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1.
Malays Orthop J ; 7(2): 27-8, 2013 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25722822

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Hip pain, in the paediatric population, is a common complaint and a cause for admission. There are several diagnoses one has to keep in mind, when making the differential diagnosis, as the treatment for each can be quite different. Often, the radiographs obtained for these patients turn up normal. Hence one has to rely on clinical findings, laboratory parameters, and possibly an ultrasound investigation in order to clinch the diagnosis and initiate the appropriate treatment. KEY WORDS: Paediatric, hip, pain, normal radiographs.

2.
J Hand Surg Eur Vol ; 32(3): 282-8, 2007 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17321650

ABSTRACT

Metacarpal and phalangeal fracture malunions with significant angulation deformity are associated with bone shortening, prominence of the metacarpal head in the palm or pseudoclaw deformity and may be symptomatic. If so, they may need corrective osteotomy procedures. Conventional methods of closing, or opening, wedge osteotomy do not restore the length of the bone exactly. Simultaneous correction of the angular deformity and restoration of bone length can be addressed by a trapezoid rotational bone graft osteotomy. A double osteotomy is done and the segment of bone is rotated and re-inserted as a bone graft. This was done successfully in four metacarpal and two phalangeal fracture malunions with angulation deformities.


Subject(s)
Finger Phalanges/injuries , Fractures, Malunited/surgery , Metacarpal Bones/injuries , Osteotomy/methods , Adult , Bone Transplantation , Finger Joint/physiopathology , Fractures, Malunited/physiopathology , Hand Strength , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Range of Motion, Articular , Transplantation, Autologous
3.
J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) ; 13(2): 139-46, 2005 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16131675

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the results of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions using either a patella-tendon autograft or a semitendinosus-tendon autograft. METHODS: Based on surgeon experience and preference, 68 patients underwent ACL reconstruction using either a quadruple-strand semitendinosus autograft (n = 34) or a central one-third bone-patella tendon-bone autograft (n = 34). Each patient was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, and 24 months using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee score, Biodex muscle strength and endurance testing, and the KT1000 instrumented arthrometer test of knee laxity to anterior translation. All assessments at the 2-year follow-up were performed by the same physician and physiotherapist. RESULTS: While ACL reconstruction improved knee stability and IKDC knee scores significantly, there was no statistically significant difference between semitendinosus- and patella-tendon autograft reconstructions in terms of long-term knee score or laxity to anterior translation. Semitendinosus graft reconstruction was associated with less donor-site morbidity and hamstring weakness. Meniscectomy was associated with poorer long-term knee scores. CONCLUSION: ACL reconstruction is associated with a significantly better IKDC knee score and laxity measurement at 2-year follow-up. However, we were unable to demonstrate a significantly better long-term outcome in knee score or laxity to anterior translation with either a patella-tendon autograft or a semitendinosus-tendon autograft.


Subject(s)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Tendons/transplantation , Adolescent , Adult , Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Injury Severity Score , Knee Injuries/diagnosis , Knee Injuries/surgery , Male , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Pain Measurement , Patella/transplantation , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Range of Motion, Articular/physiology , Recovery of Function , Risk Assessment , Time Factors , Transplantation, Autologous , Treatment Outcome
4.
J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) ; 13(1): 88-92, 2005 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15872409

ABSTRACT

We report a case of limited stage Ewing's sarcoma which was initially treated as chronic osteomyelitis for 3 years. A 24-year-old man presented with a one-week history of pain in the right arm and fever, with histology suggestive of osteomyelitis of the affected humerus. He developed multiple relapses of pain and fever; each episode responded to antibiotic treatment. A second biopsy was performed 3 years later and confirmed a diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma. Despite a 3-year delay in diagnosis, the disease remained localised. This case report highlights an atypical facet of the natural history of Ewing's sarcoma: a response to antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agents, and the limited stage of the disease despite a misdiagnosis of 3 years. This suggests the possibility that anti-inflammatory agents exert an inhibitory effect on the tumour growth. We also highlight the newer histologic and immunologic staining used in the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.


