ABSTRACT
Achillea species are widely used in folk medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. The inhibitory effect on the human neutrophils respiratory burst activity of total extracts, their fractions and some main constituents of the flower heads from Achillea asplenifolia, A. collina and A. distans belonging to A. millefolium complex of Bulgarian origin, were tested by the modified method of Tan and Berridge. Seven from the investigated fractions showed activity similar or higher than that of indomethacine and might be evaluated as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
Subject(s)
Achillea/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/isolation & purification , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Lactones/isolation & purification , Lactones/pharmacology , Neutrophils/drug effects , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry , Bulgaria , Humans , Indomethacin/pharmacokinetics , Indomethacin/pharmacology , Lactones/chemistry , Medicine, Traditional , Respiratory BurstABSTRACT
We describe the synthesis of some 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl D-glycopyranosides by reaction of tert-butylhydroquinone with beta-D-pentaacetyl-glucose, beta-D-pentaacetyl-galactose, 2-acetamido- and 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-butanamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl chlorides as well as the formation of anomeric 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-D-erythro-hex-2-eno-pyranosides by reaction between tert-butylhydroquinone and 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal. All compounds, except 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl alpha- and beta-D-glucopyranosides, inhibited lipid peroxidation with a degree of potency comparable to that of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemical synthesis , Glucose/analogs & derivatives , Glycosides/chemical synthesis , Hydroquinones/chemistry , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Acetylation , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Benzenesulfonates/metabolism , Glucose/metabolism , Glycosides/pharmacology , Iron/metabolism , Linoleic Acid/metabolism , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular , Rats , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Seven xanthanolides were identified in the extract of X. italicum leaves. Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities were found for the total extract and its major constituents xanthinin and xanthatin.
