ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was the composite estimation of bone tissue metabolism in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) after having taken into account such factors as a high risk of incidence of osteoporosis in patients with AS and potential danger of permanent immobility. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-six patients with established diagnosis of AS and 63 healthy individuals in the control group were included into the study. To measure bone mineral density (BMD) the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method was used. Additionally, biochemical markers of osteoporosis such as bone fraction of an alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (BGP) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) as well as many inflammatory markers of disease activity have been determined. RESULTS: In our study with AS had significantly diminished bone mineral density, as compared with health controls. The presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis was associated with longer duration of the disease and with higher age. In the overall group of AS patients bone degradation marker, Dpd, correlated with serum concentration of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and inversely with BMD measured in the forearm. However, no direct association could be revealed between lower bone density and markers of inflammation or inflammatory cytokines, except of IL-6 witch was significantly higher in AS patients with osteoporosis/osteopenia than those without. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that disease duration and higher age are risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with AS. Inflammation might contribute to the accelerated bone loss in AS through stimulation of bone degradation.
Subject(s)
Bone and Bones/metabolism , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/diagnostic imaging , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Bone Density , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Cytokines/metabolism , Densitometry/methods , Humans , Inflammation , Interleukin-6/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Osteoporosis/metabolism , Radiography , Risk , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolismABSTRACT
Interleukin-17F (IL-17F) is a novel proinflammatory cytokine. IL-17F gene is an excellent candidate for chronic inflammatory disease. We investigated the association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and His161Arg (7488A/G; rs763780) and Glu126Gly (7383A/G; rs2397084) polymorphism of IL-17F gene. The gene polymorphisms in 220 Polish patients with RA and 106 healthy subjects were amplified by polymerase chain reaction with restriction endonuclease mapping. Overall, the polymorphisms of the IL-17F gene were not correlated with susceptibility to RA in Polish population. However, the IL-17F His161Arg variant was associated with parameters of disease activity, such as number of tender joints, HAQ score or DAS-28-CRP. Moreover, our findings have shown that Glu126Gly IL-17F gene polymorphism may be correlated with longer disease duration in patients with RA. Our results for the first time showed the relationship between IL-17F gene polymorphisms and severity of RA.
Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics , Interleukin-17/genetics , Age of Onset , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Chi-Square Distribution , DNA/chemistry , DNA/genetics , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genetic Variation , Humans , Interleukin-17/immunology , Male , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important multifunctional cytokine with both anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, we evaluated the frequency and potential impact of IL-10 promoter polymorphisms on susceptibility to and severity of RA in Polish in - patients with a high disease activity (mean DAS 28 C-reactive protein 5.25). DNA was obtained from 244 RA patients and 106 healthy controls. The -592C/A and -1082G/A IL-10 gene polymorphisms were amplified by polymerase chain reaction with restriction endonuclease mapping. The frequency of the IL-10-592CA, -592AA genotypes (respectively: 30% vs 5% and 7% vs 0%) and allele -592A (37% vs 5%) were significantly higher in RA patients as compared with a control group. We did not find any association of the IL-10-592C/A genotype distribution with disease parameters, except for an increased ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) in patients with the -592CC genotype as compared with those with -592CA or -592AA genotypes (P = 0.01). The frequency of the IL-10-1082GG genotype was lower (P = 0.0001), and that of the IL-10-1082GA genotype was higher (P = 0.009) in RA patients comparing with the control group. In RA patients with -1082GA or -1082AA genotypes the time duration of the disease (P = 0.03), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) Score (P = 0.04) and PLT count (P = 0.001) were significantly increased as compared with subjects with -1082GG genotype. Presented findings indicate that IL-10-592C/A and IL-10-1082G/A polymorphisms may be considered genetic risk factors for RA susceptibility and severity.