Subject(s)
Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnostic Errors , Humerus , Sarcoma, Ewing/diagnosis , 12E7 Antigen , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antigens, CD/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Bone Neoplasms/surgery , Cell Adhesion Molecules/analysis , Chronic Disease , Fibula/transplantation , Humans , Male , Orthopedic Procedures/methods , Osteomyelitis/diagnosis , Osteomyelitis/therapy , Sarcoma, Ewing/surgery , Time Factors
5.
J Biol Chem ; 276(42): 38870-6, 2001 Oct 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11481335

ABSTRACT

Studies involving the cloning and disruption of the gene for acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) have shown that alternative mechanisms exist for triglyceride synthesis. In this study, we cloned and characterized a second mammalian DGAT, DGAT2, which was identified by its homology to a DGAT in the fungus Mortierella rammaniana. DGAT2 is a member of a gene family that has no homology with DGAT1 and includes several mouse and human homologues that are candidates for additional DGAT genes. The expression of DGAT2 in insect cells stimulated triglyceride synthesis 6-fold in assays with cellular membranes, and DGAT2 activity was dependent on the presence of fatty acyl-CoA and diacylglycerol, indicating that this protein is a DGAT. Activity was not observed for acyl acceptors other than diacylglycerol. DGAT2 activity was inhibited by a high concentration (100 mm) of MgCl(2) in an in vitro assay, a characteristic that distinguishes DGAT2 from DGAT1. DGAT2 is expressed in many tissues with high expression levels in the liver and white adipose tissue, suggesting that it may play a significant role in mammalian triglyceride metabolism.


Subject(s)
Acyltransferases/classification , Acyltransferases/genetics , 3T3 Cells , Acyltransferases/chemistry , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Blotting, Northern , Cell Differentiation , Cell Line , Cells, Cultured , Cloning, Molecular , DNA, Complementary/metabolism , Databases as Topic , Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Insecta , Kinetics , Liver/metabolism , Magnesium Chloride/pharmacology , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Mortierella/enzymology , Multigene Family , Phylogeny , Protein Binding , Sequence Homology, Amino Acid , Time Factors , Tissue Distribution , Triglycerides/biosynthesis
6.
Nat Genet ; 25(1): 87-90, 2000 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10802663

ABSTRACT

Triglycerides (or triacylglycerols) represent the major form of stored energy in eukaryotes. Triglyceride synthesis has been assumed to occur primarily through acyl CoA:diacylglycerol transferase (Dgat), a microsomal enzyme that catalyses the final and only committed step in the glycerol phosphate pathway. Therefore, Dgat has been considered necessary for adipose tissue formation and essential for survival. Here we show that Dgat-deficient (Dgat-/-) mice are viable and can still synthesize triglycerides. Moreover, these mice are lean and resistant to diet-induced obesity. The obesity resistance involves increased energy expenditure and increased activity. Dgat deficiency also alters triglyceride metabolism in other tissues, including the mammary gland, where lactation is defective in Dgat-/- females. Our findings indicate that multiple mechanisms exist for triglyceride synthesis and suggest that the selective inhibition of Dgat-mediated triglyceride synthesis may be useful for treating obesity.


Subject(s)
Acyltransferases/deficiency , Acyltransferases/genetics , Obesity/metabolism , Triglycerides/biosynthesis , Absorption , Animals , Body Temperature Regulation/genetics , Calorimetry , Diacylglycerol O-Acyltransferase , Dietary Fats/administration & dosage , Energy Metabolism/genetics , Female , Insulin Resistance/genetics , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Knockout , Obesity/enzymology , Obesity/genetics , Triglycerides/genetics
7.
Public Health Nurs ; 14(4): 251-5, 1997 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9270290

ABSTRACT

Previous studies have determined that Latino women, especially Mexican women, have the lowest rates of cancer-screening practices of any racial and ethnic group in the United States (L. S. Caplan, B. L. Wells, & S. Haynes, 1992; L. C. Harlan, A. B. Bernstein, & L. G. Kessler, 1991). The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify factors associated with irregular Papanicolaou (Pap) screening among Latino women. The convenience sample consisted of 111 Mexican and Puerto Rican women ages 40 and older, recruited through two inner-city clinics, located in two major Latino communities in Chicago. The women were interviewed face-to-face by trained bilingual interviewers, using a structured questionnaire. Mexican ethnicity and older age were found to be associated with irregular cervical cancer-screening practices. These results suggest that interventions need to be developed for educating Latino women about the purpose and importance of Pap test-screening practices. Further research is needed to examine other barriers that impede these women from using cervical cancer-screening services.


Subject(s)
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Hispanic or Latino/psychology , Mass Screening , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control , Women/psychology , Adult , Chicago , Female , Humans , Papanicolaou Test , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vaginal Smears , Women/education
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