[The content of apolipoproteins in blood M and parameters of lipid metabolism in population of North Polar regions and Southern regions of Caucasus].

The study was carried out concerning the between content of apolipoproteins A and B in blood and lipid metabolism in population of North Polar regions and Southern regions of Caucasus. The differences of correlation relationships depending on concentration of apolipoproteins A and B in blood in population dwelling in territories climate geographic regions were detected.

[Relationships between the lipid metabolic parameters and the humoral factors of natural immunity in children and adolescents].

With age, antiatherogenic defense in North aboriginal children is regulated by the humoral mechanisms of immunity, by increasing the levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA), interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-a and decreasing the content of interleukin-8 and interferon-alpha in particular, by reflecting the ability of the immune system to maintain and reduce the atherogenicity of blood lipids.

[Endocrine and metabolic profile features in railway stock workers].

The studies covered physiologic features of adrenal cortex, pancreatic insular apparatus and carbohydrates metabolites in apparently healthy railway stock workers, in accordance with occupation, age, length of service and season. The authors proved dependence of endocrine and serum metabolic parameters on occupational activity type, age, length of service and season.

[Impact of the use of alcoholic beverages on lipid metabolic parameters in Northern Water Basin workers].

The nature of changes in lipid metabolic parameters was studied in the sailors, river transport workers, and fishermen of the Northern Water Basin in relation to the specific features of their working conditions and the frequency of drinking alcoholic beverages. It was shown that there was imbalance in the levels of lipid parameters, which was more pronounced in sailors and river transport workers.

[Transgenic Belarussian-bred potato plants expressing genes for antimicrobial peptides of the cecropin-melittin type].

Binary vectors for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation were constructed to express the genes for antimicrobial peptides (APs) of the cectropin-melittin type under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter in plants. It was shown with Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens cells that the cassettes could be cloned in pB1121-based vectors with deletion of the 3-D-glycuronidase gene only in the orientation opposite to that of the original vector. Transgenic potato plants were obtained using the Belarussian varieties Odyssey, Vetraz, and Scarb. Their cells expressed the MsrA1 or CEMA peptides of the cecropin-melittin type. The expression was shown to confer higher resistance to bacterial (Erwinia carotovora) infection and extremely high resistance to fungal (Phytophtora infestans and Alternarla solani) infections.

[Various acute phase reactants in different types of proliferative diseases of the uterine appendages].

The authors examined serum in patients with ovarian cancer (OC; a disseminated process), ovarian cystadenoma (OCA), or external endometriosis (EM) before treatment and in apparently healthy females (a control) for the content of some acute-phase proteins and cytokines to clarify the specific features of changes in their concentrations in relation to the type of the proliferative process. It was shown that in OC, there were significant reductions in the levels of alpha2-macroglobulin (MG), plasmin (PL), alpha1-antitrypsin (AT) and statistically significantly increases in the content of lactoferrin (LF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, Ig, and the regulatory transport complex of P--M. In M, the concentrations of AT were lower and those of IL-6, IL-8, and PL-MG were higher (to a lesser degree than those in OC). In OCA, the levels of MG and IgA were increased; those of IL-8 and PL-MG were decreased. The concentrations of interferon and IgM were unchanged in all groups. The findings suggest that difefrent proliferative processes initially provoke a number of changes of varying magnitude and even directions in the serum levels of inflammation reactants, which should be borne in mind when conducting clinical tests in the intraoperative and, probably, postoperative periods.

[Spare capacities of endocrine and metabolic indexes in the European North inhabitants during glucose tolerance test depending on photoperiod].

The standard gluco-tolerance test was carried out in 104 healthy women, 20-30 years living in Archangelsk at different year periods (October, March, December and June). The higher spare capacities levels were determined for glucose, lactate and pyruvate against the background of lactate dehydrogenase activity, insulin, C-peptide and cortisol in October and March.

[Relationships between serum content of tocopherol, retinol, and reproductive hormones in children].

Changes in the relations between the blood levels of vitamins E, A, and the hormones of the pituitary-gonad hormones (gonadotropic, sex steroid hormones) were studied in children at different pubertal stages. It has been found that at different pubertal stages, there is a change in the correlations the nature of which is determined by the relation to the blood concentrations of vitamins E and A.

[Specificity of metabolic processes observed in the glucose tolerance test in residents of the European North]. / Osobennosti obmennykh protsessov pri provedenii gliukozotolerantnogo testa u zhitelei evropeiskogo severa.

