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1.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 26(4): 825-835, Abr. 2024. ilus
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-VR-46

ABSTRACT

Watch-and-wait has emerged as a new strategy for the management of rectal cancer when a complete clinical response is achieved after neoadjuvant therapy. In an attempt to standardize this new clinical approach, initiated by the Spanish Cooperative Group for the Treatment of Digestive Tumors (TTD), and with the participation of the Spanish Association of Coloproctology (AECP), the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP), the Spanish Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (SEED), the Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology (SEOR), and the Spanish Society of Medical Radiology (SERAM), we present herein a consensus on a watch-and-wait approach for the management of rectal cancer. We have focused on patient selection, the treatment schemes evaluated, the optimal timing for evaluating the clinical complete response, the oncologic outcomes after the implementation of this strategy, and a protocol for surveillance of these patients.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods , Treatment Outcome , Chemoradiotherapy/methods
2.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 60(6): 638-646, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055520

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Recientemente se han comunicado firmes evidencias por la EORTC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer -ensayo 22911) y el SWOG (Southwest Oncology Group- ensayo 8794), señalando que la radioterapia (RT) es un tratamiento eficaz tras la prostatectomía en pacientes con alto riesgo de fracaso bioquímico. Definir el momento óptimo para su administración e identificar factores de riesgo predictivos de recidiva, son objetivos transcendentes para guiar la práctica asistencial. Métodos: Desde 1993 hasta 2003, 597 pacientes fueron tratados con prostatectomía radical en el Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón y áreas de referencia asistencial. 166 pacientes (28%) desarrollaron una recidiva bioquímica (definida como PSA ≥0,5 ng/ml e incluyendo aquellos casos con persistencia tumoral). Cuarenta y dos, recibieron tratamiento con RT (78% tras fallo bioquímico). La dosis media de RT fue de 66 Gy [60-74]. Resultados: Variables clínicas: Edad media: 68 años [49-80], media del PSA al diagnóstico: 29,8 ng/ml [2,6-475], Gleason prequirúrgico ≥7: 65%. Variables patológicas: Tras la prostatectomía, los pacientes tenían datos de mayor agresividad histológica que la definida previamente en las biopsias, apareciendo Gleason ≥7 en el 81% de los pacientes. El 83% a su vez tenían borde afecto y en el 90% de los casos el estadio era pT3-pT4. Variables evolutivas: El tiempo medio de aparición de la recidiva bioquímica fue de 22,2 meses, con un intervalo de 10,5 meses desde el diagnóstico hasta el inicio de la RT. La SG fue de 86±6 % a los 5 años y la Supervivencia Libre de Fracaso Bioquímico (SLFB) fue de 76±4% a los 5 años. Los factores predisponentes para la recidiva fueron: PSA >2 ng/ml al inicio de la RT (p=0,03), persistencia tumoral (p=0,05) y Gleason ≥7 tras la prostatectomía (p=0,01). No se observó un aumento de la toxicidad grado 3 y 4 en los pacientes tratados con RT. Conclusiones: La RT tras prostatectomía es un tratamiento eficaz de rescate tras recidiva bioquímica o persistencia cuando el PSA no supera los 2 ng/ml. En nuestra serie, el Gleason ≥7 es un factor adverso de respuesta a la RT de rescate. No existe un aumento de la toxicidad severa. La mejora de las técnicas de estadificación prequirúrgica, el papel de la hormonoterapia adyuvante y la selección de los pacientes para RT adyuvante centran los estudios actuales de los tratamientos tras prostatectomía (AU)


Objectives: Recently it has been reported in the EORTC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer) trial 22911 and the SWOG (Southwest Oncology Group) 8794, the evidence that radiotherapy (RT) is an effective treatment after the prostatectomy in patients with high risk of biochemical failure. We analyze predictor factors of biochemical relapse and the potential benefits induced by rescue treatment are the main purposes of our study. Methods: From 1993 to 2003, 597 prostatectomy were followed at Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón de Madrid, identifying 166 patients (p) (28%) of biochemical failure (defined as PSA ≥0’5 ng/ml, including post-surgical persistent values). 42 p received RT (78% due to delayed PSA relapse). The median total dose was 66 Gy [60-74]. Results: Clinical variables: Median age: 68 years [49-80], median PSA at diagnosis: 29,8 ng/ml [2,6-475]; presurgical Gleason ≥7: 65%. Histological variables: Prostatectomy induces stage migration to superior T (pT3-T4: 95%) and Gleason categories (≥7: 81%). 83% of relapsed p had positive margins and 90% had pT3-pT4. Outcome variables: median time to biochemical recurrence was 22,2 months. Median time interval between biochemical failure and RT was 10,5 months. Overall survival (5 years) was 86±6%. Freedom-from-biochemical failure at 5 years was 76±4%. RT had poor survival in p with PSA >2 ng/ml pre-RT (p=0,03), post-prostatectomy persistant disease (p=0,05) and Gleason score ≥7 (p=0,01). No increased grade 3-4 uro-rectal toxicity was observed. Conclusions: RT after prostatectomy improves freedom-from-biochemical failure in p with PSA values below 2 ng/ml. In our experience, Gleason score ≥7 is a negative predictor of response. There is no severe toxicity in our series. Improvement of the staging presurgery, the role of the adjuvant androgen deprivation and selection of patients for adjuvant RT focus current studies on treatment after prostatectomy (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Humans , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/methods , Prostatectomy/methods , Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant/adverse effects , Prognosis , Causality , Lymph Node Excision/methods , Follow-Up Studies , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control , Neoplasm Metastasis/radiotherapy
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