ABSTRACT
To assess the effects of increasing the mineral content of parenteral nutrition solutions on the biochemical and radiological indicators of metabolic bone disease of prematurity 27 neonates who required parenteral nutrition were sequentially allocated to receive either a standard solution (group 1) or one with an increased mineral content (group 2). The 13 patients in group 1 received 0.68 mmol/kg/day of calcium and 0.61 mmol/kg/day of phosphorus, and the 14 in group 2 received 1.25 and 1.20 mmol/kg/day, respectively. The two groups did not differ significantly in the severity of their illness measured by birth weight, gestational age, duration of parenteral nutrition or ventilation, or the amount of supplementary oxygen required. In patients in group 2 the median plasma phosphate concentration was higher, the plasma alkaline phosphatase activity was lower, and there was less radiological evidence of rickets. There were no complications caused by excess calcium and phosphorus, and the rate of growth was similar in both groups. We conclude that an increased mineral content in parenteral nutrition solutions reduces the severity of metabolic bone disease in sick infants who require this form of nutrition.
Subject(s)
Bone Diseases, Metabolic/metabolism , Infant, Premature, Diseases/metabolism , Minerals/metabolism , Parenteral Nutrition , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood , Calcium/administration & dosage , Calcium/blood , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Phosphorus/administration & dosage , Phosphorus/blood , Rickets/prevention & controlABSTRACT
A false aneurysm of the peroneal artery was catheterised directly through the calf and embolised with steel coils and gel foam. This technique has not been previously described.
Subject(s)
Aneurysm/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Leg/blood supply , Aged , Aneurysm/etiology , Catheterization/adverse effects , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Phlebography/methods , Valsalva Maneuver , Venous Insufficiency/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
We report a prospective randomised double blind study comparing the diagnostic quality of and tolerance for ascending phlebography in 100 patients using two different low osmolality contrast media, ioxaglate and iohexol, at a concentration of 200 mg I/ml. The immediate and delayed side effects were minimal in both groups and the difference between the two media was not statistically significant. All the phlebograms were of diagnostic quality. We conclude that both ioxaglate and iohexol are suitable agents for leg phlebography in low concentrations.
Subject(s)
Iohexol , Ioxaglic Acid , Phlebography , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Clinical Trials as Topic , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Osmolar Concentration , Phlebitis/diagnostic imaging , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Intravenous digital subtraction arteriography (IV-DSA) was carried out in 204 patients with arteriosclerotic peripheral vascular disease using the non-ionic contrast medium iopamidol 370. In 124 patients the injection was made into an antecubital vein and in 80 into the right atrium. Rhythm strip electrocardiograms showed no significant difference in incidence or type of arrhythmias between either injection method (p greater than 0.95).
Subject(s)
Angiography/methods , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/chemically induced , Contrast Media/adverse effects , Adult , Aged , Arteriosclerosis/diagnostic imaging , Contrast Media/administration & dosage , Female , Forearm/blood supply , Heart Atria , Humans , Injections , Injections, Intravenous , Iopamidol , Iothalamic Acid/adverse effects , Iothalamic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Male , Middle Aged , Subtraction TechniqueABSTRACT
The diagnostic quality of intravenous digital arteriograms using peripheral and central injections in 50 patients were compared. No significant difference in diagnostic quality was noted. It is concluded that a peripheral injection is the most convenient method of performing an intravenous digital arteriogram.
Subject(s)
Subtraction Technique , Adult , Aged , Angiography , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Contrast Media/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Injections , Male , Middle Aged , Renal Artery/diagnostic imaging , Subtraction Technique/standardsABSTRACT
We report a prospective, randomised, double blind study comparing the diagnostic quality of and tolerance for ascending phlebography in 100 patients using two different concentrations of ioxaglate, 320 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml. The immediate and delayed side effects were minimal in both groups and the difference between the two concentrations was not statistically significant. All the phlebograms were of diagnostic quality. We conclude that, with its lower osmolality, lower viscosity and lower cost, ioxaglate 200 mg/ml is a suitable medium for routine use in ascending phlebography of lower limbs.
Subject(s)
Iodobenzoates/administration & dosage , Phlebography/methods , Triiodobenzoic Acids/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Clinical Trials as Topic , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Ioxaglic Acid , Male , Middle Aged , Quality Control , Random Allocation , Triiodobenzoic Acids/adverse effectsSubject(s)
Contrast Media/adverse effects , Iodobenzoates/adverse effects , Iothalamate Meglumine/adverse effects , Phlebography , Thrombophlebitis/chemically induced , Triiodobenzoic Acids/adverse effects , Adult , Clinical Trials as Topic , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Iohexol , Male , Middle Aged , Varicose Veins/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
A comparison was made of the incidence of venous thrombophlebitis resulting from the use of a high-osmolality contrast medium (Conray 60%, meglumine iothalamate), and a low-osmolality contrast medium (Niopam 61%, iopamidol). In 20 patients Conray was injected into one leg and Niopam into the other. The incidence of thrombophlebitis was then determined using the iodine-125 fibrinogen uptake test in a prospective, randomised, double-blind study. There was significantly less thrombophlebitis with Niopam than with Conray and it is concluded that Niopam is a safer contrast medium for phlebography.
