ABSTRACT
El síndrome de apnea del sueño se caracteriza por episodios repetidos de colapso total o parcial de la vía aérea superior durante el sueño. En los últimos años, esta enfermedad se ha asociado a un incremento de morbimortalidad de origen cardiovascular. Más recientemente, se ha reconocido su relación con ciertos procesos oftalmológicos. Éstos incluyen el síndrome del párpado flácido, el glaucoma, la neuropatía óptica isquémica no arterítica y el papiledema. En este artículo, y sobre la base de las pruebas disponibles, se discute acerca de estas asociaciones y de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que vinculan el síndrome de apnea del sueño y la salud ocular. El conocimiento de estas asociaciones por parte del oftalmólogo, el médico de familia y el especialista en trastornos del sueño es necesario para un mejor diagnóstico y tratamiento de estos pacientes (AU)
leep apnea syndrome is characterised by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway flow interruption during sleep. In the last twenty years, the relationship of sleep apnea with cardiovascular disease has been recognised. More recently, several ocular disorders have been associated with sleep apnea syndrome, including floppy eyelid syndrome, glaucoma, non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy and papilledema. Based on the published evidence, we discuss these associations along with the possible pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical management. It is needed that the ophthalmologist, the primary care physician and the sleep physician are aware of this association so that both sleep disorders and the related ophthalmologic disorders can be better diagnosed and treated (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/etiology , Polysomnography/methods , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Eyelid Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
Sleep apnea syndrome is characterised by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway flow interruption during sleep. In the last twenty years, the relationship of sleep apnea with cardiovascular disease has been recognised. More recently, several ocular disorders have been associated with sleep apnea syndrome, including floppy eyelid syndrome, glaucoma, non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy and papilledema. Based on the published evidence, we discuss these associations along with the possible pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical management. It is needed that the ophthalmologist, the primary care physician and the sleep physician are aware of this association so that both sleep disorders and the related ophthalmologic disorders can be better diagnosed and treated.
