al modelo de 10 factores (c2/gl= 4.49; NNFI = .98; CFI = .98; RMSEA = .042) y aun modelo de segundo orden (c2/gl = 2.86; NNFI = .90; CFI = .93; RMSEA = .05). Ambos modelos presentaron índices de bondad de ajuste adecuados. Tras realizar el análisis de test-retest en una muestra independiente de 68 profesores de la misma área geográfica, se concluyó que la Escala de Planificación Contextualizada en la Educación Física es un instrumento válido, fiable y estandarizado que permite medir el grado de influencia que ejercen diversos factores sobre la planificación del profesor en el contexto mexicano. (AU)


The teacher's planning should respond to the environment in which the teaching-learning process takes place. In this sense, the objective of this study was to adapt and validate the Physical Education Planning Influence Questionnaire to the Mexican context. A total of 748 physical education teachers from Mexico (64.2% men), with a mean age of 38 years, participated in the study and were divided into two subsamples. With the first one, an exploratory factor analysis was performed, which presented a KMO value of .869 and a Barlett's sphericity of: c2= 9433.705; df= 703; p< .001, and where the items were grouped into 10 factors (two of them, added for this study). With the second subsample, confirmatory factor analyses were performed on the 10-factor model (c2/df= 4.49; NNFI = .98; CFI = .98; RMSEA = .042) and on a second-order model (c2/df= 2.86; NNFI = .90; CFI = .93; RMSEA = .05). Both models presented adequate goodness-of-fit indices. After performing the test-retest analysis on an independent sample of 68 teachers from the same geographical area, it was concluded that the Contextualized Planning Scale in Physical Education is a valid, reliable and standardized instrument that allows measuring the degree of influence exerted by various factors on the teacher's planning in the Mexican context. (AU)


O planeamento do professor deve responder ao ambiente em que o processo de ensino-aprendizagem tem lugar. Neste sentido, o objectivo deste estudo era adaptar e validar o CIPEF (Cuestionario de Influencia en la Planificación en la Educación Física) ao contexto mexicano. Um total de 748 professores de educação física do México (64,2% do sexo masculino), com uma idade média de 38 anos, participaram no estudo e foram divididos em duas subamostras. Com o primeiro, foi realizada uma análise de factores exploratórios, que apresentou um valor KMO de .869 e uma esfericidade de Barlett de: c2= 9433.705; gl= 703; p< .001, e onde os itens foramagrupados em 10 factores (dois deles, adicionados para este estudo). Com a segunda subamostra, foram realizadas análises de factores de confirmação no modelo de 10 factores (c2/gl= 4,49; NNFI = .98; CFI = .98; RMSEA = .042) e num modelo de segunda ordem (c2/gl= 2,86; NNFI = .90; CFI = .93; RMSEA = .05). Ambos os modelos apresentavam índices adequados de goodness-of-fit. Após a realização da análise de teste-reteste numa amostra independente de 68 professores da mesma área geográfica, concluiu-se que a Escala de Planeamento Contextualizada em Educação Física é um instrumento válido, fiável e padronizado que permite medir o grau de influência exercida por vários factores sobre o planeamento do professor no contexto mexicano. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Physical Education and Training , Faculty , Planning , Psychometrics , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mexico
4.
Front Psychol ; 12: 708441, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34354649

ABSTRACT

The teacher's instructions in physical education class have important implications for the psychological well-being of their students. The aim of this study was to analyze, under the postulates of the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), a model with the following sequence: the perception of the quality of the instructions (task presentation, amount of corrective feedback, and its legitimate perception) generated by the physical education teacher, the satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs and the subjective vitality in young students. The participants were 890 students (462 males and 428 females) of primary level from the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico, between ages 11 and 13 (M = 11.36; SD = 0.49). The structural equation modeling showed positive and significant associations in all model interrelations, that is, task presentation and the amount of corrective feedback (B = 0.88, p < 0.001), and this in turn with legitimate perception (B = 0.81, p < 0.001); the legitimate perception of feedback and the satisfaction of the need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness (B = 0.63, p < 0.001; B = 0.90, p < 0.001; B = 1.01, p < 0.001, respectively); finally, the satisfaction of the three psychological needs and the subjective vitality (B = 0.12, p < 0.01; B = 0.43, p < 0.001; B = 0.24, p < 0.001, respectively). Therefore, the importance of a quality task presentation, as well as providing corrective feedback based on support for autonomy, is evident, so that students perceive it legitimately and thus facilitate the satisfaction of their basic psychological needs and in consequence, indicators of psychological well-being such as subjective vitality.

