ABSTRACT
The bread clip is one of the most insidious foreign body ingested. The bread clip poses a serious medical danger to patients yet may often fail to manifest itself clinically on initial ingestion. We present a case series of three patients with bread clips ingestions that were managed in the Gold Coast University Hospital, Queensland, Australia between 2020 and 2021. Bread clips are not always readily identifiable depending on imaging and the management of these patients will often require a multidisciplinary approach between the surgeons, gastroenterologists and radiologists.
Subject(s)
Practice Guidelines as Topic , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Thyroidectomy/standards , Australia , Health Care Surveys , Humans , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards , Societies, Medical , Thyroidectomy/methods , Thyroidectomy/statistics & numerical data , United StatesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There has been recent evidence supporting post-pancreatectomy pancreatitis as a factor in the development of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). The aims of this study were to evaluate: (i) the correlation of the acinar cell density at the pancreatic resection margin with the intra-operative amylase concentration (IOAC) of peri-pancreatic fluid, postoperative pancreatitis, and POPF; and (ii) the association between postoperative pancreatitis on the first postoperative day and POPF. METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent pancreatic resection between June 2016 and July 2017 were included for analysis. Fluid for IOAC was collected, and amylase concentration was determined in drain fluid on postoperative days 1, 3, and 5. Serum amylase and lipase and urinary trypsinogen-2 concentrations were determined on the first postoperative day. Histology slides of the pancreatic resection margin were scored for acinar cell density. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients were included in the analysis. Acinar cell density significantly correlated with IOAC (r = 0.566, p < 0.001), and was significantly associated with postoperative pancreatitis (p < 0.001), and POPF (p = 0.003). Postoperative pancreatitis was significantly associated with the development of POPF (OR 17.81, 95%CI 2.17-145.9, p = 0.001). DISCUSSION: The development of POPF may involve a complex interaction between acinar cell density, immediate leakage of pancreatic fluid, and postoperative pancreatitis.
Subject(s)
Acinar Cells/pathology , Margins of Excision , Pancreatectomy/adverse effects , Pancreatic Fistula/etiology , Pancreaticoduodenectomy/adverse effects , Pancreatitis/etiology , Acinar Cells/enzymology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Amylases/blood , Biomarkers/blood , Biomarkers/urine , Biopsy , Female , Humans , Lipase/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreatic Fistula/enzymology , Pancreatic Fistula/pathology , Pancreatitis/enzymology , Pancreatitis/pathology , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Trypsin/urine , Trypsinogen/urineABSTRACT
Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) accounts for only 3% of plasma cell malignancies; others include multiple myeloma, plasma cell leukemia and solitary plasmacytoma of bone. The majority of EMPs are found in the upper respiratory tract. Other sites include the GI tract, bladder, CNS, thyroid, breast, testes, parotid gland, lymph nodes and skin. There are eight cases in the literature of adrenal plasmacytoma, however, only two were bilateral. We describe our recent experience of bilateral adrenal plasmacytoma and review of the literature. While EMP may present as aggressive locally destructive lesions, excellent local control can be achieved in a majority of cases. Follow-up should be lifelong due to risk of progression to multiple myeloma.
