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1.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 22(87): 291-294, jul.-sept. 2020.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-194300

ABSTRACT

La hematuria es un motivo de consulta frecuente. Una adecuada historia clínica y exploración física permiten una aproximación diagnóstica inicial en la mayoría de los casos. Lo primero es reconocer y confirmar la hematuria, descartando otras circunstancias que pueden teñir falsamente la orina. El análisis del aspecto macroscópico de la orina es clave para determinar el origen glomerular o extraglomerular de la hematuria. Presentamos el caso de una niña con falsa hematuria por agente externo, efectuándose el diagnóstico a través de una exhaustiva historia clínica


Hematuria is a frequent reason for consultation. An adequate medical history and physical examination allow an initial diagnostic approach in most cases. The first thing is to recognize and confirm hematuria, ruling out other circumstances that can falsely stain urine. The analysis of the macroscopic appearance of urine is key to determine the glomerular or extraglomerular origin of hematuria. In this paper, the case of a girl with false hematuria from an external agent in which the diagnosis is reached through an exhaustive medical history


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Lye/therapeutic use , Hematuria/diagnosis , Urinalysis/methods , Sanitizing Products , Diagnosis, Differential , Urine Specimen Collection/standards
2.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 21(84): 393-396, oct.-dic. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-191980

ABSTRACT

El seno dérmico es un defecto congénito de cierre del tubo neural que se produce entre la tercera y la cuarta semana de gestación. Es una variedad de disrafismo que permite una potencial comunicación entre la piel y el sistema nervioso central. Se localiza preferentemente en línea media posterior, desde el occipucio hasta la región lumbosacra; la localización occipital es la segunda más frecuente. La clínica es muy variable, desde pacientes asintomáticos hasta el desarrollo de meningitis o abscesos por comunicación con el sistema nervioso central como primera manifestación clínica. La resonancia magnética es la prueba de imagen diagnóstica más adecuada, ya que permite determinar la extensión de las lesiones y descartar lesiones a otros niveles. Se recomienda exéresis quirúrgica profiláctica total en todos los casos. Presentamos un caso de una recién nacida con un hoyuelo cutáneo en la región occipital visualizado en la primera exploración física


The dermal sinus is a congenital neural tube closure defect that occurs between the 3rd -4th week of gestation. It is a variety of dysraphism that allows a potential communication between the skin and the central nervous system. It often is located in the posterior midline, from occipital to lumbosacral region, the occipital location is the second most frequent. The clinic is very variable, from asymptomatic patients to development of meningitis or abscesses due to a communication with the central nervous system as the first clinical manifestation. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most appropriate diagnostic imaging test, it allows to determine the lenght of the fistulous path and rule out injuries at other levels. Total prophylactic surgical excision is recommended in all cases. We present a case of a newborn with a skin dimple in occipital region visualized in the first physical examination


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Spinal Dysraphism/diagnostic imaging , Spina Bifida Occulta/diagnostic imaging , Dermoid Cyst/diagnostic imaging , Scalp/abnormalities , Diagnosis, Differential , Dermoid Cyst/classification
3.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(5): 309-313, sept.-oct. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-127035

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar la exposición a radiaciones ionizantes por parte de dos cirujanos ortopédicos en su práctica diaria y revisar las principales recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales al respecto. Material y método. Se efectúo un estudio retrospectivo de la actividad quirúrgica con uso de fluoroscopia realizado por dos cirujanos ortopédicos en un año. Se calculó la radiación recibida basándose en mediciones por procesos publicados en la bilbliografía. Revisión bibliográfica de recomendaciones y normativas internacionales. Resultado. La radiación recibida en un año por los dos cirujanos ortopédicos no sobrepasó el límite de la legislación actual ni el de las nuevas recomendaciones europeas e internacionales. La exposición fue asimétrica, siendo las manos la zona más radiada. Las nuevas recomendaciones rebajan los niveles permitidos de radiación en ojos. Discusión. La estimación de radiación recibida hace necesario proteger y vigilar especialmente las manos y los ojos. Son necesarios conocimientos del funcionamiento del fluoroscopio y de las medidas de radioprotección (AU)