5.
Front Psychol ; 11: 558954, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33132964

ABSTRACT

The way students perceive corrective feedback has repercussions on what they learn and think. Based on the self-determination theory, the aim of this study is to test a model of multilevel mediation that examines the relationships between the perception of corrective feedback with its degree of acceptance (perceived legitimacy) at the team level and the subjective vitality of students at the individual level, mediated by the satisfaction of the three psychological needs, in the context of physical education. The participants were 742 students aged between 10 and 13 years old (52.6% men, 47.4% women) in 29 physical education groups. The results of the multilevel structural equation modeling analysis found at the group (between) level a positive and significant relationship between corrective feedback and perceived legitimacy (B between = 0.49, p < 0.01), as well as a positive and significant relationship between perceived legitimacy and the needs of competence (B between = 0.66, p < 0.05) and relatedness (B between = 0.95, p < 0.01). In addition, there was a positive and significant association between competence and subjective vitality (B between = 2.06, p < 0.01), and a negative and significant association between relatedness and subjective vitality (B between = -0.85, p < 0.01). Also, on an individual (within) level, the needs of autonomy (B within = 0.09, p < 0.05), competence (B within = 0.27, p < 0.01), and relatedness (B within = 0.17, p < 0.01) were positively and significantly associated with subjective vitality. Finally, corrective feedback showed a positive indirect effect on subjective vitality through perceived legitimacy and competence, while the indirect effect was negative through perceived legitimacy and relatedness. In conclusion, on an individual level, students who perceive their basic psychological needs to be met in turn, increase their subjective vitality. At the group level, the results are discussed. These findings suggest that teachers might be best advised to ensure that their students accept corrective feedback, by having it couched in a manner that suggests that learning and improvement can follow, and communicated in an autonomy-supporting way.

6.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32512735

ABSTRACT

Teacher-endorsed supporting behaviors present themselves as key influencers of student adaptive academic and social functions. The objective of this paper was twofold. First, this study sought to test a model in which student-perceived autonomy support was associated with group cohesion, considering the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction and intrinsic motivation. Second, the current study examined the dimensionality of the model across five Western countries, namely Spain, Portugal, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. A convenience sample of 3033 college students (Mage = 21.51 ± SD = 3.71) were recruited for the analysis. The results revealed that perceived autonomy support was positively associated with needs satisfaction, being consequently associated with intrinsic motivation and, ultimately, with group cohesion. Additionally, a multigroup analysis revealed that the model was invariant across college students from the different countries. The current results are discussed around the promotion of teacher uses of autonomy-supportive behaviors fostering adaptive outcomes in students regarding positive social relations and that the cultures of Ibero-American countries are equivalent in this process.


Subject(s)
Peer Group , Personal Autonomy , Students , Brazil , Chile , Humans , Mexico , Motivation , Portugal , Social Support , Spain
7.
Cuad. psicol. deporte ; 19(3): 190-204, sept. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-191682

