Subject(s)
Blindness , Medicine in the Arts , Ophthalmology , Poetry as Topic , Argentina , History, 19th Century , History, 20th CenturySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ophthalmology/history , Art , Medicine in the Arts , Medicine in Literature , Visually Impaired Persons , Liver NeoplasmsSubject(s)
Drama , Literature, Modern , Medicine in Literature , Ophthalmology , Poetry as Topic , Eye , History, 20th Century , Humans , Metaphor , Mexico , Myopia , Nobel Prize , Vision, OcularSubject(s)
Drama , Literature, Modern , Medicine in Literature , Ophthalmology , Poetry as Topic , History, 20th Century , MexicoABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as well as the clinical, endoscopic, and manometric characteristics in 57 adult patients with otolaryngeal symptoms, asthma, or noncardiac chest pain referred from specialized services. METHODS: The following evaluations were performed: (1) upper endoscopy, (2) 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring, and (3) esophageal manometry. The prevalence of GERD was determined, and demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and manometric characteristics of patients with or without GERD were evaluated. RESULTS: Thirty-four out of 57 patients (60%) had GERD. The 95% confidence interval ranged from 48 to 72%. There was no statistical difference between patients with or without GERD regarding gender, age, or time of evolution of symptoms. Cough was more frequent in the subjects with GERD (75 vs. 25%, p<0.05). Nevertheless, cough was observed in only 53% of the patients with GERD. Patients suffering from laryngitis had a greater proximal and distal esophageal acid exposure time than those without. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of GERD was 60%. There is not a definite demographic or clinical profile that permits us to distinguish between patients with and without GERD among those with ear, nose, and throat and pulmonary symptoms or chest pain.
Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Chest Pain/epidemiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/epidemiology , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Comorbidity , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Se analizaron 250 pacientes que ingresaron en un lapso de tres meses al Servicio de Urgencias del CMN, IMSS, deshidratados por gastroenteritis que fueron rehidratados por via oral, con el objeto de evaluar la correcion de las alteraciones electroliticas y la capacidad de las madres para administrar el tratamiento. La edad de los pacientes fue en promedio de 7,6 meses (3 dias a 36 m); la diarrea de 4.1 dias y 83% presentaban vomito, 65% presentaban desnutricion de grado variable y la deshidratacion fue en promedio de 5.5% en todo el grupo. Los resultados en las muestras sanguineas tomadas previamente al tratamiento y despues de corrigida la deshidratacion demostraron que las alteraciones del sodio en los pacientes hipo e hipernatremicos tienen a la correccion. De la misma manera sucedio con las alteraciones del potasio serico, con la acidosis y la uremia. No hubo diferencia para corregir adecuadamente el desequilibrio entre los recien nacidos y los desnutridos con los ninos de mayor edad y peso normal. Diarrea aguda, hidratacion por via oral
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Female , Fluid Therapy , Gastroenteritis , Water-Electrolyte ImbalanceABSTRACT
The medical records of children who died from asthmatiform syndrome at Hospital de Pediatría del Centro Médico Nacional, during 1963 through 1980. were examined. There were sixteen asthmatic deaths; out of these, ten were males and six females; 88% occurred before the age of five years. Half of the deaths occurred during the first asthmatiform attack. In 69%, an upper respiratory tract infection was the precipitating factor and in 31%, bronchopneumonia was associated. There were cardiac failures in 88%. A poor medical management was the main factor in about 66%. The mortality rate was 0.5%. The significance of the clinical course is discussed and a program for treatment outlined.
Subject(s)
Asthma/mortality , Aminophylline/adverse effects , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced , Asthma/complications , Asthma/therapy , Bronchopneumonia/complications , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Heart Failure/etiology , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects , Infant , Male , Nasopharyngitis/complications , Pulmonary Heart Disease/chemically induced , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Virus Diseases/complicationsABSTRACT
Se presenta el analisis de los 16 fallecimientos por sindrome asmatiforme en el Hospital de Pediatria del Centro Medico Nacional.IMSS., de 1963 a 1980. Catorce (88%) fueron menores de cinco anos. La mitad de las defunciones ocurrieron en el primer ataque asmatiforme. La infeccion de vias respiratorias altas se observo como factor desencadenante en 69% de los casos y en 31% se asocio bronconeumonia. Catorce pacientes (88%) presentaron insuficiencia cardiaca. El manejo medico inadecuado se considero el factor principal en mas de las 2/3 partes de los casos. El indice de mortalidad fue de 0.5%. Se analizan los factores condicionantes de la muerte. Se comparan los resultados con los de la literatura. Se hace enfasis en la elevada frecuencia de fallecimientos durante la primera crisis asmatiforme y en el mal pronostico de su asociacion con insuficiencia cardiaca. Se hacen recomendaciones sobre la valoracion adecuada y oportuna de la gravedad de la crisis y lineamentos sobre el manejo
Subject(s)
Asthma , MortalityABSTRACT
Se estudio la presencia de rotavirus en la materia fecal de 232 ninos menores de cinco anos con gastroenteritis infecciosa aguda por medio de la tecnica de electroforesis del RNA viral. Se encontraron 15.1 por ciento de casos positivos, no observandose predominio en relacion con la edad o la epoca del ano.Aproximadamente 50 por ciento correspondieron a cada uno de los dos tipos de rotavirus, pero el tipo 2 (2 L) predomino en los seis primeros meses del ano y el tipo 1 (2 S) en los otros seis. Los resultados concuerdan con los obtenidos por otros autores, ya que se considera que aproximadamente 20 por ciento de las diarreas agudas de la infancia son causadas por estos agentes virales
Subject(s)
Gastroenteritis , Rotavirus , FecesSubject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Diarrhea, Infantile , Fluid Therapy , Hypertonic SolutionsSubject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Respiratory System , Foreign Bodies , Tracheotomy , BronchoscopySubject(s)
Diarrhea, Infantile/etiology , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Reoviridae Infections/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , RotavirusABSTRACT
Most cases of toxic methemoglobinemia in children are caused by direct contact of the methemoglobinizing agents with the skin and mucosa and in a shorter scale, by the ingestion of such compounds. The first case we know is reported where the toxic was inhaled. The basis to establish the diagnosis of methemoglobinemia, together with the differential diagnosis with other diseases in children that show cyanosis in their course are discussed.
