ABSTRACT
Cells establish and sustain structural and functional integrity of the genome to support cellular identity and prevent malignant transformation. In this review, we present a strategic overview of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms including histone modifications and higher order chromatin organization (HCO) that are perturbed in breast cancer onset and progression. Implications for dysfunctions that occur in hormone regulation, cell cycle control, and mitotic bookmarking in breast cancer are considered, with an emphasis on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell activities. The architectural organization of regulatory machinery is addressed within the contexts of translating cancer-compromised genomic organization to advances in breast cancer risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, and identification of novel therapeutic targets with high specificity and minimal off target effects.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Chromatin/genetics , Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics , Genome/genetics , Animals , Cell Line, Tumor , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics , Female , Humans , Mice , Neoplastic Stem CellsABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi propor uma lista de indicadores como forma de avaliação de desempenho para o Centro de Engenharia Clínica e Bioequipamentos do HCFMRP-USP. Indicadores são importantes ferramentas de controle e de qualidade e fornecem bases para melhorar o desempenho do estabelecimento de saúde. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada a literatura, referente aos indicadores para a área de Engenharia Clínica. Equipe multidisciplinar composta pelos autores do artigo foi formada para discutir e escolher os indicadores que seriam propostos como medidas de avaliação de desempenho. Foi desenvolvido um estudo na bibliografia disponível sobre o tema e também entrevistas com os gestores-chaves que estão responsáveis pela área. Adotou-se o BSC - Balanced Scorecard, em suas perspectivas financeira, de clientes, de processos internos e de aprendizado e crescimento como mapa estruturante dos indicadores. Foram propostos dezesseis indicadores nas quatro perspectivas do BSC...
The aim of this study was to propose a list of indicators as a mean of performance evaluation for the Clinical Engineering Center of the Hospital of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (HCFMRP USP). Indicators are important tools of quality control and supply bases to enhance the performance of the health facility. In order to collect data, it was used the literature regarding the indicators for the area of Clinical Engineering. Multidisciplinary team was formed to discuss and choose the indicators that were proposed as measures of performance evaluation. A study in the literature available about the topic and also interviews with the key managers who are responsible for the area were developed. It was adopted the BSC - Balanced Scorecard as a structural map of the indicators. Sixteen indicators were proposed in the four BSC...
Subject(s)
Humans , Hospital Administration , Biomedical Engineering , Management Indicators , Strategic PlanningABSTRACT
Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation has been shown to be an important factor in atheromatous plaque formation, hypertrophy associated with essential hypertension, and failure of balloon angioplasty procedures. Investigators have shown that a number of different agents stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, including epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, angiotensin II, and catecholamines. Previously, we have demonstrated that these agents also cause immediate changes in ion transport and second messenger generation in vascular smooth muscle cells. We have proposed that these immediate changes may be linked to each other and to cell proliferation. In contrast to the many agents that have been shown to stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, only a few agents (e.g., heparin sodium or transforming growth factor-beta) have been shown to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. In the present study we have investigated whether heparin inhibits serum- or growth factor-stimulated changes in ion transport and second messenger generation in vascular smooth muscle cells. We found that heparin inhibits serum- or growth factor-stimulated Na(+)-H+ exchange in a concentration-dependent manner that is not dependent on the ability of heparin to function as an anticoagulant agent. In addition, other glycosaminoglycans were not found to be inhibitory, and the inhibitory effects of heparin were discovered to be limited to vascular smooth muscle cells. Heparin does not appear to be acting by binding to growth factors, or by directly inhibiting the Na(+)-H+ exchange protein. However, heparin did inhibit serum- or growth factor-stimulated inositol trisphosphate release and calcium mobilization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