ABSTRACT

Tomando como base la teoría de las necesidades psicológicas básicas (Deci y Ryan, 2002), en este estudio se examinó si la percepción que tiene el alumno de la presentación de las tareas por parte del profesor predice la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y éstas a su vez predicen el bienestar (vitalidad subjetiva) de los alumnos en la sesión de educación física. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 515 niños (272 hombres [M = 11.28 años; DT = .49] y 243 mujeres [M = 11.36 años; DT = .48]) estudiantes de sexto grado de primaria (M = 11.32; DT = .48), que cumplimentaron los instrumentos que evaluaban las variables del estudio. Los resultados del análisis de ecuaciones estructurales indicaron que la presentación de las tareas actuó como predictor positivo de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y que éstas a su vez predijeron positivamente la vitalidad subjetiva. Los análisis de mediación indicaron que la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas medió parcialmente la relación entre la percepción que tiene el alumno de la presentación de las tareas por el profesor y el bienestar psicológico de los alumnos de educación física


Tendo como base a teoria das necessidades psicológicas básicas (Deci e Ryan, 2002), este estudo busca analisar se a percepção predefinida pelos alunos sobre a apresentação das atividades propostas pelo professor predizem à satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas, e estas por sua vez, definem o bem-estar (vitalidade subjetiva) dos alunos na aula de educação física. A amostra está conformada por 515 crianças (272 meninos [M = 11.28 anos; DT = .49] e 243 meninas[M = 11.32 anos; DT = .48]) estudantes de sexto ano da primária (M = 11.32 anos; DT = .48), que preencheram os instrumentos de avaliação das variáveis do estudo. Os resultados da análise de equações estruturais mostraram que a apresentação das atividades atuou como influenciador positivo da satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas e que estas, por sua vez, manifestaram-se positivamente frente a vitalidade subjetiva. As análises de mediação indicaram que a satisfação das necessidades psicológicas básicas mediu parcialmente a relação entre a percepção do aluno sobre a apresentação das tarefas pelo professor e o bem-estar psicológico dos alunos de educação física


Within the framework of basic psychological needs theory (Deci & Ryan, 2002), in this study we examined the students' perception of the coach's task presentation as a predictor of the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, which in turn predicted psychological wellbeing (subjective vitality) of students in the physical education context. Participants were 515 children (272 men [M = 11.28 years; SD = .49] and 243 women [M = 11.32 years; SD = .48]) students in the sixth grade of primary school (M = 11.32 years, SD = .48), who completed the questionnaires measuring the study variables. Results of structural equation analyses showed that coach's task presentation positively predicted satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, which in turn positively predicted subjective vitality. Satisfaction of the basic psychological needs partially mediated the relationship between coach's task presentation and well-being of students in the physical education context


Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Education and Training/methods , Faculty , Students , Psychology, Educational , Acting Out
9.
Int J Cardiol ; 96(2): 191-5, 2004 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15262032

ABSTRACT

The pathogenesis of chronic Chagas disease still is an unresolved and controversial issue. Parasite persistence and autoimmune responses cannot explain the spectrum of chronic Chagas disease. However, a modified neurogenic hypothesis, concerning the timing and mechanisms responsible for the cardiac parasympathetic damage and for the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and of other neurohormonal systems, unifies cardiac remodelling and neurohormonal activation to explain most of the events of the natural history of Chagas disease.


Subject(s)
Autonomic Nervous System/physiology , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/physiopathology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Animals , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/epidemiology , Chronic Disease , Disease Progression , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Risk Assessment , Severity of Illness Index , Survival Analysis , Venezuela/epidemiology , Ventricular Remodeling/physiology
10.
Int J Cardiol ; 93(2-3): 163-7, 2004 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14975542

