ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Desenvolver um levantamento de indicadores para elaboração de uma proposta de orientação a familiares das crianças com alterações de linguagem em atendimento fonoaudiológico, baseado na compreensão das suas necessidades. Método: Em três diferentes momentos do processo terapêutico, 22 familiares de crianças atendidas, entre 2 a 11 anos, participaram de entrevistas semiestruturadas, baseadas na metodologia qualitativa. A análise das entrevistas resultou em 18 indicadores, especificando, para cada um deles, objetivos e sugestões de condutas. Resultados: A partir desses indicadores, uma proposta de intervenção foi construída para ajudar o profissional a atender as necessidades dos familiares, baseado nas suas perspectivas. Conclusão: A literatura conta com poucos estudos sobre intervenções fonoaudiológicas com famílias, logo, este estudo considerou as necessidades dos familiares, para enfatizar a importância de acolher a família e assegurar o respeito às singularidades do paciente e de seus familiares.
Objective: To develop a chart with indicators to help elaborate a family guidance proposal for families of children suffering from language disorders and undergoing speech therapy. That will be done by understanding the families' needs. Method: In 3 different moments of the treatment process, 22 family members of children between 2 and 11 years old who were in treatment, participated in semi-structured interviews for a qualitative enquiry. The analysis of the interviews resulted in 18 indicators, each of them specifying a goal and a guideline for the speech therapist. Results: Based on these indicators, a guidance proposal was constructed to help the professional to attend to the families' needs, as understood from their perspective. Conclusion: The literature offers few studies about family guidance in speech therapy. Therefore, the present study is based on the needs of the families, emphasizing the importance of taking the family in and guaranteeing respect for the singularities of both patients and their relatives.
Objetivo: Desarrollar una investigación de indicadores para preparar una propuesta de orientación a las familias de los niños con trastornos del lenguaje en la terapia fonoaudiológica, basado en la comprensión de sus necesidades. Método: En tres distintos momentos del proceso terapéutico fonoaudiológico, 22 familiares de niños en tratamiento, entre 2 y 11 años participaron de entrevistas semiestructuradas basadas en la metodología cualitativa. Del analisis de las entrevistas, resultaron 18 indicadores y se especifico, para cada una de ellos, metas y sugerencias de conductas. Resultados: A partir de estes indicadores, una propuesta de intervención fue construida para ayudar al Fonoaudiólogo para atender las necesidades de las familias, en fución de sus perspectivas. Conclusión: La literatura tiene pocos estudios sobre las intervenciones fonoaudiológica con las familias, por lo que este estudio tuvo en cuenta las necesidades de las familias para destacar la importancia de acojerlas y garantizar el respeto a las singularidades del paciente y de sus familias.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Child , Child Guidance , Family , Language Disorders , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Family RelationsABSTRACT
AIMS: To acquire data on the safety-in-use of the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae RC016 and test its ability to reduce genotoxicity caused by dietary aflatoxins (AFs). METHODS AND RESULTS: The probiotic was orally administered to Wistar rats. Six groups (n = 6) were arranged: feed and probiotic controls, two levels of AFs-contaminated feed and two treatments including both the probiotic and the toxin. Genotoxiciy and cytotoxicity were evaluated with the bone marrow micronuclei assay and the comet assay and internal organs were macroscopically and microscopically examined. The tested S. cerevisiae strain did not cause genotoxicity or cytotoxicity in vivo, and it was able to attenuate AFs-caused genotoxicity. Saccharomyces cerevisiae RC016 did not cause any impairment on the rats' health and it showed no negative impact on the weight gain. Moreover, RC016 improved zootechnical parameters in AFs-treated animals. The beneficial effects were likely to be caused by adsorption of AFs to the yeast cell wall in the intestine and the consequent reduction in the toxin's bioavailability. CONCLUSIONS: The dietary administration of RC016 does not induce genotoxicity or cytotoxicity to rats. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Incorporation of RC016 in the formulation of feed additives increases animal productivity. Similar effects may even occur in human food applications.