[Modified lipoproteins--their types and role in atherogenesis]. / Modifikovani lipoproteïny--typy ta rol' v aterohenezi.

In the performed clinical and experimental investigation there were determined the significance of lipoprotein modification in atherogenesis and the mechanisms of blood atherogenicity development. The pronounced changes of total blood cholesterol and the spectrum of lipoproteins in patients with coronary atherosclerosis were not regular and were noted only in 40-55% cases. The most regular was the increasing of blood atherogenicity, reflecting the appearance of the great amount of modified lipoproteins. One of the most important modifying factors was oxidative stress induced by the activation of blood inflammatory cells. These data were confirmed in investigations on children with acute respiratory inflammatory diseases and on rabbits with the models of acute inflammation. The other important mechanism of blood atherogenicity was the increasing of blood lipoproteins enriched with triglycerides; that led to secondary monocyte activation and oxidative stress development. The usage of lipid-lowering drug lipantil in coronary patients not only decreased the amount of cholesterol and tryglicerides in blood but also lowered blood atherogenicity and suppressed the oxidative stress. Thus the results show the existence of at least two ways of atherogenic lipoprotein formation--in the course of oxidative modification and under the enrichment with tryglicerides as a result of the lipolysis disturbances with subsequent slowing of the formation and elimination of these lipoprotein remnant forms from blood.

[The role of a systemic inflammatory process in the atherogenic modification of lipoproteins and the development of hypercholesterolemia]. / Rol' systemnoho zapal'noho protsesu v aterohennii modyfikatsiï lipoproteïniv i rozvytku hiperkholesterynemiï.

The aim of the investigation was the determination of the systemic inflammatory process significance as a casual factor of the atherogenic blood lipoprotein (LP) modification and hypercholesterolemia (HCE) development. The availability of the HCE and atherogenic LP in blood of the patients with chronic coronary disease was established to coincide with the distinct sighs of the inflammatory process such as monocytes activation and oxidative stress development. Under the primary character of the inflammation--in children with acute respiratory infectious diseases and in conditions of experimental rendering of acute inflammation in rabbits by the intravenous injection of latex microspheres or pyrogenal there was also determined the distinct dependence between monocytes activation, increasing in blood free radical processes intensity, LP atherogenic modification and HCE development. The dependence was confirmed by the results of the paired correlative analysis. The obtained data allowed to draw a conclusion that the systemic inflammatory process and induced by it free radicals reactions in blood were the independent causal factors of atherogenesis.

[The vascular protective effect of the combined administration of magnesium chloride and antioxidants in prolonged hypercholesterolemia ]. / Angioprotektorna efectyvnist poiednanogo vykorystannia khlorystogo magniiu ta antyoksydantiv v umovakh tryvaloi giperkholesterynemii.

The angioprotective efficacy of combined application of magnesium chloride and antioxidants during prolonged hypercholesterolemia has been investigated on the experimental model of atherosclerosis in rabbits. The application of magnesium chloride and acetate tocopherol from the very beginning of the atherogenic diet is shown to exert a pronounced angioprotective effect preventing the development of structural and functional changes in the aorta wall. If the treatment is initiated against the background of the well developed atherosclerotic symptoms, its efficacy is less pronounced but remains still on a quite high level. These data indicate that combination of magnesium chloride and antioxidants has not only protective action but can also induce partial regression of the developed atherosclerotic changes.

[The dynamic changes in the functional characteristics of the vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells under conditions of long-term hypercholesterolemia]. / Dinamika izmenenii funktsional'nykh kharakteristik éndoteliia i gladkomyshechnykh kletok sosudov v usloviiakh dlitel'noi giperkholesterinemii.

The course of the rabbit aortic wall reactivity changes due to hypercholesterolemia involved, in the first place, the inhibition of the endothelium relaxing influence on the smooth muscle contractile activity and an increase in the muscle sensitivity to neurogenic and humoral tonic influences. Later, a sharp inhibition of the vessel's wall functional activity occurred due to a mechanical factor: the development of connective tissue which prevents active vascular reactions. Nevertheless, endothelial and smooth muscle cells functional activity was high enough. The main cause of the vascular reactivity disturbances involved structural changes in the vessel wall whilst the direct influence of high blood cholesterol was much less obvious.