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: We studied the heart rate responses to the Valsalva maneuver in eight patients with documented past medical history of acute Chagas' disease. METHODS: Four patients were studied 8-21 months after the acute episode and four, 58-68 months thereafter (age 25+/-8.65 years M+/-S.D.). Seventeen healthy subjects of similar age were included as controls (age 27+/-7.5 years, P=NS). RESULTS: Baseline heart rate was higher in chagasic patients (88+/-15 beats/min) compared to controls (69.8+/-9.8, P=0.001). Maximum heart rate at phase II of the maneuver was also higher (114+/-16.3 vs. 101.5+/-9.9, P=0.02). Minimum heart rate at phase IV was, however, not different (57.4+/-10.4 vs. 63.3+/-7.3 P=NS). The magnitude of the absolute negative change at phase IV was larger in the chagasic patients, although, not different (-50.8+/-13.8 vs. -44+/-13.8, P=NS). The Valsalva index was 1.81+/-0.26 in the chagasic patients and 1.82+/-0.42 in the controls (P=NS). Minimum heart rate at phase IV correlated neither with the baseline heart rate (r=-0.28, P=NS) nor with the Valsalva index (r=-0.40, P=NS). The magnitude of the absolute negative change during phase IV correlated with, both, the baseline heart rate (r=-0.80, P<0.01) and the Valsalva index (r=-0.95, P<0.0001). The higher baseline high rate influenced the magnitude of the negative heart rate change, but not the minimum heart rate reached at phase IV. CONCLUSIONS: Chagasic patients with proven past medical history of acute Chagas' disease had unimpaired heart responses to the Valsalva maneuver.


Subject(s)
Chagas Cardiomyopathy/physiopathology , Heart Rate/physiology , Valsalva Maneuver , Acute Disease , Adult , Case-Control Studies , Heart/innervation , Humans , Myocarditis/physiopathology , Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology , Valsalva Maneuver/physiology
11.
Av. cardiol ; 22(3): 55-60, sept. 2002.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-394120

ABSTRACT

Los mecanismos responsables de la progresión del daño miocárdico en la enfermedad de Chagas crónica son aún desconocidos. Las hipótesis de mayor relevancia clínica son la persistencia del parásito en el miocardio de los pacientes crónicos y las respuestas autoinmunes a la presencia de este último. Ninguna de estas hipótesis explica satisfactoriamente los eventos clínicos que se presentaron durante la historia natural de la enfermedad. La hipótesis neurogénica clásica establece que, la activación temprana del sistema nervioso simpático, es responsable de la progresión del daño miocárdico. Sin embargo, la activación simpática y de otros sistemas neurohormonales se detecta en pacientes con dilatación cardíaca y disfunción ventricular. En consecuencia, la activación neurohormonal es un fenómeno tardío y simultáneo al proceso de remodelación ventricular. Más aún, la administración de medicamentos que contrarrestan la activación neurohormonal tiene efectos favorables sobre el proceso de remodelación ventricular y sobre la supervivencia de los pacientes chagásicos crónicos. Por consiguiente, la hipótesis neurogénica clásica debería ser modificada a la luz de estos hechos. La modificación propuesta permite explicar satisfactoriamente los eventos clínicos que tienen lugar en la historia natural de la enfermedad chagásica crónica


Subject(s)
Chronic Disease , Hypothesis-Testing , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/history , Sympathetic Nervous System/growth & development , Cardiology , Venezuela
12.
Acta cient. venez ; 52(4): 272-277, 2001. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-303022

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la influencia de la edad y del sexo sobre los cambios de norepinefrina plasmática (NE) en respuesta al estrés ortostático. Se estudiaron 56 hombres y 60 mujeres sedentarios, no fumadores, no obesos , normotensos los cuales se dividieron según la edad en 3 grupos: grupo A, jóvenes, rango 17-34 años; grupo B, mediana edad, rango 40-60 años y grupo C: ancianos, rango 61-91años. La respuesta al estrés se realizó con el sujeto en reposo por 30 min, luego se obtuvieron muestras de sangre venosa, para la determinación de norepinefrina (NE) en posición supina y después de 10 min de mantenerse en pie. La concentración de NE en posición supina fue mas alta en los sujetos de los grupos B (Hombres:298 _ 15 pg/mL y Mujeres:348 _ 14 pg/mL) y C (H:386 _ 29 pg/mL; M:473 _ 19 pg/mL), que en el grupo de jóvenes (H: 246 _ 21 pg/mL y M: 261 _ 18 pg/mL). Entre los hombres y las mujeres del grupo A no hubo diferencias en el valor basal de NE pero si en los otros dos grupos. En respuesta al estrés ortostático el valor absoluto de NE plasmática aumentó en los 3 grupos pero los niveles obtenidos fueron similares entre ellos. Cuando la respuesta se expresó como variación porcentual (relativa) ésta fue mayor en los jóvenes (H:85 por ciento; M:82 por ciento) y disminuyo en los grupos B (H:56 por ciento; M:46 por ciento) y C (H:23 por ciento y M:21 por ciento). La magnitud de la respuesta de NE al estrés se correlacionó negativamente con la edad de los sujetos (H: r = - 0,654; p<0,0001 y M: r = -0,557; p<0,0001) y no hubo diferencias entre hombres y mujeres, en ninguno de los 3 grupos. Se concluye que con la edad los cambios de NE plasmática ante un estrés agudo tienden a disminuir pero hay un aumento en la concentración de NE basal, lo cual es mas evidente en la mujer menopausica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Posture , Stress, Physiological , Norepinephrine , Blood Pressure , Aged, 80 and over , Sex Factors , Age Factors
13.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 42(4): 219-24, July-Aug. 2000. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-266055