The reserve potentialities of metabolism processes and the specificity of the functioning in the course of glucose-tolerance test made in virtually healthy residence of the European North were studied with respect to body weight. A slowed utilization of glucose, triglycerides and of free fatty acids due to an intensified insulin concentration was detected, which essentially affects, in persons with excessive weight, the nature of the mentioned changes and belongs to the risk category of diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease.

[Humoral factors (beta-endorphin and adrenocorticotropin) in irritable bowel syndrome and their relations with psychological disorders and characteristics of disorders in the large intestine motility]. / Gumoral'ny efaktory (beta-éndorfin i adrenokortikotropin) pri sindrome razdrazhennogo kishechnika i ikh sviaz' s psikhicheskimi narusheniiami i kharakterom narushenii dvigatel'noi funktsii tolstoi kishki.

The object of this study was to discover mental functions, humoral regulation and large intestinal motor dysfunction in patients with the irritable bowels syndrome (IBS) in order to develop principles of their differential correction. A group of 106 patients (26 men and 80 women) with the irritable bowels syndrome was examined. The IBS diagnosis was made in accordance with the Rome criteria (1999). The control group included 21 somatically healthy volunteers (16 women and 5 men). Patients from both of the groups underwent clinical and psychological as well as plasma beta-endorphin concentration studies; colonic motor activity was also studied in patients with the IBS by the method of electric colonoscopy. Mental changes and certain particular features of the large intestine humoral regulation and motor activity determining the differential treatment for this category of patients were discovered.

[Comparative analysis of parameters of corrected and uncorrected QT-interval dispersion of magneto-, electrocardiography and isomagnetic maps in patients with ischemic heart disease]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz parametrov korrigirovannoi i nekorrigirovanno dispersii intervala Q-T magnito-, élektrokardiografii i izomagnitnykh kart u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

AIM: To compare possibilities of magnetocardiography (MCG) and electrocardiography for assessment of regional dispersion of ventricular recovery time using parameters of corrected and uncorrected QT-interval dispersion (DQTs and DQT). MATERIAL: Twenty three patients with class II angina pectoris including 11 patients with history of myocardial infarction (MI) and 13 practically healthy subjects. RESULTS: Mean DQT and DQTc were significantly higher (p<0.005) in patients than in healthy subjects according to both techniques. Values of DQT and DQTc obtained by MCG were higher in patients with history of MI compared with those without MI (p=0.006 and 0.02, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation between age and DQT and DQTc determined by electrocardiography. Mean number of T-wave dipoles was significantly higher in patients than in healthy subjects. Substantial positive correlation was found between number of T-wave dipoles on isomagnetic maps and age in both patients and healthy people. CONCLUSION: The method of MCG gave supplementary information on the state of ventricular depolarization in patients with ischemic heart disease.

[Cryo- and electrotherapy in acute thrombophlebitis]. / Krioélektroterapiia ostrykh tromboflebitov.

Combinations of cryotherapy with galvanization or alternating magnetic field (AMF), of cryogalvanization with AMF were used in 43 patients with acute thrombophlebitis. Within the first 3 days of treatment the response occurred more frequently in females. Positive effects of the above combinations were registered in patients of all ages. The remission persisted for 1-3 years. The treatment proved safe and pathogenetic. Cryoelectrotherapy is thought valid for therapeutic and prophylactic application in any cases of acute thrombophlebitis and chronic venous insufficiency of the legs.

[Changes in glycolysis and glycogenolysis in tissues and level of certain hormones in blood and urine from rats with varying lengths of cold adaptation]. / Izmenenie glikoliza i glikogenoliza v tkaniakh i soderzhanie nekotorykhgormonov v krovi i moche u krys v razlichnye sroki kholodovoi adaptatsii.

The production phase changes of adaptive hormones and the activity of key glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes were studied in Wistar rats exposed to a long-term (1-49 day) cold (+5 degrees C) exposure. The allosteric mechanisms responsible for regulating carbohydrate metabolism were shown to interact with endocrine ones and to modulate their effects. In cold acclimation, activation of the sympathoadrenal system aimed not only at increasing carbohydrate metabolism, but at enhancing the metabolism of fats and calorigenic effects.

[The effect of stimulation of the mononuclear phagocyte system on the binding of high- and low-density lipoproteins by the hepatocytes, Kupffer cells and liver endotheliocytes of rats]. / Vliianie stimuliatsii sistemy mononuklearnykh fagotsitov na sviazyvanie lipoproteinov vysokoi i nizkoi plotnosti gepatotsitami, kupferovskimi i éndotelial'nymi kletkami pecheni krys.