Objective. To analyse the exposure of two Orthopaedic Surgeons to ionizing radiations in their daily work, and to review the main national and international recommendations on this subject. Material and methods. A retrospective study was conducted on the surgical treatments that use fluoroscopy performed by two Orthopaedic Surgeons during a one year period. An evaluation was made of the radiation received, based on measurements of the processes published in the bibliography section. A literature review of international recommendations and regulations is also presented. Results. The radiation received by the two Orthopaedic Surgeons during one year did not exceed the limits of present-day legislation or the new European and international recommendations. The exposure was asymmetrical, with the hands being the most radiated part. The new recommendations reduce the permitted level of radiation on eyes. Discussion. The evaluation of the radiation received demonstrates the need for radiation protection, paying particular attention to the hands and eyes. Good knowledge of operating a fluoroscope and radiation safety measures are also essential (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Radiation , Radiation Exposure , Radiation Protection/methods , Radiation Protection/standards , Radiation Measurement , Radiometry/methods , Radiometry , Dosimetry/methods , Operating Rooms , Radiation Protection/legislation & jurisprudence , Radiation Protection/statistics & numerical data , Fluoroscopy/methods , Fluoroscopy , Retrospective Studies , Radiometry/instrumentation , Radiometry/trends
4.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 58(5): 309-13, 2014.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25022213

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the exposure of two Orthopaedic Surgeons to ionizing radiations in their daily work, and to review the main national and international recommendations on this subject. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on the surgical treatments that use fluoroscopy performed by two Orthopaedic Surgeons during a one year period. An evaluation was made of the radiation received, based on measurements of the processes published in the bibliography section. A literature review of international recommendations and regulations is also presented. RESULTS: The radiation received by the two Orthopaedic Surgeons during one year did not exceed the limits of present-day legislation or the new European and international recommendations. The exposure was asymmetrical, with the hands being the most radiated part. The new recommendations reduce the permitted level of radiation on eyes. DISCUSSION: The evaluation of the radiation received demonstrates the need for radiation protection, paying particular attention to the hands and eyes. Good knowledge of operating a fluoroscope and radiation safety measures are also essential.


Subject(s)
Fluoroscopy , Occupational Exposure , Orthopedic Procedures , Orthopedics , Radiation Exposure , Humans , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Operating Rooms , Radiation Exposure/adverse effects , Radiation Protection , Retrospective Studies
5.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 53(2): 106-112, mar.-abr. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-62126

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analizar los resultados de las fracturas de diáfi sis femoral del niño tratadas ennuestro centro mediante enclavado intramedular elástico y su comparación con los resultadosdel tratamiento con fi jador externo.Material y método: se estudió retrospectivamente a 40 pacientes con fracturas de fémurintervenidos en nuestro centro entre mayo de 1995 y enero de 2006. Veinte pacientes setrataron mediante enclavado elástico y 20 mediante fi jador externo. La media de tiempode seguimiento fue 20,6 (intervalo, 3-59) meses. Se analizaron los resultados radiográfi -cos iniciales y evolutivos, y su relación con el tiempo de ingreso, tiempo de consolidación,número de consultas de revisión e incidencia de complicaciones y reintervenciones.Resultados: la duración de la cirugía, la estancia media hospitalaria y las complicacionesde la herida quirúrgica son menores en el grupo de enclavado elástico. El tiempo de consolidaciónde la fractura, así como las complicaciones a largo plazo, y el número de reintervencionesfueron también menores en este grupo. Los hallazgos radiológicos demostrarontambién menores angulación, desplazamiento y discrepancia de longitud fi nal delas extremidades en los niños tratados con clavos elásticos.Conclusiones: en este trabajo se refuerza la idea de que el enclavado elástico, por lasencillez del proceso, menores agresión y necesidad de cuidados para el niño, los mejoresresultados clínico-radiológicos y la menor tasa de complicaciones y reintervenciones,es una mejor opción en el tratamiento de estas fracturas(AU)


Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of pediatric femoral shaft fractures in our hospital,comparing the results obtained with elastic intramedullary nailing with those of externalfi xation.Materials and methods: We retrospectively studied 40 patients with femoral fracturesoperated in our hospital between May 1995 and January 2006. 20 patients were treatedby means of elastic nailing and 20 with an external fi xator. Mean follow-up was 20.6months (range: 3-59). Initial and subsequent radiographic results were analyzed, as wellas their relationship with hospitalization time, time to healing, number of follow-upvisits and incidence of complications and reoperations.Results: OR time, mean hospital stay and complications related to the surgical woundwere lower in the elastic nailing group. Time to fracture union, the rate of long-termcomplications and the number of reoperations were also lower in this group. Radiologicalfi ndings also showed less angulation, displacement and fi nal leg length discrepancy inchildren treated with elastic nails.Conclusions: This study confi rms the notion that elastic nailing, given the simplicity ofthe procedure and its lower degree of invasiveness, the reduced need to protect thechild, its better clinical-radiological results and the lower rate of complications andreoperations, is a better option for treating these fractures(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Femoral Fractures/epidemiology , Femoral Fractures/surgery , External Fixators/trends , External Fixators , Femoral Fractures , Femur/injuries , Femur/surgery , Femur , /economics , Retrospective Studies , Postoperative Care/methods , Knee Injuries/surgery
6.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 52(5): 306-314, sept. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-69359

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar el resultado de las prótesis de cabeza radial implantadas en nuestro hospital y compararlo con los resultados publicados en la literatura.Material y método. Hemos realizado un estudio descriptivoretrospectivo de las fracturas de cabeza radial tipos III y IV de Mason tratadas en nuestro hospital desde julio de 2003 hasta noviembre 2005 mediante implantación de una prótesis. La serie comprendía 15 artroplastias, de las cuales solamente 12 presentaban un adecuado seguimiento (media de 18,1 meses). Para la evaluación de los resultados clínicos se ha empleado la escala de Mayo combinada con otros parámetros clínicos (pérdida de fuerza de prensión y tiempo de reincorporación a su actividad previa). En los resultados radiológicosse han considerado la migración proximal del radioy los cambios producidos en las articulaciones del codoy la muñeca.Resultados. Hemos obtenido 6 resultados excelentes, tresbuenos, uno regular y dos malos. Estos últimos requirieron la retirada del implante. No hemos tenido dolor en la muñeca en ningún caso, aunque la mitad de los pacientes refirieron pérdida de fuerza de prensión.Conclusiones. Los resultados son esperanzadores, por loque consideramos la artroplastia de cabeza radial una buena solución terapéutica en los casos de fracturas con inestabilidad de codo, y en algunos casos de fracturas no sintetizables sin inestabilidad asociada, aunque el seguimiento es demasiado corto para valorar la supervivencia y complicaciones a largo plazo del implante


Purpose. To analyze the results obtained with the implantation of radial head prostheses in our center and compare them with the results published in the literature.Materials and methods. We carried out a descriptive retrospective study of Mason type III and IV radial head fractures treated in our hospital between July 2003 and November 2005 by jeans of prosthetic implantation. The series comprised 15 arthroplasties, of which only 12 were followed up appropriately (mean of 18.1 months). In order to assess clinical results, we used the Mayo functional score combined with other clinical parameters (loss of grip strength, length of time necessary to return to previous activity level). In radiologicalresults, we considered proximal radial migrationand any changes affecting the elbow and wrist joints.Results. We obtained 6 excellent results, 3 good results,1 fair and 1 poor. The poor results required the implant to be withdrawn. None of the cases had associated wrist pain, although half of the patients reported loss of grip strength.Conclusions. The promising results obtained would seem toindicate that radial head arthroplasty is a good therapeutic solution for fractures with elbow instability and for some fractures with no associated instability but which are not amenable to osteosynthesis. It should be said, however, thatour follow-up is too short to be able to make any hard-andfast assumptions on the implant’s survivorship or long-term complications (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Radius/surgery , Arthroplasty, Replacement/methods , Treatment Outcome , Joint Instability/surgery , Elbow Joint/surgery , Postoperative Complications
7.
Mt Sinai J Med ; 61(5): 424-8, 1994 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7799979

ABSTRACT

Notwithstanding a number of advances in the understanding of hyperbilirubinemia and its treatment in the newborn, controversy continues. The trend has been to decrease interventions and observe and manage infants with jaundice as outpatients. This trend will probably prove to be both medically and economically sound. In the absence of significant hemolysis or other underlying medical conditions such as infection, many physicians are now comfortable with expectant observation for those healthy full-term infants with serum bilirubin measurements of less than 18 mg/dL. New thinking about this condition and advances in treatment may transform hyperbilirubinemia in neonates into a medical curiosity.


Subject(s)
Jaundice, Neonatal/therapy , Bilirubin/metabolism , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Jaundice, Neonatal/metabolism , Metalloporphyrins/therapeutic use , Phototherapy
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