ABSTRACT

We administered arecoline to rats, with experimentally induced chagasic myocarditis, in order to study the sinus node sensitivity to a muscarinic agonist. Sixteen month old rats were inoculated with 200,000 T. cruzi parasites ("Y" strain). Between days 18 and 21 (acute stage), 8 infected rats and 8 age-matched controls received intravenous arecoline as a bolus injection at the following doses: 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 40.0, and 80.0 mug/kg. Heart rate was recorded before, during and after each dose of arecoline. The remaining 8 infected animals and 8 controls were subjected to the same experimental procedure during the subacute stage, i.e., days 60 to 70 after inoculation. The baseline heart rate, of the animals studied during the acute stage (349 Ý 68 bpm, mean Ý SD), was higher than that of the controls (250 Ý 50 bpm, p < 0.005). The heart rate changes were expressed as percentage changes over baseline values. A dose-response curve was constructed for each group of animals. Log scales were used to plot the systematically doubled doses of arecoline and the induced-heart rate changes. The slope of the regression line for the acutely infected animals (r = - 0.99, b =1.78) was not different from that for the control animals (r = - 0.97, b = 1.61). The infected animals studied during the subacute stage (r = - 0.99, b = 1.81) were also not different from the age-matched controls (r = - 0.99, b = 1.26, NS). Consequently, our results show no pharmacological evidence of postjunctional hypersensitivity to the muscarinic agonist arecoline. Therefore, these results indirectly suggest that the postganglionic parasympathetic innervation, of the sinus node of rats with autopsy proved chagasic myocarditis, is not irreversibly damaged by Trypanosoma cruzi.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Arecoline/pharmacology , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/metabolism , Heart Rate/drug effects , Muscarinic Agonists/pharmacology , Sinoatrial Node/drug effects , Acute Disease , Parasympathetic Nervous System/drug effects , Parasympathetic Nervous System/parasitology , Rats, Wistar , Sinoatrial Node/innervation
14.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 37(2): 155-9, mar.-abr. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-154351

ABSTRACT

Com a finalidade de pesquisar o mecanismo responsavel pela taquicardia sinusal transitoria que ocorre nas ratas com miocardite chagasica aguda, foi estudado o balanco autonomico cardiaco em 16 ratas inoculadas com Trypanosoma cruzi por via intraperitoneal. Oito animais foram estudados entre os 18 e 21 dias apos-inoculacao (Estadio-agudo); os oito animais restantes foram estudados entre os dias 60 e 70 apos inoculacao (Estadio sub-agudo). Todos os animais em estudo bem como os controles receberam atenolol e atropina...


