Treatment and outcome of coronary artery perforations using a dual guiding catheter technique.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the success rate and outcome of coronary artery perforation treatment using a dual guiding catheter technique. BACKGROUND: Coronary artery perforation is a rare but severe complication during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with high mortality. The use of a second guiding catheter is a helpful technique to minimize hemorrhage through the perforation during interventional repair. METHODS: We screened all patients between March 2004 and December 2014 who underwent PCI in our department for the occurrence of peri-interventional coronary perforation that was treated using a dual catheter technique. Patient and lesion characteristics as well as outcome were determined. RESULTS: We identified 8 patients who experienced coronary artery perforations (Ellis grade III) during coronary intervention and were treated using a dual guiding catheter approach. The procedure was technically successful (placement of covered stent and sealing of perforation) in 6 patients. Pericardiocentesis was required in 3 patients (38%). Total mortality was 12% (n=1). No coronary or peripheral vascular access complication occurred due to the use of a second guiding catheter. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the dual guiding catheter technique is a useful and alternative approach to treat severe Ellis grade III coronary artery perforations that occur in the context of percutaneous coronary interventions.

Differential phase-noise properties of a ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.

The interferometric gravitational-wave detector Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) needs to transfer clock information among its three spacecraft in the form of phase-modulation sidebands. For this reason phase noise introduced by the optical chain between the carrier and a sideband must be low. We have measured this differential phase noise for a ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier emitting up to 2 W. For 1 W of output power as required for LISA, the measured differential phase noise was within its requirement. For 2 W output power the amplifier exhibited stimulated Brillouin scattering and showed a differential phase-noise factor of up to 15 higher. Dependencies on operating parameters and optical length noise of the amplifier were also measured.

Modulation-free sub-Doppler laser frequency stabilization to molecular iodine with a common-path, two-color interferometer.

Recently, a simple common-path, two-color interferometer has been used for Doppler-free saturated dispersion spectroscopy of iodine. We have used such a set-up to stabilize a Nd:YAG laser for the first time, to our knowledge. This method requires only a small number of low-cost optical components compared to frequency modulation techniques.We have measured a root Allan variance of 5 . 10(-12) for 0.2 s, and below 5 . 10 (-11) for integration times up to 300 s.