ABSTRACT
Examination was made of the cervical cytology in 107 patients who underwent cone biopsy with a subsequent diagnosis of severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ (105) or microinvasive carcinoma (2). Multiple smears had been performed for each patient over a period of time. From the total number of smears a 'false-negative' cervical cytology rate of 10.3 per cent was found. The time interval from the initial abnormal smear until definitive surgical treatment was carried out was calculated. The cervical smear prior to cone biopsy was found to correlate with the histological diagnosis in only 46.7 per cent. The implications of performing repeated cervical cytology are discussed and a firm recommendation is made that patients with abnormal cervical smear be promptly referred to definitive treatment.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma in Situ/pathology , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia/pathology , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Predictive Value of Tests , Referral and Consultation , Time Factors , Vaginal SmearsSubject(s)
Fetal Diseases/etiology , Pregnancy in Diabetics/complications , Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, SecondSubject(s)
Fetal Heart , Heart Function Tests/methods , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Female , Humans , PregnancyABSTRACT
The practical application of foetal blood sampling in the routine management of patients in labour has been reviewed in a six-month survey, during which time 1,668 patients were delivered at Queen Charlotte's Hospital.Foetal acidaemia (pH 7.25 or less) occurred in 45 of the 295 patients who showed clinical signs of foetal distress. Foetal tachycardia was the presenting sign in 33 of these 45 patients, underlining the importance of this physical sign. Foetal acidaemia in association with clinical foetal distress occurred twice as often in patients who had complications of pregnancy and who were therefore regarded as obstetrically "at risk" as it did in patients who were obstetrically "normal" No cases of acidaemia were detected in any of the foetal blood samples performed routinely on "at-risk" patients in the absence of clinical foetal distress.