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Chagas Disease/complications , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/pathology , Atropine/therapeutic use , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/therapy , Trypanosoma cruzi/drug effects
15.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-163534

ABSTRACT

De acuerdo con la teoría neurogénica, la progresiva dilatación ventricular izquierda se debe a la destrucción de la neuronas cardiacas vagalas durante la fase aguda de la enfermedad. Nuestros resultados indican, por el contrario, que las anormalidades parasimpáticas cardiacas son muy probablemente manifestaciones tardías y compensatorias de la enfermedad cardiaca chagásica. La mayoría de los cardiópatas no chagásicos, tienen atenuados los mecanismos parasimpáticos cardiacos. Simultáneamente, los mecanismos simpáticos están hiperactivos. En estos pacientes, los medicamentos modernos, que frenan la hiperactividad simpática, prolongan la vida y retardan la dilatación ventricular. En los pacientes chagásicos se desconoce el status funcional del sistema simpático cardíaco .Nosotros creemos que este importante aspecto fisiopatólogico cardíaco, así como sus posibles implicaciones terapeúticas, deberían ser estudiados


Subject(s)
Humans , Chagas Disease/therapy
16.
Av. cardiol ; 13(5): 117-28, 1993. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-133185

ABSTRACT

Esta investigación, que forma parte de un estudio de prevalencia de hipertensión arterial, en la ciudad de Mérida Venezuela, comprende el seguimiento durante 18 meses de 24 de 35 adolescentes (74 por ciento ) con cifras tensionales por encima del percentil 95 para la edad y sexo. Las medidas de la presión arterial tanto sistólica como diastólica se realizaron de acuerdo a las recomendaciones del Comite para el Diagnóstico y Control de la Presión Arterial en Niños y Adolescentes. Se realizaron 3 medidas: la inicial o causal y las dos adicionales en reposo. Estas dos ultimas fueron registradas a los 12 y 18 meses. De los 24 adolescentes que se reexaminaron a los 12 y 18 meses, doce (50 por ciento ) tenían lecturas de presión arterial persistentemente elevadas (sistólica y/o diastólica). El análisis de nuestros resultados mostro correlación significativa entre la presión arterial sistólica y el sexo. La presión arterial diastólica no se correlacionó con la edad y con el sexo. Las medida iniciales, y los subsiguientes registros de la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, se corelacionaron significativamente entre si. El coeficiente de correlación para la presión sistólica fué de r=0.57 (p < 0.004) y de r=0.66 (p < 0.0005) para la presión diastólica. El valor predictivo, para hipertensión arterial futura de los diferentes registros de la arterial sistólica y diastólica, fue muy bajo. Este bajo valor predictivo, posiblemente se debe a los intervalos de confianza al 95 por ciento fueron muy amplios. En consecuencia, nuestros resultados indican que el hallazgo de hipertensión arterial, en una toma casual de presión arterial en los adolescentes no necesariamente indica enfermedad vascular o riesgo de adquirirla. Por consiguiente, estos hallazgos no deberían despertar alarma, pero si deben ser objetos de seguimiento posterior


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent/physiology , Blood Pressure , Hypertension/prevention & control , Longitudinal Studies , Regression Analysis
17.
Medula ; 1(3): 92-5, 1992.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-133157

ABSTRACT

El aneurisma apical ventricular izquierdo es considerado como una anormalidad particular y "específica" de la enfermead cardíaca chagásica. Esta alteración, segmentaria de la motilidad ventricular izquierda, está presente en pacientes chagásicos, con inervación parasimpática cardíaca normal. Las anormalidades parasimpáticas cardíacas se detectan tardíamente, en las fases arritmicas y congestivas de la enfermedad cardíaca chagásica. La región apexiana, del ventrículo izquierdo, está comunmente afectada en enfermedades miocárdicas agudas, no chagásicas. En consecuencia, el aneurisma apical ventricular izquierdo podría ser una secuela inespecífica, no necesariamente relacionada con anormalidades de la inervación parasimpática cardíaca


Subject(s)
Humans , Heart Aneurysm/etiology , Heart Aneurysm/physiopathology , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/complications , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/physiopathology , Chagas Disease/complications , Heart/innervation , Heart/pathology
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