The role of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) in the regulation of low- (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor activity in different rat liver cells was investigated. MPS was activated by intravenous administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Serratia marcescens. Liver cells were isolated by in vitro perfusion of the liver with a collagenase solution. Separation of Kupffer and endothelial cells was performed by the method of centrifugal elutriation. In control rats, the hepatocytes bound 1.6 times more 125I-HDL and 2.5 times more 125I-LDL per cell than Kupffer cells. Treatment of rats with LPS resulted in a 4.5-fold decrease in the 125I-HDL binding to Kupffer cells. In contrast, the hepatocytes from LPS-treated rat bound 2 times more 125I-HDL than that from untreated rats. The binding of 125I-LDL and 125I-HDL to endothelial cells and 125I-LDL to hepatocytes were not affected by LPS treatment. These results suggest that the MPS (especially Kupffer cells) plays an important role in the regulation of HDL receptor activity in hepatocytes.

[The cooperative effect of hydrocortisone, adrenaline, and high density lipoproteins in regulating the activity of multiple forms of liver hexokinase]. / O kooperativnom éffekte gidrokortizona, adrenalina i lipoproteidov vysokoi plotnosti v reguliatsii aktivnosti mnozhestvennykh form geksokinazy v pecheni.

High density lipoproteins (HDL) were shown to modulate the effect of hydrocortisone and adrenaline on activity of hexokinase in surviving liver tissue slices. The hormones inhibited the enzymatic activity while in presence of HDL the hormones exhibited an opposite effect. The phenomenon observed was termed a "cooperative effect"; it could not be reproduced by any single components of the system studied. Mechanism of the effect involved induction of all the multiple hexokinase forms which was abolished by actinomycin D. A specific function could be ascribed only to HDL3; HDL2, low and very low density lipoproteins did not exhibit any effects. The cooperative effect of HDL and of the adaptive hormones was also inhibited in the surviving liver tissue slices by vinblastine, gordox and methylamine thus demonstrating the sophisticated nature of the mechanism.

[An evaluation of the course and prognosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in relation to the presence of circulatory failure]. / Otsenka techeniia i prognoza gipertroficheskoi kardiomiopatii v zavisimosti ot nalichiia nedostatochnosti krovoobrashcheniia.

A total of 55 patients with hypertropic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) with and without circulatory insufficiency were examined at rest and in the restorative period (up to 24 hours) after graded exercise. The serum levels of lactate were measured and the activity of lysosomal enzymes: acid phosphatase, beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase were assayed. Healthy untrained donors (n = 21) and athletes (n = 12) with moderately working myocardial hypertrophy, as evidenced by echocardiography served as controls. The patients with HCMP had higher lactate levels and enhanced activity of lysosomal enzymes both at rest and during exercise than the controls. Highest hyperenzymia was found in HCMP patients with circulatory insufficiency and in those without the latter who showed progressive disease even with signs of circulatory insufficiency during 6-9 month follow-ups. In these groups, the patients had the lowest capacity to restore after exercise. It is concluded that the high activity of blood lysosomal enzymes in HCMP patients is a poor predictor.

[The receptor binding of 3H-corticosterone by rat hepatocytes]. / Retseptsiia 3H-kortikosterona gepatotsitami kryus.

The binding of 3H-corticosterone was studied on rat hepatocytes both in presence of unlabeled corticosterone, obsidan and their absence at 0 degrees-4 degrees C. The analysis of binding by the method of Scatchard showed that there are two types of specific binding sites for 3H-corticosterone. Possible existence of proper glucocorticoid receptors (Ka = 4 x 10(9)M-1, n = 0.52 x 10(-14) mol/mg prot.) has been shown, as well as possibility of 3H-corticosterone interaction with beta-adrenoreceptors (Ka = 1.2 x 10(9)M-1, n = 0.9 x 10(-14) mol/mg prot.) have been demonstrated on hepatocytes.

[The cooperative effect of hydrocortisone, adrenaline and high-density lipoproteins in regulating liver hexokinase activity]. / Kooperativnyi éffekt gidrokortizona, adrenalina i lipoproteidov vysokoi plotnosti v reguliatsii aktivnosti geksokinazy pecheni.

The authors described a cooperative effect of glucocorticoids, catecholamines and high density lipoproteins (HDLP), based on increased hexokinase and glucokinase biosynthesis in the liver, resulting in elevated activity of the respective enzymes. This effect was completely blocked by actinomycin-D (a DNA-dependent inhibitor of RNA synthesis), vinblastine (an inhibitor of the microtubular apparatus and intracellular shift) and gordox (an inhibitor of serine proteinases). The modulating effect of HDLP with relation to the adaptive hormones emphasizes the cooperative nature of the new mechanism of enzymatic synthesis induction.